A 54-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for hypotension and anemia which was due to intermittent hemorrhage from a lumbar drain. She had undergone open nephrectomy ten days earlier in another hospital for the right dysfunctional kidney with staghorn calculi. Ultrasound in our hospital showed a right retroperitoneal hematoma. Surgical ...

Life-threatening intra-abdominal hemorrhage following ultrasonographically guided percutaneous renal biopsy is extremely rare and, most of the time, is due to renal vascular injury. Injury of other abdominal arteries during percutaneous renal biopsy is exceedingly rare. We report herein a case of left superior colonic artery injury during ultrasonographically guided percutaneous ...

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a disease that consists of a broad spectrum of different entities with different pathophysiologies that require varied approaches to diagnosis and treatment. The two most common causes of RAS are fibromuscular dysplasia and atherosclerosis, which consist of approximately 10 and 90% of RAS, respectively. Renovascular ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of renal artery stenosis (RAS) by performing routine renal angiography in a cohort of patients undergoing clinically indicated non-emergent coronary angiography. A secondary goal was to define potential variables which may predict RAS in this cohort. METHODS: This was a prospective observational cross-sectional study whereby ...

Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in Morocco. Main blood vessels are rarely affected; the few mentioned cases are aneurysmal. We report a 17-year-old patient presenting with renovascular arterial hypertension, revealed thanks to the discovery of an occlusion of the right renal artery in Duplex scan. During the intervention, the observation ...

Three-dimensional visualization of renal arteries has recently been established by helical contrast-enhanced multiple detector-row computed tomographical angiography (MDCTA) in adults. So far, no information is available on its use in children. We reported two children with renal artery stenosis detected by 64-channel MDCTA. The first patient probably had fibromuscular dysplasia ...

Patients undergoing repair of thoracoabdominal (TAA) or visceral aortic segment aneurysms typically require reconstruction of the renal arteries. The use of balloon expandable stents (BES) has been proposed as an alternative to endarterectomy or bypass for renal artery reconstruction (RAR) during open aortic aneurysm repair. We report technical aspects and ...

Symptomatic compression of the celiac trunk by crura of the diaphragm is a rare disorder. Even more infrequent external compression of renal arteries is found. Although the indication for surgical therapy is controversially discussed in the literature for celiac artery compression syndrome, it is unequivocally for renal artery entrapment. We ...

The aim of this case report is to present the additional value provided by CT virtual endoscopy and 3D stereoscopic visualisation when compared with 2D visualisations in the assessment of coronary stenting. A 64-year old patient was treated with left coronary stenting 8 years ago and recently followed up with ...

The objective of this study was to analyze the use of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) placement for the treatment of renal artery in-stent restenosis (RA-ISR). The optimal treatment of RA-ISR has not been fully elucidated to date. We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients from our institution who underwent treatment of RA-ISR with ...

A 64-year-old former heavy smoker with a history significant for hypertension was found to have a 2.2-cm left renal artery aneurysm. Computed tomographic arteriography with 3-dimensional reconstruction determined the management of this patient, who ultimately underwent successful ex vivo left renal artery aneurysm repair with autotransplantation.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). The role of hypothermia in postoperative renal function remains controversial. We set out to examine the effect of varying cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) temperatures on early postoperative renal function. Patients undergoing first-time CABG between 2002 and 2006 ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of our study was to study the relevance of a systematic aorto-femoral colour Doppler ultrasound (DUS) in the evaluation of first renal transplant receivers. METHODS: We prospectively studied 100 consecutive first renal transplant (RT) receivers. All patients had a preoperative physical examination with a careful vascular system ...

BACKGROUND: Infection of a renal artery stent and pseudoaneurysm is extremely uncommon, with four reports in the literature. We present a fifth case and the complex management resulting in kidney salvage. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 56-year-old female underwent right renal artery stenting for hypertension. Postoperatively, she developed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus infection, ...

INTRODUCTION: Renal artery (RA) anatomy plays a critical role in selecting donors. During the present study, we sought to evaluate the physiological role of RA origination angle for the presence of an accessory RA or its early branching. METHODS: During the present cross-sectional study (August 2005-October 2007), 143 candidates for ...

Surgical revascularization of the upper extremity is uncommon, comprising only 4 to 18 per cent of all vascular surgical interventions. Patients with renal failure have higher rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular and peripheral arterial disease resulting from chronic inflammation, endothelial damage associated with hemodialysis, and vascular trauma. Upper extremity arterial disease ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of a renal artery dissection presenting as new-onset hypertension and severe flank pain during an IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Private, university-affiliated infertility clinic. PATIENT(S): A previously healthy 39-year-old woman with secondary infertility undergoing her second IVF/ICSI cycle. INTERVENTION(S): Renal ...

A 79-year-old man with a 6-cm juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm was treated by endovascular means with a fenestrated stent graft. The completion angiogram revealed a left renal artery occlusion. A retroperitoneal surgical approach allowed for retrograde catheterization of the occluded covered stent through the left renal artery. The covered stent ...

PURPOSE: To report long-term clinical and morphologic results after stent placement for spontaneous renal artery dissection (SRAD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1991 and 2006, 16 consecutive patients (13 men; mean age, 42 y +/- 12) presented with SRAD in 17 arteries. All patients had uncontrolled hypertension at the time of ...

A variety of different imaging techniques have been used for the diagnosis of renal vascular diseases. The wide range of renal vascular diseases include congenital renal artery and vein variations, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), renal artery stenosis, renal vein thrombosis, vasculitis, and traumatic injuries, such as dissection and vascular pedicle ...

We report a case of ruptured renal artery aneurysm successfully treated by emergent transcatheter embolization with microcoils. A 66-year-old woman was referred for emergency treatment after presenting with sudden-onset left flank pain and vomiting. Blood examination showed anemia. Computed tomography demonstrated a partly calcified mass with massive retroperitoneal hematoma. With ...

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) of the renal arteries is classically associated with secondary hypertension in younger individuals, which may be treatable and even curable by percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty. Angiography of these renal arteries often displays "beaded" luminal abnormalities. The angiographic findings, however, may not accurately reflect the severity or precise ...

Percutaneous renal artery stenting is a common means of treating atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. However, renal artery restenosis remains a frequent problem. The optimal treatment of restenosis has not been established and may involve percutaneous renal artery angioplasty or deployment of a second stent. Other modalities include cutting balloon angioplasty, ...

Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis affects between 2 and 4 million people in the United States alone and likely has a higher prevalence than previously thought. Renal artery stenosis has been increasingly recognized in recent years, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. It has been associated with hypertension, renal dysfunction, and ...

Significant renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a well accepted cause of deterioration of arterial hypertension and of renal insufficiency. Just recently, more interest has been focused on the impact of RAS on structural heart disease and patient survival. Technical improvements of diagnostic and interventional endovascular tools have lead to a ...

A 12-year-old boy presented with severe arterial hypertension due to a severe subsegmental renal artery stenosis. Treatment consisted of selective embolization of the stenosed polar artery, which resulted in near normalization of the arterial pressures. Renal artery stenosis should always be considered, even in young adolescents, as a cause for ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the diagnostic value of novel velocimetric colour duplex sonography indices in the screening of renal artery stenosis (RAS). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all consecutively studied patients at our centre with suspected RAS, and a colour duplex sonography carried out at less than 4 months ...

A 73-year-old man with resistant hypertension and impaired renal function underwent stenting for right renal artery (RRA) stenosis. Two years later, he presented with uncontrolled hypertension and worse renal function. Renal arteriogram revealed RRA stent fracture with in-stent restenosis. Another stent was deployed. Four months later, however, renal arteriogram revealed ...

A 4-year-old boy with hypertension due to renal artery stenosis and neurofibromatosis type 1 is presented for its rarity. Renal artery stenosis due to neurofibromatosis is underrecognized and may masquerade Takayasu's arteritis in Asian children.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-inflammatory, non-atherosclerotic vascular disease that has been reported in renal and internal carotid arteries and in almost every arterial bed, primarily affecting young to middle-aged people, mainly female individuals. These patients may be asymptomatic or may present with hypertension. A 29 year-old hypertensive woman was ...

OBJECTIVE: To critically evaluate the effectiveness of placing nonspecific deep corticomedullary sutures in the setting of major vascular and collecting system injury during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). We also aimed to evaluate the incidence of ischaemic injury to the remaining renal remnant because of these sutures, as many laparoscopic centres ...

Renal artery occlusion following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair with suprarenal fixation is uncommon. We report one patient who was found to develop renal artery occlusion and parenchymal infarction 6 months after repair using an endovascular graft with suprarenal fixation. Our patient underwent emergent endovascular repair of a symptomatic 6 ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of accelerated free-breathing and breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the main renal arteries compared with digital subtraction angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Renal MR angiograms and catheter angiograms of 47 patients (19 men, 28 women; mean age, 68.1 ...

In chronic aorto-iliac occlusive disease, pre-existing renal artery stenosis may give rise to sufficient development of collateral blood flow and prevent ischaemic symptoms for a long time and therefore may cause delay in diagnosis. An early diagnosis of aorto-iliac disease is necessary in order to avoid fatal outcome. Duplex scanning ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous transarterial embolization for the treatment of renal arterial bleeding in patients with renovascular injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The archives of our angiography suite were retrospectively reviewed, and 15 patients who had undergone renal embolization due to renal artery bleeding were included in the ...

PURPOSE: This study assessed differences in outcomes between left renal artery clipping and stapling techniques in hand-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (HALDN). PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 2003 to 2007, 55 HALDN procedures were performed by one laparoscopy-trained urologist. During the first 30 months, 27 consecutive HALDN patients underwent renal artery ...

Microscopic polyangiitis is a vasculitis which primarily affects capillaries, venules or arterioles. Involvement of small and medium-sized arteries may also occur. A 70-year-old Japanese female with a fever and cough was diagnosed with pneumonia and antibiotics were administered. Her symptoms initially improved, but her fever recurred and she experienced malaise ...

Nutcracker syndrome is a rare entity caused by extrinsic compression on the left renal vein as it crosses between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta. It can clinically present with flank pain and hematuria. Accepted treatments include open vascular bypass procedures or endoluminal stenting. We present the first description, ...

This article examines the status regarding prevalence, mechanisms, clinical manifestations and management of renovascular hypertension at this point in time. It should be viewed as a work in progress. As with most complex conditions, clinicians must integrate the results of published literature studies while considering each patient's specific features and ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether complete embolic protection is superior to partial embolic protection for preservation of kidney function during renal artery angioplasty and stenting. BACKGROUND: Renal artery angioplasty and stenting (RAAS) is a common treatment for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. However, RAAS may be ...

The pathophysiologic basis of hypertension secondary to a renal artery aneurysm has not been established. Changes in renal artery geometry and resultant hemodynamic alterations activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and lead to hypertension. Hemodynamic pressure losses created by blood flowing through an abnormally structured renal artery with an aneurysm predictably would ...

Although intraoperative hemorrhage is a well-recognized complication of open partial nephrectomy, postoperative hemorrhage caused by a renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) after open partial nephrectomy is rare. We presented a case of RAP occurring in an 84-year-old man 3 weeks after right open partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The pseudoaneurysmal ...

OBJECTIVES: Demonstrate the usability of a new polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based MR-compatible guidewire for renal artery catheterization, angioplasty, and stenting under MR-guidance using MR-visible markers, in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The new 0.035'' guidewire with fiber-reinforced PEEK core, a soft tip, and a hydrophilic coating was used. Paramagnetic markings ...

This study aims to identify the effect of stiffness on renal artery Doppler sonograms by using a curve fitting approach. The study includes 20 patients with suspected renovascular hypertension. Each patient underwent recordings during renal artery examinations before and after administration of Captopril 25 mg (Kapril tablet, MN Pharmaceuticals, Istanbul, ...

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown donor and recipient outcomes to be equivalent for laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) and open donor nephrectomy. In the past, LDN has been avoided in the procurement of the right kidney or organs with multiple arteries. This study compares procurement of right and left kidneys as well ...

BACKGROUND: A kidney with a single artery is preferred for donation. We wondered how often the donor is left with double or triple arteries, and whether this has any implications for long-term kidney function. METHODS: The consecutive living donors from 1984 to 1988 were reevaluated for kidney function and outcome. ...

We report two novel cases of severe arterial thrombotic episodes occurring in two women with severe hypofibrinogenemia, not linked to the administration of replacement therapy. The first patient had sudden acute occlusion of the anterior branch of left renal artery with infarction of the antero-lateral region of the upper part ...

This study was conducted to determine the outcome of adjunctive renal artery stenting for renal artery coverage at the time of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Between August 2000 and August 2008, 29 patients underwent elective EVAR using bifurcated Zenith stent grafts (Cook, Indianapolis, Ind) and simultaneous renal artery ...

To assess outcomes and develop duplex scan criteria that will reliably determine the luminal status of covered and uncovered renal stents following fenestrated and branched endovascular repair. A prospective database of patients treated with fenestrated and branched endografts between 2001 and 2006 was reviewed. All patients with evidence of renal ...

BACKGROUND: Calcifications in arteries are thought to represent atherosclerosis. METHODS: Consecutive abdominal tomographic scans performed during a 4-month period were evaluated and assessed for renal artery calcifications (RAC). Scans that showed calcifications were evaluated for renal artery narrowing and for various characteristics of the atherosclerotic plaque. RESULTS: Of 350 consecutive ...