ABSTRACT: Purpose: Stiffening of the arteries results in increased pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the propagation velocity of the blood. Elevated aortic PWV has been shown to correlate with aging and atherosclerotic alterations. We extended a previous non-triggered projection-based cardiovascular MR method and demonstrate its feasibility by mapping the PWV of the ...

Objective-To quantitatively and qualitatively assess the radiographic appearance of the thorax of clinically normal alpaca crias. Animals-21 clinically normal alpaca crias. Procedures-Left-right lateral (LR), right-left lateral (RL), dorsoventral (DV), and ventrodorsal (VD) projections of the thorax were acquired. To account for differences in cria size, measurements of thoracic structures were ...

We report a 68-year-old man who exhibited mild dysarthria and mild right hemiparesis resulted from hypoperfusion of the left hemisphere. An MR angiography showed a severe stenosis at the second portion of left middle cerebral artery (MCA). After the beginning of treatment, the patient suffered from hoarseness, followed by breathing ...

BACKGROUND: The higher prevalence of venous disorders in the left lower limb is currently ascribed to compression of the left common iliac vein (LCIV) by the right common iliac artery (RCIA). This study evaluated the occurrence of LCIV compression by the left common iliac artery (LCIA). METHODS: The anatomy of ...

OBJECTIVES: The goal was to compare stent sizing by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) with that deployed in an experienced setting based upon conventional coronary angiography (CA). BACKGROUND: Stent sizing is currently performed by visual estimation, with infrequent guidance by intravascular ultrasound. CCTA permits quantitative determination of stent length (Stent ...

The aim of this study was to use fractal dimension (FD) analysis on multidetector CT (MDCT) images for quantifying the morphological changes of the pulmonary artery tree in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Fourteen patients with PH and 17 patients without PH as controls were studied. All of the patients ...

Two-dimensional "pencil-beam" navigator, placed on the right hemidiaphragm, is used for free-breathing late gadolinium enhancement of the left atrium in patients with atrial fibrillation. The pencil-beam navigator creates an inflow artifact in the right pulmonary veins and atrial wall that may obscure local pulmonary vein and left atrium scars. To ...

Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis is a systemic granulomatous vasculitis of medium and large-sized arteries, most frequently involving the temporal artery. It presents with headache, fever, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anemia. If untreated, complications like ischemic optic neuritis may even lead to blindness. Although very rare, scalp necrosis ...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA), also called temporal arteritis, is a vasculitis that affects large and middle-sized blood vessels--with predisposition to the involvement of cranial arteries derived from the carotid artery--in individuals older than 50 years of age. Familial aggregation of GCA has been observed. Incidence of GCA is higher in ...

A 24-year-old Japanese woman underwent ilioaxillary bypass with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft and axillocarotid bypass with an autologous saphenous vein graft for severe brain ischemia due to Takayasu arteritis. A method that involved wrapping strips of the graft around the artery was used to prevent stretching of the anastomotic site. ...

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic large-vessel vasculitis that is more frequently observed in young women. We report the case of a 29-year-old woman who required an operation for an aneurysm of the left sinus of Valsalva that ruptured into the left ventricle, for aortic regurgitation, and for left main coronary ...

Non-giant cell arteritis disease of the superficial temporal artery (STA) is rare, appearing only as case reports in the literature. There were nine patients with STA pathology. STA aneurysm (n = 1), pseudoaneurysm (n = 4), thrombosis (n = 1), and arteriovenous malformation (n = 3). Four patients had ligation ...

Pediatric patients with Takayasu arteritis were studied by analyzing clinical presentation, diagnostic images, response to multimodal therapy, and long-term outcome. Fourteen consecutive children and adolescents (mean age: 10 years) were diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis at our institution between 1995 and 2007. They were subjected to clinical and diagnostic studies including ...

A 63-year-old woman developed consecutive visual loss in the presence of chronic renal failure on hemodyalisis, arterial hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension treated with sildenafil. Temporal artery biopsy was negative for giant cell arteritis. Bilateral, consecutive non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy was diagnosed. The implications and potential risk of sildenafil use in ...

Ischaemic heart disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients typically present with chest pain and breathlessness either on exertion or at rest. Cardiac ischaemia can also lead to headache, although this is very rarely its only manifestation. Headache is mostly associated with migraine, cluster and tension ...

Use of TA-US for diagnostic investigation of giant cell arteritis (GCA) has been proposed but remains a matter of debate because of the heterogeneous findings. We retrospectively evaluated operating characteristics of temporal artery ultrasonography (TA-US) in a single teaching hospital. All subjects with suspected GCA had been seen between 2002 ...

BACKGROUND: Vasculitis may cause inflammation in any single or group of blood vessels. Traditionally, giant cell arteritis involves the extracranial branches of the carotid, and Takayasu arteritis affects the aorta and its major branches. These diseases are quite rare, but have the potential to be fatal. OBJECTIVES: We describe the ...

It is not established whether the increased risk of stroke in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) is because of atherosclerosis, persistent arterial inflammation, or an iatrogenic effect of corticosteroids. This creates difficulties in choosing the most appropriate treatment. We report 2 patients with GCA who developed repeated strokes involving ...

Temporal artery biopsy is a widely performed procedure for clinically suspected temporal arteritis. We the report the case of a 79-year-old male with mantle cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma previously treated with chemotherapy under follow-up with right-sided orbital recurrence, who developed right temporal headache, tenderness, and visual symptoms in the right eye. ...

Giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, and Horton disease are rare, idiopathic diseases that cause chronic inflammation and obliteration of large arteries, mainly the aorta and its major branches. Histological examination reveals multinucleated giants cells and clinical presentation is characterized by general symptoms and/or symptoms related to stenosis or occlusion of ...

Two patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) had a malignant course despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. A 63-year-old woman presented with symptoms of headache, jaw claudication, scalp paresthesia, and visual disturbances. A temporal artery biopsy showed GCA. While on prednisone, she suffered ischemic strokes, and serial cerebral angiograms demonstrated bilateral, severe ...

We describe a case of a 75-year-old man with diabetes type II and end-stage renal disease, presenting with a one-month history of blurring of vision in the left eye. Fundus exam showed pale and swollen optic nerve in the left eye, and temporal artery biopsy showed diffuse and extensive calcification ...

Takayasu arteritis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that involves the aorta, its major branches, and the pulmonary artery. We describe three patients with Takayasu arteritis who showed abnormal velocity profile of the thoracic aorta and supra-aortic arteries on time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) phase-contrast MR imaging and velocity mapping techniques. ...

OBJECTIVES: To validate the previously proposed classification criteria for Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura (HSP), childhood polyarteritis nodosa (c-PAN), c-Wegener granulomatosis (c-WG) and c-Takayasu arteritis (c-TA). METHODS: Step 1: retrospective/prospective web-data collection for children with HSP, c-PAN, c-WG and c-TA with age at diagnosis <or=18 years. Step 2: blinded classification by consensus panel ...

Clinical experience with surgical decompression of specific peripheral nerves in the head and neck for the relief of migraine headache symptoms has proven to be effective in most patients. Some patients, however, continue to have residual symptoms after these procedures. In an effort to better understand potential etiologies for failure ...

Alteration of arterial elastic properties is known to occur in patients with arteritis. Velocity vector imaging (VVI) is a new technology to assess multi-dimensional regional mechanics in terms of velocity, strain, strain rate and displacement. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanical properties of the common ...

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is an inflammatory vasculitis of aorta and its branches, its low incidence limited our recognition to this entity. We sometimes can confuse this desease with polyarteritis nodosa and other vasculitis when no conventional "big artery" involved in TA cases. Here we report a 26-year-old man with Takayasu's ...

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS), also called primary CNS vasculitis, is an idiopathic inflammatory condition affecting only intracranial and spinal cord vessels, particularly medium-sized and smaller arteries and arterioles. Angiography and histopathology typically do not reveal evidence of systemic vasculitis.(1,2) Histopathology usually reveals granulomatous inflammation affecting arterioles ...

We describe an autopsy case of Takayasu arteritis with right atrium perforation and injuries of the right common iliac artery and vein caused by cannulation for percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS). The decedent was an 8-year-old girl admitted for examination in respect to chest pain and syncope. During catheter angiography, she ...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary large-vessel vasculitis predominantly seen in the elderly that preferentially involves the external carotid artery and its branches. However, inflammation of the aorta and its branches occurs in a subset of patients although symptoms of aortic involvement may appear years after the initial diagnosis ...

The clinical symptoms of Takayasu's arteritis (TA), which mainly affects the aorta and major aortic branches, vary widely depending on the site and degree of arterial lesions. We present herein the case of a young man whose initial symptom was pulmonary artery occlusion and who manifested TA 6 years later ...

Crohn's disease (CD) and Takayasu's arteritis (TA) are inflammatory granulomatous autoimmune disorders. Simultaneous occurrence of CD and TA in the same individual is rare. We report two cases treated with biologic agents. Case 1: A 16-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. CT angiogram showed thickening of the terminal ...

OBJECTIVE: The subtemporal approach for a superficial temporal artery-to-superior cerebellar artery bypass requires significant superior retraction that can injure the temporal lobe, compromise veins, and cause edema postoperatively. In contrast, the pretemporal approach requires posterolateral retraction that seems to be less injurious to the temporal lobe and better tolerated clinically. ...

Takayasu arteritis is a relatively rare inflammatory arteritis that can be associated with ocular manifestations. We report four patients with proven Takayasu arteritis; two patients manifested hypoperfusive ocular manifestations of ocular ischemic syndrome and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy whilst two others had exudative retinal detachment and papilledema as a result ...

Headache with variable characteristics and associated signs and symptoms may occur in all forms of arteritis. Giant cell arteritis, one of the most common forms, involves branches of the external and, more rarely, of the internal carotid arteries. It occurs in patients over the age of 50 and is characterized ...

BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography of temporal arteries is not commonly used in the approach of patients with suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA) in clinical practice. A meta-analysis of primary studies available through April 2004 concluded that ultrasonography could indeed be helpful in diagnosing GCA. We specifically re-examined the diagnostic value of the ...

Takayasu arteritis is a large vessel systemic granulomatous vasculitis characterized by stenosis or obliteration of large and medium sized arteries. It commonly involves elastic arteries such as the aorta and its main branches. Renal artery involvement is rare and has not been reported in a child. We report a 12-year-old ...

INTRODUCTION: We describe a patient with a known diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis who presented late in the third trimester. She was delivered by caesarean section and her postpartum course was complicated by aortic dissection. METHOD: This report is the first to describe peripartum aortic dissection in a patient with known ...

We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with isolated chest pain on minimal exertion over the last 2 months. A coronary angiography revealed severe narrowing of the left coronary artery ostium and increased thickness of the ascending aortic wall was demonstrated by transoesophageal echocardiography, suggesting the diagnosis ...

Takayasu's arteritis can involve the ostia of coronary arteries. We report a patient with Takayasu's arteritis involving the ostia of three large coronary arteries who was successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a drug-eluting stent (DES) and had a good clinical outcome after 12 months. A 37-year-old male ...

Chronic idiopathic granulomatous arteritis of the large vessels - and, specifically, "Takayasu's arteritis" and "giant cell arteritis" - is an unusual condition that rarely leads to stroke and is only occasionally associated with Crohn's disease. We report here on a unique case of a 56-year-old man with a 25-year history ...

Coronary arterial involvement is rare in Takayasu's arteritis. We describe successful coronary arterial bypass grafting in a 15 year teenager with Takayasu's arteritis and unstable angina because of stenosis of the main stem of the left coronary artery.

We report a 40-year-old woman with saddle shaped-nose and bilateral deformed "cauliflower" ears who was admitted to our clinic because of arthralgia, fatigue, weakness and coldness in both arms, recurrent swelling and pain of the nose and both auricles. On physical examination, bruits were heard over both carotid arteries and ...

A 43-year-old woman reported pain in the right hypochondrium, which had started 3 years before and had been worsening for the past few days. Claudication in the superior and inferior limbs, diffuse myalgia, dyspnea, precordialgia followed by dizziness and visual turbidity were added to the clinical picture. In the physical ...

A 79-year-old male presented with symptoms suggesting giant cell arteritis (GCA) and elevation of acute-phase reactants. Bilateral superficial temporal artery (STA) biopsies were negative for GCA. However, the right-sided biopsy showed a STA dissection. Spontaneous isolated STA dissection has never been reported previously. The pertinent available literature is also discussed.

We report a 68-year-old woman who was incidentally diagnosed as having an occlusion in the right internal carotid artery on magnetic resonance angiography. On ultrasound, the right common carotid artery showed narrow and tortuous lumens, which suggest the uneven thickening of the arterial wall in the nonactive stage of Takayasu's ...

Takayasu arteritis is a rare, idiopathic, and chronic inflammatory large vessel vasculitis, involving mainly the aorta and its major branches. Takayasu arteritis predominantly affects women. The clinical presentation is characterized by an acute phase with constitutional symptoms, followed by a chronic phase in which symptoms relate to stenosis or occlusion ...

The objective of the study is to report a case of atrial myxoma with bloodstream metastasis misdiagnosed to be Takayasu arteritis. A 23-year-old woman manifested with fever, repetitive vasocerebral events and extremities ischemic signs (claudication, difference of BP in arms and absence of pulse) for 5 years. Imaging studies revealed ...

The testes and the spermatic cord of raccoons (Procyon lotor, kits to adult breeders; n = 48) were examined. Segmental arteritis confined to the extratesticular portions of the testicular artery was present in raccoons of all ages. The arterial changes were seen in laboratory-confined experimental and control animals as well ...

The aim of this report is to demonstrate the successful endovascular treatment of bilateral renal artery stenosis due to Takayasu arteritis by cutting balloon angioplasty in a 5-year-old child with mid-term follow-up.