Takayasu's arteritis, the nonspecific occlusive disease originally believed to affect young Oriental women exclusively, was identified in a 19-year-old man who had severe involvement of the aortic arch and its branches. Successful surgical treatment was accomplished with a bypass from the ascending aorta to the supraceliac abdominal aorta using a ...

Cranial arteritis (CA) presenting as sudden blindness is well documented, and early recognition of this entity in an elderly patient with visual loss or diplopia is of critical importance. This entity presents a difficult diagnostic problem when temporal artery biopsy is negative, as in our case, or when the erythrocyte ...

An extract of Candida albicans isolated from a patient with typical mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS) can produce coronary arteritis in a mouse when injected intraperitoneally. An unusual feature of this arteritis is that it is granulomatous, shows no fibrinoid change and is confined to the coronary arteries. These characteristics ...

Arterial emboli, fragmentation of both the arterial and venous blood columns, and bilateral cherry red spot were seen in the fundus of a patient with progressive onset of visual loss. Initially, the patient, a 56-year-old housewife, was thought to have temporal arteritis. Her clinical condition worsened on steroids which was ...

Takayasu's disease is a nonspecific arteritis of unknown cause with predilection for the aortic arch and its branches; approximately 20% of those affected are children or adolescents, predominantly females. The purpose of this article is to report the case of a young girl in which the mode of presentation was ...

Progressive peripheral arterial insufficiency developed in a 53-year-old man who was referred for investigation of fever of unknown origin. Angiograms showed a smooth beaded appearance to both deep femoral arteries and biopsy of an occluded popliteal artery disclosed the lesions of giant cell arteritis. An excellent clinical response was obtained ...

A patient in whom asthma preceded the development of multiple pulmonary and systemic artery aneurisms died after dissection of the aorta. At necropsy he was found to have widespread arteritis of unknown aetiology affecting many large and medium-sized pulmonary and systemic vessels as well as a few microscopic ones. Endarteritis ...

Takayasu arteritis with renal artery involvement was the cause of severe persistent hypertension in eight children under 12 years of age. Features of severe hypertension dominated the clinical picture. Unequal or absent pulses were found in three patients. An irregular contour of the descending thoracic aorta on the chest roentgenogram ...

The anatomy of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and its branches is described. On the vertebral angiogram, displacement of these vessels is a sign of corresponding displacement of the temporal horn, which in turn is an indication of a mass involving the temporal lobe, diencephalon, or midbrain. Specific angiographic criteria ...

Sixty-four temporal arteries were studied. 36 were from patients with clinically active temporal arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica; 22 showed histological changes of temporal arteritis, 12 of which were in an active stage. 28 arteries, none of which showed histological changes, were taken at necropsy or from patients with unrelated disease. ...

Circumscribed atherosclerotic involvement of secondary and tertiary branches of major cerebral arteries is a common angiographic finding whose nature is rarely in question. However, widespread and severe changes are unusual, and radiologic interpretation may be more difficult. We recently cared for a patient whose angiogram demonstrated extensive involvement of leptomeningeal ...

A doppler ultrasound flow detector can be helpful in performing a temporal artery biopsy. The anatomical location of the arteries can be traced on each side of the patient's head during the preoperative stage, and the flow pattern can be compared with the findings on simple palpation. Selection of a ...

A case of anterior spinal artery occlusion associated with acute Schistosoma mansoni infection is reported, and it is suggested that there is a direct relationship. It is postulated that there is initially an arteritis which leads to obstruction of either the anterior spinal artery itself, its branches, or one or ...

Three patients who underwent superficial temporal-middle cerebral artery anastomosis demonstrated a dissection of the intima of the superficial temporal artery at operation. The fact that this abnormality had not been appreciated previously in surgical series and that it and other anatomical variants may account for "technical failures" of anastomoses is ...

Temporal bones, brains, and kidneys of 40 patients over 50 years of age were studied histopathologically, paying special attention to angiosclerotic changes. The histopathologic findings were correlated with audiometric and manometric records obtained while the patients were alive. A close relation existed among the lumen narrowing of the internal auditory ...

The use of cryosurgery applied to the sphenopalatine area (artery and ganglion) plus the superficial temporal and occipital branches of the external carotid artery has proven worthwhile in a majority of patients in whom this procedure has been used since 1968. Experience includes almost 700 procedures in more than 500 ...

A 47-year-old man with chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible is described. The patient had frequent episodes of acute and subacute exacerbation at varying intervals for a period of six years in spite of extended antibiotic therapy. Intraarterial infusion of antibiotics through the superficial temporal artery also failed to cause any ...

Clinical and morphologic features are described in two relatively young adults with aortic regurgitation secondary to chronic aortitis. The regurgitation in each was severe enough to require aortic valve replacement. Both patients had normochromic, normocytic anemia, considerable weight loss despite congestive cardiac failure, and negative serologic tests for syphilis. These ...

A patient with Takayasu's aortitis and angina pectoris due to severe narrowing of the right and left coronary arterial ostia is described. Takayasu's arteritis produces a panaortitis, with thickening of the adventitia predominating, and an inflammatory cell infiltrate involving the adventitia, outer media and vasa vasorum. Narrowing of the coronary ...

Takayasu's aortitis is an arterial inflammatory disease of arteries of unknown etiology. Fainting is a common symptom and has been attributed to ypersensitivity of the baroreflex. We studied baroreflex sensitivity in 11 patients with Takayasu's aortitis and compared it with that of eight control subjects of comparable age. Baroreflex sensitivity ...

Radiographs of the aorta and abdominal arteries were obtained from a normal anesthetized pony following catheterization of a femoral artery for nonselective, semiselective or selective arteriography. The arteries had smooth borders and regular diameters and the branches of the cranial mesenteric artery could be followed distally on the angiogram through ...

Four cases of Takayasu's arteritis in which systemic artery-pulmonary artery communication is demonstrated on thoracic aortography are presented. Pulmonary arterial involvement in Takayasu's arteritis seems to be more frequent than generally appreciated (12% in the present series). Demonstration of the communication in the absence of evidence of other causes of ...

Angiograms of 10 patients with giant cell arteritis who had large-artery and aortic abnormalities were reviewed. The affected arteries had multiple stenotic areas, and occlusions were relatively common, usually located at the end of tapered stenotic segments. Bridging collateral arteries usually refilled the distal portion of the occluded artery. The ...

Segments of temporal arteries removed from patients with the characteristic systemic findings of temporal arteritis were studied to determine whether they showed "skip areas" lacking evidence of granulomatous inflammation, as has been frequently described in this disease, or showed diagnostic evidence of inflammation throughout the entire length of the artery. ...

A 58-year-old man developed herpes zoster ophthalmicus with delayed hemiparesis. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed the presence of a vasculitis. Electron microscopy of the temporal artery failed to reveal viral particles. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with delayed arteritis appeared to be a contiguous spread of vasculitis to the carotid system and not ...

There are two acute ischemic processes of the optic nerve. Vascular pseudopapillitis or ischemic optic neuropathy is characterized by a palid papilledema, followed by an optic atrophy, by a reduction of the visual acuity and fascicular defects of the visual field. Arteritis temporalis is characterized by the same ophthalmologic signs ...

We report an aortographic-pathological correlation in a patient with Takayasu arteritis. The inflammatory activity in Takayasu arteritis gradually subsides and accordingly, the histological appearance goes through a cycle of changes, ranging from acute florid inflammation to an old scarred vessel. At gross pathological inspection, the aortic intima frequently shows longitudinal ...

A distinctive form of necrotizing and granulomatous phlebitis of a segment of large intestine is described in a previously healthy 36-year-old woman who presented with sudden severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea. At operation the caecum and ascending colon were oedematous and inflamed and right hemicolectomy was performed. Microscopically there was ...

A distinct arterial lesion was observed in the large abdominal muscular arteries in three autopsied patients. The salient histopathologic feature of this arterial lesion was either partial or total mediolysis. This was accompanied by a linear fibrin deposit between the media and adventitia and a variable nonpleomorphic inflammatory infiltrate. Total ...

Two cases of Takayasu's disease are presented which were successfully resolved by a Dacron graft from the right hypogastric artery to the right internal carotid artery. We recommend this bypass procedure of connecting the hypogastric artery to one of the aortic branches. Medical treatment with antibiotics, steroids and anti-coagulants has ...

Arteritis of the aged (giant cell arteritis) masquerades as a degenerative, infectious, neoplastic or even functional disorder in the elderly. In the absence of obliterative vascular changes, the diagnosis is often overlooked when too rigid diagnostic criteria are employed. Four elderly women presented with fever of unexplained origin as the ...

Until 1972, Kawasaki disease, or acute febrile infantile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS), was considered in Japan to be a nonfatal disease with a favorable prognosis. Based on the findings from two autopsy cases of MCLS, we believe that sudden and unexpected death during convalescence may be due to arterial ...

Pulmonary arteritis and secondary pulmonary hypertension are common in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. These sequelae of arteritis have not been previously emphasized in the literature. In some patients, particularly young and middle-aged women, disproportionately severe involvement of the pulmonary arteries may be the cause of pulmonary hypertension of unknown etiology.

According to recent investigations a stenosing arteritis of the subclavian-axillary arteries almost always is only one localization and an extreme variant of a systemic vascular disease, affecting aorta and large arteries, by pathologists called giant-cell arteritis or non-syphilitic aortitis and arteritis. The clinical manifestation of this disease process is often ...

Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in 38 cases of aortitis syndrome. The values of resting peripheral vein blood PRA were 32.2 +/- 4.2 (SE) mmug/ml. These values were 3 times higher than those of normal subjects. Hypertension due to renal arterial stenosis was observed in 18 cases. Their resting ...

Twenty-two patients with ischemic chiasmal syndrome (ICS) have been examined by means of magnification angiography and polytomographic encephalography. The causes of ICS may be divided into 5 categories: (1) mechanical compression of the chiasm by ectatic redundant anterior cerebral arteries, (2) atherosclerotic vascular occlusions, (3) optochiasmal arachnoidal fibrosis, (4) various ...

Clinical and pathological studies have been conducted on two brothers with unusual encephalopathy of Binswanger's type. The disease started in the third decade with steady progressive course leading to death in eight or nine years. The clinical picture was summarized as a combination of organic dementia, extrapyramidal disorders associated with ...

Transient bilateral corneal oedema due to ocular hypotension is reported in giant-cell arteritis. The greatly impaired visual acuity gradually returned to normal on steroid medication. A visual field defect remained in the left eye. The diagnosis of giant-cell arteritis was confirmed by arterial biopsy. The disease involved the pericranial arteries ...

Of 248 patients with giant cell arteritis, 34 had evidence that the disease affected the aorta or its major branches. Symptoms suggestive of large artery involvement were intermittent claudication of an extremity, paresthesias, and Raynaud's phenomenon. Physical findings included absent or decreased large artery pulses and bruits over large arteries. ...

The chest roentgenographic findings in Takayasu's arteritis include widening of the ascending aorta, contour irregularities of the descending aorta, arotic calcifications, pulmonary arterial changes, rib notching, and hilar lymphadenopathy. The single most important diagnostic sign is a segmental calcification outlining a localized or diffuse narrowing of the aorta. The other ...

Retroperitoneeal fibrosis (R.P.F.) and a positive direct Coombs test developed in a patient who had received 1.4 kg. of alpha-methyldopa over a period of 5 years. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated deposits of IgG, IgM, and IgA on the collagen fibres of the R.P.F. Biopsy speciments of the temporal artery, the right ...

Although pulmonary artery disease in Takayasu's arteritis has been described since 1940, it has received little attention. The clinical, hemodynamic, and angiographic features of the pulmonary involvement were studied in 22 patients with systemic arterial disease. Pulmonary involvement was found in 50 percent of the cases. Moderate pulmonary hypertension was ...

The clinical findings and the necropsy report of a 14-year-old girl suffering from Takayasu's arteriopathy have been presented. In addition to the typical arterial changes, thickening and puckering of the aortic valve and a patch of thickening in the left atrial endocardium were shown at necropsy. The histology of this ...

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic vasculitis involving the aorta and its main branches, the pulmonary arteries, and the coronary tree, and needs to be considered in a young patient with angina, in particular when pulses are absent. This case illustrates the limitations of exercise testing in diagnosing the extent of ...

Aneurysms of the superficial temporal artery usually occur after trauma to the area and present as a pulsatile mass. This lesion should be considered in a differential diagnosis of all forehead and temporal masses, to prevent undue hemorrhage during excision. The recommended treatment is surgical, and may be safely performed ...

Nine patients who have died of giant cell arteritis (GCA) are described. Two patients died of myocardial infarction caused by GCA in the coronary arteries. Another two patients died of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta where GCA were found in the lesions of the aorta wall. Giant cell arteritis causing ...

Sera from 21 patients with arteritis of the aorta and great vessels were studied. The mean level of IgG, IgM, and IgA immunoglobulin was raised. The incidence of rheumatoid and antinuclear factor and antibodies to aorta, liver, and thyroid was not raised.

Necrotizing arteritis with giant cells, involving the aorta, pulmonary and coronary arteries, and coronary, splenic, and renal arterioles was found at necropsy in a 74-year-old male who had died with severe haemolytic anaemia associated with cold haemagglutinins. The clinical and pathological features of this case are shared by well-recognized forms ...

Progressive degenerative changes in ageing temporal arteries are described. These changes are usually severe in elderly patients, hence their presence in diagnostic biopsies provides no evidence of temporal arteritis past or present. In two patients in the series of random necropsies examined there were changes in the temporal arteries identical ...

A previously undescribed disease of mice, characterized by acute interstitial myocarditis, and by periarterial pulmonary lesions, is reported. The transmissibility of this disease has been shown, but a large proportion of inoculated mice appears to be resistant. Microorganisms, rickettsial in form but not positively identified as such, are consistently present ...