Peripheral vascular disease is a term often used to describe the manifestation of atherosclerosis below the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. Peripheral atherosclerosis is a major cause of morbidity in the developed countries and 2% of adults in late middle age have intermittent claudication, which is severe enough in some ...

The case records of all infants under the age of 6 months who underwent surgery for acute arterial thrombosis between January 1980 and September 1991 were reviewed. Seven infants (nine ischemic limbs) were identified and ranged in age from 5 days to 5 1/2 months (mean 2.4 months); all weighed ...

The association of dilated peripheral arteries with aortic aneurysmal disease has previously been suspected, but is not well documented. To test this association, the diameters of the common femoral, popliteal, brachial, common carotid, internal carotid, and external carotid arteries were measured with a color-flow duplex scan in 30 control subjects ...

Embolotherapy with platinum microcoils delivered through the Tracker-18 microcatheter (Target Therapeutics, San Jose, Calif) was performed in 16 patients when peripheral superselective catheterization with standard angiographic catheters was not possible. The Tracker-18 catheter could be directed distally into small peripheral vessels for delivery of the microcoils. These microcoils, with attached ...

In the US Physicians' Health Study the early termination of the aspirin arm has provided the opportunity to test the hypothesis that low-dose aspirin (325 mg on alternate days) might affect the subsequent occurrence of peripheral arterial surgery. In the study, a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial among 22,071 healthy US ...

Intravascular ultrasonography of the peripheral arterial system was applied following coronarography in 56 patients with one or several critical stenoses of the coronary arteries. Even though the clinical vascular examination and the subsequent noninvasive examination of the peripheral arterial system of all these patients turned out to be completely normal, ...

Results of a study using the treadmill test on 32 patients with peripheral Fontaine's stage II arterial disease are described. The aim of the study was to evaluate the utility of the test in assessing useful information concerning the site of the lesion. Patients were divided in three classes depending ...

Over a seven year period 52 patients having a clinical diagnosis of spontaneous peripheral arterial microembolization were identified. Sixty-one percent of patients were female, 15% were diabetic, and 73% used tobacco chronically. A striking finding was the very high incidence of associated systemic disorders such as thrombocytosis (8), polycythemia vera ...

Using arteriography as the gold standard, Color flow Doppler ultrasonography was evaluated with regard to its ability to detect peripheral vascular occlusive disease and hemodynamically significant stenosis in patients having peripheral arteriography. One hundred legs in 51 patients were compared at seven arterial segments for disease. Color flow Doppler ultrasonography ...

BACKGROUND: In advanced atherosclerosis, endothelial lesions and turbulent flow in stenotic vessels result in platelet aggregation with the liberation of vasoactive factors, including thromboxane A2 and serotonin. This study was designed to assess the combined effect of these factors on arterial dimensions at the time of limb angiography in patients ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to detect arteriosclerotic changes in the arterial wall at a preclinical stage. That is at a moment when these arteriosclerotic lesions are still fully asymptomatic and when the usual non-invasive vascular investigation techniques do not show any abnormalities. METHODS: Fifty-six patients with one ...

OBJECTIVE: The viscoelastic mechanical compliance properties of the human arterial system were examined in 100 subjects with A-mode Doppler ultrasound diastolic flow analysis. This technique of diastolic flow analysis is utilized to identify early atherogenic peripheral arterial disease. The sensitivity of the commonly utilized standard traditional ultrasound pressure-grade pneumatic cuff ...

Pulsed spectral Doppler ultrasonography was used to characterize the vascular involvement and anatomic boundaries of a peripheral arteriovenous fistula on the hemithorax of a horse. This information facilitated surgical removal of the fistula. Pulsed spectral Doppler evaluation of suspected peripheral vascular anomalies should be considered for the diagnosis of similar ...

A 10-year-old boy presenting with recurrent successive events of peripheral arterial occlusion in both legs, more prominent on the left side, was diagnosed as having acute promyelocytic leukemia. Histological examination of the occluding material showed that it was composed of leukemic blast cells. The boy underwent five operations. Each time ...

OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of peripheral arterial stenoses or occlusions has become a widely recognized therapy in patients with disabling arterial insufficiency of the lower limbs. In most institutions, the procedure requires a two-day hospital stay, and official guidelines do not recommend ambulatory practice. Therefore, we reviewed our experience ...

Patients may present with a wide range of manifestations of arterial occlusive disease. The clinician must be able to assess the magnitude of the arterial flow diminution and thereby determine the appropriate treatment regimen. A careful history, physical examination, and pertinent noninvasive vascular laboratory tests should provide adequate information for ...

The correlation of the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the peak velocity ratio (PVR, calculated as intrastenotic PSV divided by proximally recorded PSV) with percent diameter reduction was studied in 62 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. PSV values correlated well with angiographic diameter reduction (r = 0.81, n = ...

A hemiparetic and aphasic patient, 3 days after acute traumatic transection of the left internal carotid artery requiring life-saving total embolic occlusion, revealed ipsilateral increased peripheral hemispheric 99mTc-HMPAO activity. Ten days postocclusion, HMPAO peripheral cortical flow normalized as hemiparesis and aphasia significantly cleared. The initial lateralized HMPAO hyperactivity pattern may ...

In two series of measurements the Doppler shift signatures of 10 healthy volunteers were studied at varying distances proximal to a total reflection site, in order to describe parameters which are predictive for downstream lesions. Characteristic changes both in amplitude and time parameters were found; the most marked changes being ...

Three American infants with Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated by peripheral extremity gangrene are reported. Eight such patients (only 1 from Japan) have been reported previously. These 11 patients, infants less than 7 months old at onset of KD, are predominantly non-Asian. At least nine had associated giant coronary aneurysms, and ...

Since 1988 250 patients had occluded peripheral arteries reopened by an Argon laser. The mean age of the 110 men and 85 women was 71 years and the mean length of all occlusions 13.4 cm. The primary success rate was 81.5% with a perforation rate of less than 2%. The ...

To obtain a clear view with angioscopy, blood must be displaced. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas has proved to be a safe intraarterial contrast agent, and it may have advantages over saline solution as an infusion medium for angioscopy. This study compared the use of CO2 gas and saline solution in ...

Arterial bullet embolism is an uncommon complication of vascular trauma. While many reports exist of peripheral embolism from aortic entry sites, few cases are described of distal embolization from peripheral arteries. Untreated emboli may cause ischemia and threaten the limb at a site far removed from the point of missile ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Afterload reduction is known to reduce regurgitant flow in patients with aortic regurgitation. Both arterial compliance and total peripheral resistance are determinants of afterload. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of arterial compliance and total peripheral resistance on the regurgitant volume. DESIGN: The values ...

There have been several methods utilized in the diagnosis or assessment of medical or surgical treatments of peripheral arterial diseases. In this study, the diagnostic value of a new tracer: 99mTc-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (MIBI) has been demonstrated in patients with leg claudication. We successively performed muscle perfusion scans in 6 normals and ...

Peripheral atherosclerotic aneurysms occur primarily in elderly men. Major complications are arterial thromboembolism with ischemia of the limb and, rarely, rupture of the aneurysm. Vascular reconstruction is associated with a low mortality, and operation is recommended. These aneurysms are often associated with arterial ectasia at other locations. The presence of ...

As an alternative approach to thrombectomy in peripheral arteries, a miniaturized Dormia basket was designed which is attached to a 0.021 inch guidewire and can be introduced coaxially by a 3F thin-walled catheter. The device was applied successfully in 6 patients: for percutaneous thrombectomy in 5 patients with peripheral embolization ...

In arteriosclerotic obstruction of the main tibial arteries, the tibial collateral vessels are usually patent, and about 70% of these arteries are potentially suitable for surgical revascularization. The present study aimed at investigating the practical feasibility of a selective revascularization procedure on these tibial muscular arteries (ultraperipheral revascularization). Six lower ...

We embarked on a project to determine the feasibility of treating carotid artery stenosis with the laser and the clinical results of recanalizing peripheral arteries as a by-product of these studies. In addition, we present a 4-year follow-up of nearly 300 percutaneous disk denaturations in sciatic pain patients. Both methods ...

Cigarette smoking is a strong but avoidable risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease and its acute complications. Intermittent claudication is most strikingly associated with smoking. The link between smoking and occlusive peripheral arterial disease is dose-dependent and can be broken by cessation of smoking. The risk of chronic as ...

A computer model for simulating pressure and flow propagation in the human arterial system is developed. The model is based on the one-dimensional flow equations and includes non-linearities arising from geometry and material properties. Fifty five arterial segments, representing the various major arteries, are combined to form the model of ...

An intravascular ultrasonography of the peripheral arterial system was applied following on the coronarography to 56 patients suffering from one or several critical stenoses on the coronary arteries. Though the clinical vascular examination and the subsequent noninvasive examination of the peripheral arterial system of all these patients turned out to ...

Atherosclerotic changes of carotid and lower extremity arteries were studied in the selected industrial population represented by 58 men with arterial hypertension. Affection of peripheral arterial system was detected by means of non-invasive ultrasound methods. Stenoses of carotid arteries were recorded in 19% of cases (11 of 58), stenoses of ...

Color coded duplex sonography has definitive advantages over conventional duplex sonography for investigation of lower limb vessels. It contributes significantly to the non-invasive evaluation of peripheral aneurysms and complications associated with arterial puncture. After arterial graft surgery it is an effective imaging method to check bypass patency and evaluate suspected ...

It is well known that the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) is difficult to visualize radiologically. As the analysis of 50 clinical cases shows, although the main branches of the AICA at the level of the basilar artery can be analyzed angiographically, the peripheral course is only vaguely visible. We ...

Prophylactic therapy with antiplatelet drugs aims to improve both the general prognosis of patients and the local progression of peripheral arterial disease. A recent meta-analysis of 28 trials revealed that the proportional risk reduction in serious vascular events is similar to that in cardio- and cerebrovascular disease. A decreased incidence ...

Over the past 25 years angioscopy has been successfully applied in three areas of Vascular Surgery: The in situ vein femoro-popliteal bypass, thromboembolectomy procedures and in peripheral vascular reconstructions, in order to evaluate the quality of distal anastomoses. During the first one, angioscopy may be used to facilitate the cutting ...

Analysis of flux motion by the laser Doppler technique in the forefoot of healthy controls and patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease was performed by establishing computerized frequency histograms. It was found that the low frequency components (1-10 cycles/min) are caused by local vasomotion. The prevalence of high frequency flux ...

The management of the patient with an acute arterial occlusion or pulmonary embolus presents many challenges. Thrombolytic therapy offers a treatment option that was not available in the past. We now have several nonsurgical options for treating patients with both peripheral arterial and pulmonary arterial occlusions. There are choices as ...

Color-assisted duplex sonography combines color Doppler flow imaging with duplex sonography to rapidly survey the vasculature. Color Doppler sonography displays the motion of flowing blood on a sonogram and is used to visualize directly arterial lumen narrowing of greater than 50%. Absence of Doppler signals signifies arterial occlusion. Preangiographic triage ...

The authors report on 2 patients with chronic arterial occlusion in whom the intravenous administration of the glycosaminoglycan compound FPFD 101 was markedly effective. One patient suffered from thromboembolic episodes of the left hand, and the other had peripheral circulatory impairment related to collagen disease. In these patients, the oral ...

A simple procedure is described for cannulating the aorta abdominalis of cattle through the coccygeal artery, and for positioning the tip of the cannula close to the origin of the ovarian artery. When noradrenaline was infused through the cannula there was a rapid increase in the concentration of progesterone in ...

Regular, wave-like constriction in medium-sized arteries, arterial segmental vasoconstriction (ASV), has been observed at arteriography and described by many authors. We found ASV in arteriograms of the superficial femoral artery in 13 of 107 hypercholesterolaemic patients, enrolled in the Probucol Quantitative Regression Swedish Trial (PQRST). The arteriograms were digitized and ...

Impedance plethysmographic observations have been compared with arteriographic findings in 216 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive diseases. Impedance plethysmographic diagnosis in these patients was obtained by Parulkar's method without apriori knowledge of arteriographic diagnosis. But for minor discrepancy in the anatomical location of the block in few patients, impedance plethysmographic ...

During a five and a half year period, exchange transfusions were performed through the peripheral vessels in 201 of the 214 infants (94%) who required either double volume or partial plasma exchange transfusions. Peripheral vessel exchange transfusion is simple, practicable, and safe with few complications. Technical difficulties in catheterizing the ...

Certain doppler procedures can be used as screening methods, and may be helpful in detecting and locating arterial occlusive disease in the patient with vertebrogenic sciatica or claudication syndromes of the lower extremities. The doppler has become popular in the office setting because it is quick, noninvasive and inexpensive. The ...

The measurement of peripheral resistance (PR) is a useful technique for predicting the outcome of femorodistal bypass. In an attempt, noninvasively, to predict PR, Pulse Generated Runoff (PGR) was used to assess 35 consecutive patients undergoing femorodistal non-reversed vein bypass for critical ischaemia. The PGR subscores (anterior tibial, posterior tibial, ...

This study examines the effect of two different fluids to maintain peripheral arterial line patency at 1 to 2 ml/hr in a randomized controlled trial. Sixty sick newborn infants requiring ventilatory support and frequent blood gas monitoring were randomly assigned to receive either heparinized normal saline (HNS) or heparinized 5% ...

Because the literature comparing the effects of vasodilators on forearm and calf vessels is very scarce, the authors compared different vasodilators used in cardiovascular medicine in a group of volunteers. The peripheral effects were measured in the sitting position by plethysmography at the calf and at the forearm. At the ...

In 50 patients receiving thrombolytic treatment for acute myocardial infarction, peripheral venous blood samples were taken before streptokinase and 2 h later for assay of markers of free radical activity. Coronary arteriography was carried out within 72 h of thrombolysis. In the 42 patients with patent arteries after thrombolysis, the ...