A case of fatal myocardial infarction in a young man, secondary to thrombosis of an isolated ectatic coronary artery, is reported. Histological study of this abnormal artery demonstrated that it was of elastic type in its proximal two centimeters. This abnormal arterial structure supports the hypothesis of a congenital defect.

We compared the combination of aspirin plus clopidrogrel (A+C) with aspirin and ticlopidine (A+T) for prevention of subacute stent thrombosis in 827 patients. At 30-day follow-up, there were trends toward increased subacute thrombosis with A+C compared with A+T (1.3% vs 0.2%, p = 0.10). These results suggest that A+C may ...

Activated protein C resistance, usually because of factor V Leiden mutation, is considered to be the most common hereditary prothrombotic condition. A 9-year-old male with a basilar artery stroke and activated protein C resistance is described. The patient, found to be heterozygous for factor V Leiden mutation, is one of ...

BACKGROUND: Aorto-arterial thrombosis is very often associated with atherosclerotic and/or aneurysmal changes. Thrombosis, unrelated to these changes is infrequent. AIMS: To evaluate the clinical presentation and aetiopathogenesis of aorto-arterial thrombosis, unrelated to atherosclerosis and aneurysms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 30 autopsied cases of non-atherosclerotic and non-aneurysmal aorto-arterial ...

Thrombosis of the ulnar artery can be a cause of significant morbidity. Most often a consequence of blunt trauma to the hypothenar eminence of the hand, it may be attributable to one traumatic event or to repetitive insults. Surgery is often required. We reviewed the presentation and diagnosis of ulnar ...

Morphological aspects of calcifications are identical whatever their site in the arterial layers: fine granular deposits, plates, rings. Occurrence of complications: fibrosis with foreign body type granuloma, thrombosis, and embolism mainly depend on the site and the amount of calcification. Clinicians should be aware of these complications when performing angioplasty.

We report the case of a patient with Behçet's disease (BD) and recurrent venous thrombosis in the right subclavian vein, successfully treated with balloon dilatation and the insertion of a Wallstent. Subsequent follow up at 6 months showed no evidence of reocclusion. Endovascular stents should be considered as a possible ...

This update uses an evidence based approach to analyze and present the epidemiology of neonatal thrombosis, etiologies, currently used techniques for diagnosis with their limitations, and current therapeutic approaches. In addition, the approaches to both prevention and optimal therapies are discussed. In Section I Dr. Paul Monagle addresses the epidemiology ...

The administration of estrogens in animals tends to inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. [Therefore], attempts are being made in human males to prevent further progress of the disease in cases of angina or previous coronary thrombosis by long-range estrogen therapy. This work is in its infancy. It is hoped that, ...

PURPOSE: Intracoronary radiation (IR) suppresses neointima formation following balloon injury in animal models. High doses of radiation exacerbate thrombosis and delay re-endothelialization. The free radical nitric oxide (NO) has been reported to inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce neointimal hyperplasia, and stimulate re-endothelialization. This study examined the effects of a chemical NO ...

BACKGROUND: Ovarian vein thrombosis has been described postpartum and after pelvic surgery, but is uncommon in first- and second-trimester abortions. CASE: A 24-year-old woman, para 1011, presented 9 days after an uneventful elective abortion at 13 weeks' gestation with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, rebound tenderness and a normal white ...

Although venous thrombosis is a frequently encountered problem in nephrotic syndrome, the occurrence of arterial thrombosis is much less common, and is usually associated with a poor prognosis. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one reported case of concurrent cerebral and femoral artery thrombosis, that of ...

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon but potentially lethal condition, with mortality between 5.5-30 per cent. It was previously associated with infections of the orbit, mastoid or face, but, after the advent of antibiotics, the most common causes include neoplasms, dehydration, oral contraceptives, coagulopathies, collagen diseases, and pregnancy and ...

Org 36764, is an antithrombin III (AT) and thrombin binding carbohydrate, which accelerates the inactivation of both factor Xa and thrombin by AT. It displays in buffer an anti-Xa and anti-thrombin activity of 415 and 2 U/mg, respectively, compared to 172 and 114 U/mg, respectively, for unfractionated heparin (UFH), Org ...

Osteosarcoma metastasis to the heart caused by tumor thrombosis is very rare. A 7-year-old girl with an osteosarcoma of the right humerus, refused the treatment, at first, then, 1 year later, referred to the hospital with metastasis to the heart. The mass invading the pulmonary arteries was successfully removed with ...

Factor V Leiden mutation is reportedly the most common hereditary risk factor for thrombosis. Spontaneous venous thromboses in children with factor V Leiden are rare without the presence of an additional risk factor for thrombosis. Spontaneous arterial thromboses are even more rare. In this case report, we describe an unusual ...

OBJECTIVE: (1) Can one measure coronary collateral flow around an open critical stenosis? (2) Does intracoronary platelet thrombosis affect native coronary collateral vessels? METHODS: We measured regional myocardial blood flow by the radioactive microsphere technique in seven anaesthetised dogs with an ultrasonic flowmeter on the circumflex branch of the left ...

We report on a family with a history of venous thromboembolism associated with fibrinogen Paris V (fibrinogen Aalpha-Arg554-->Cys). Ten members experienced thrombotic events, including 4 with fatal pulmonary emboli. Pulmonary embolism was the presenting feature in 4. Those with the mutation and a history of thrombosis had somewhat higher fibrinogen ...

BACKGROUND: Complete venous thrombosis of the pancreas after simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation usually results in graft loss. We describe a technique that allows salvage of the graft after complete venous thrombosis. METHODS: A total of 150 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus/end stage renal disease underwent SPK over the past ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the occurrence of cerebral venous thrombosis in a 40-year-old man whose cerebral event was induced by a poor golf swing, to review the literature on possible mechanisms producing venous thrombosis, and to compare this case with the literature. BACKGROUND: Headache is the most frequent symptom in patients ...

Severe thrombosis of the superior sagittal, transverse, and straight sinuses developed in a 53-year-old woman. This resulted in extensive multifocal hemorrhagic venous infarction and severe intracranial hypertension refractory to intensive management. Endovascular therapy using a rheolytic catheter device in combination with a small amount of fibrinolytic agent led to rapid ...

Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare disorder with highly variable and nonspecific clinical presentations. For these reasons, specific treatment should be given only when the diagnosis has been firmly established. Etiologic diagnosis should begin in the emergency department to identify underlying conditions that require specific treatment. The mainstay of treatment ...

A successfully treated case of a spontaneous aortic thrombosis in a neonate is described as an illustration of the advantages of using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) over unfractionated heparin (UFH) for anticoagulation therapy. A 5-day-old neonate presented with an abdominal aortic thrombosis detected by echocardiography. Intravenous UFH was commenced ...

We recently showed that a single low graft blood-flow measurement (Qa) does not accurately predict graft thrombosis. In this study, we prospectively determined whether percentage of decrease in Qa (DeltaQa) or adjustment of Qa for mean arterial pressure (Qa/MAP; Delta(Qa/MAP)) provides greater predictive accuracy than a single Qa. We monitored ...

Moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia (MHH) is associated with arterial and venous thrombosis. A main genetic defect related to MHH is a C to T substitution at nucleotide 677 of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. A prothrombin 20210A mutation was recently identified as a risk factor for arterial and venous thrombosis. However, studies ...

We report a newborn male who presented with severe central cyanosis on the third day of life. Partial thrombotic obstruction of the pulmonary trunk secondary to Antithrombin III (homozygous defect of heparin binding site) deficiency was subsequently diagnosed. Surgical thrombectomy, and infusions of Antithrombin III concentrate, led to a successful ...

We report the history of a very old woman with a spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis as the presenting feature of an occult adenocarcinoma of the caecum. Spontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis is an unusual form of venous thrombosis. Doppler ultrasound and Computed Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging should confirm ...

Bacterial oropharyngeal infections in healthy young people rarely give rise to life threatening complications. Lemierre's disease, caused by Fusobacetrium necrophorum, manifests as pharyngitis, jugular venous thrombosis and septic pulmonary embolism. A previously fit young male presenting with prolonged pharyngitis, complicated by severe pneumonia and septicaemia is presented. Recognition of this ...

Free-flap failure is in the order of 4 to 10 percent. Heparin is more effective at preventing venous thrombosis than arterial thrombosis. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of delivering heparin at a high dose locally but low dose systemically (heparin infusion via a catheter placed proximal to ...

This article reviews the field of low molecular weight heparins for arterial thrombosis and interventional cardiology. Particular emphasis is paid to the drugs dalteparin and fraxiparine. Pre-clinical and clinical trial data are summarized.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare complication of polycythemia. To our knowledge, epoetin alfa-induced polycythemia has not previously been reported in association with cerebral venous thrombosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 37-year-old patient who was receiving peritoneal dialysis and epoetin alfa (Epogen) therapy presented with a several-day history of worsening headache, ...

Hyperacute thrombosis of the basilar artery accompanied urgent treatment of basilar thrombosis with local thrombolytics and arterial reconstruction by balloon angioplasty. Successful placement of an endoprosthesis into the basilar artery permitted sustained restoration of blood flow. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first successful report of intracranial endoprosthesis deployment.

A transient hemiparesis may be ocassionally present at an early stage of the thrombosis of the basilar artery (herald hemiparesis). We report on one of these cases and the valuable role of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) to the early detection of the stroke-in-evolution. TCD in the emergency room is a ...

In the past years several case-control studies established the association of an elevated plasma homocysteine concentration and the risk of venous thromboembolism. It is still unclear if elevated homocysteine concentrations can cause venous thrombosis. The VITRO (VItamins and ThROmbosis) trial is the first multicenter, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study to ...

Nephrotic syndrome frequently causes venous thromboembolic complications. Arterial thrombosis has rarely been reported and is mainly observed in children. Only six cases of lower extremity arterial thrombosis in adults have been reported in the literature. The outcome in these cases was unsatisfactory because of the high rates of limb loss ...

Congenital and acquired hypercoagulable states arise from an imbalance between procoagulant and anticoagulant forces. Although these conditions are present throughout the vascular tree, they typically give rise to local thrombotic lesions in discrete segments of the veins or arteries; this suggests that focal defects in the vascular wall or blood ...

A 77-year-old woman presented with chest pain and cardiogenic shock. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a mobile mass occluding intermittently the left coronary ostium. The mass was surgically resected, and histologic examination revealed an organized thrombus. Coagulation study demonstrated a protein S deficiency. This is the first case of aortic thrombosis associated ...

Polymorphisms of several clotting factors have been associated during the past few years with an increased risk of both venous or arterial thrombosis. However, final proof for the existence of a pathogenetic relationship between a given polymorphism and an increased risk for thrombosis is still lacking. Particular emphasis has been ...

A 5-year old girl with cerebral palsy (CP), preterm birth, postnatal aortic thrombus, and cerebellar venous infarction who is homozygous for the thrombophilic factor-V Leiden (fVL) mutation is reported. The role of hereditary thrombophilic disorders in the development of perinatal vascular lesions such as aortic thrombi, renal-vein thrombosis, venous-sinus thrombosis, ...

Dural sinus thrombosis is a relatively rare, but potentially devastating disease. The problem occurs when there is extensive thrombosis of the intracranial dural sinuses, the outflow channels of venous blood from the brain. If recanalization does not occur, venous hypertension can lead to cerebral edema, infarction, and hemorrhage. Treatment of ...

Prothrombin gene G20210A polymorphism has been recently identified as a cause of venous thrombosis. However the association between this mutation and arterial thrombosis remains uncertain. Some authors have suggested that the polymorphism in the 3' region of the prothrombin gene may precipitate cerebral arterial thrombosis in young patients with prothrombotic ...

Arterial reactivity leading to acute thrombosis at the site of a needle stick injury has never been described during antiphospholipid syndrome. The authors report a case characterized by a succession of thrombotic events occurring during or immediately after arterial angiographies or arterial surgery, in which catastrophic arterial reactivity can be ...

Angiography of a patient presenting with ischemia of the ring and small fingers, but with patent arterial inflow through the ulnar artery on Allen's test, demonstrated stenosis of the ulnar artery just distal to Guyon's canal. Surgical exploration revealed a discrete ulcerated plaque with an overlying loosely adherent thrombus. An ...

The fibrinolytic system generates plasmin, which dissolves fibrin in haemostatic plugs and in thrombi. It is often regarded simply as a secondary phenomenon responsive to the generation of thrombi but it is, rather, in dynamic balance with fibrin formation, such that abnormalities in either can lead to thrombosis. This chapter ...

OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the diagnostic importance of change in the headache pattern which pointed to cerebral venous thrombosis in two patients after lumbar puncture and high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for suspected multiple sclerosis. RESULTS: Both patients had a diagnostic lumbar puncture for suspected multiple sclerosis and were treated with high-dose intravenous ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lipoprotein(a) is an LDL-like particle displaying strong athero-thrombotic properties. Although Lp(a) plays a pivotal role in the genesis and progression of thrombosis in the arterial district, its role in promoting thrombosis in the venous district is still unclear. DESIGN AND METHODS: To give further insight into the ...

The antithrombotic activity of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium (LMWH-Ca) was studied in venous and arterial thrombosis models, arterial thrombosis model in rats, arterio-venous shunt model and venous thrombosis model in rabbits. The data showed that LMWH-Ca reduced thrombus formation in a dose-dependent manner. It suggests that LMWH-Ca is a potent antithrombotic ...

We systematically screened for the aetiology of thrombophilia in 115 patients with venous, arterial and small vessel thromboses. Forty-one patients (36% of those we examined) suffering from a variety of thromboses, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, arterial occlusion, cerebral infarction, Moyamoya disease and ulcerative colitis, were characterized either with ...

Two cases of aneurysmal malformations of the vein of Galen (AVG) with spontaneous thrombosis are reported. Angiogram and MRI before thrombosis demonstrated AVGs with slow arteriovenous shunts and associated stagnation of contrast in the venous sac secondary to severe outflow restriction. Based on these findings, one patient was managed conservatively, ...

The main cause of acute coronary syndrome may be recurrent thrombosis, which is initiated by the activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Tissue factor (TF) pathway inhibitor (TFPI) efficiently inhibits an early step in this pathway by the formation of a complex with factor VIIa, TF, and factor Xa. We ...