Venous air embolism is a serious complication during a neurosurgical procedure. Here is a case of a massive venous air embolism causing cardiac arrest in the supine position surgery. Identifying the alternative inflation and collapse of the sinus and taking emergency measures to avoid catastrophic result are important.

Aortic arch pseudoaneurysm is a rare condition but carries a high risk of rupture. We report a case of a 45-year-old man with aortic arch pseudoaneurysm between left common carotid artery (LCCA) and left subclavian artery (LSA), in which a endovascular stent graft combined with double chimneys covered stents were ...

An alternative technique for minimally invasive aortic valve replacement and atrial septal defect repair is described. After a 5-cm skin incision, a key-lock type sternotomy is made. Excellent exposure of the right atrium and aortic valve was achieved. The configuration of the mini-sternotomy (or the lock) limits the movement of ...

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) of the cavernous sinus are acquired arteriovenous shunts between the dural branches of the internal and external carotid arteries and the cavernous sinus. These fistulas may present with cortical venous reflux, but more commonly drain antegradely toward the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV). Transvenous embolization is the ...

Type B aortic dissections complicated by pain, malperfusion, or aneurysm expansion mandate surgical intervention. Success of this therapy is predicated on exclusion and thrombosis of the false lumen of the aneurysm. This report presents a case in which cessation of flow was achieved using a covered stent graft to close ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between apolipoprotein (a) isoforms and early atherosclerosis, assessed by carotid artery intima-media thickness in a sample of adults of the general population of Burgos, a city in the north of Spain. DESIGN AND METHODS: Lipids, lipoprotein (a), number of ...

Vascular bypass is an accepted surgical procedure for treatment of hand and digital ischemia that is the result of identifiable arterial disease. Although vein grafts have traditionally been used as vascular conduits for reconstruction, arterial grafts present a better alternative, physiologically, for reconstruction and may result in superior outcomes. Arteries ...

This study is a retrospective evaluation of an alternative technique for angioplasty of thrombosed loop hemodialysis grafts through a single vascular access. This technique can provide balloon angioplasty to the puncture site without any additional vascular accesses by using a T-shaped balloon catheter and can simplify thrombectomy procedures.

Abstract A 72-year-old male presented with progressive right axial proptosis and red eye. Catheter angiography demonstrated an intraorbital arteriovenous fistula (IAVF) distal to the central retinal artery (CRA). Transvenous embolisation following direct surgical exposure of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) resulted in rapid resolution of his symptoms and signs. Transvenous ...

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is a rare but serious complication. Surgery is the first-line therapy in symptomatic obstructive mechanical valve thrombosis, thrombolytic therapy has been used as an alternative to surgical treatment. In this case report we described a 47-year-old woman who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft and mitral ...

Giant vein graft aneurysms occur infrequently after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and are most often detected incidentally during coronary angiography for suspected angina or as a mediastinal mass on chest radiographs. Hereby, we describe the percutaneous treatment of a huge right coronary artery saphenous vein bypass graft aneurysm by ...

Critical pulmonary valve stenosis (CPVS) and atrial septal defect (ASD) is an uncommon form of congenital heart disease. Concurrent transcatheter pulmonary valvuplasty and closure of secundum atrial septal defect appears to be an interesting alternative to surgical correction. We present the simultaneous balloon valvuloplasty of critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) with ...

Over the past few years transcatheter heart valve implantation (THI) has become an alternative treatment for aortic valve replacement. The THI does not require a midline sternotomy or cardiopulmonary bypass and can be performed through a transfemoral or a transapical approach. In case of severe peripheral vascular disease the transapical ...

Penetrating injuries of the subclavian artery are associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Endovascular treatment with covered stents (stent grafts) has emerged as an effective alternative to surgery, but this new technique is not exempt from complications. We report the case of a male gunshot victim, treated by ...

Purpose : To report the use of a fenestrated cuff for endovascular treatment of a proximal type I endoleak after previous endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) that included 2 suprarenal cuffs and 2 Palmaz stents. Case Report : A 71-year-old man had been treated for an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with ...

Open stent grafting is an alternative treatment for extensive thoracic aortic replacement. However, this procedure is associated with a high incidence of spinal cord injury, which has limited its application. Multiple factors have been suggested to explain the risk of spinal cord injury, including deep delivery of the stent graft, ...

The middle meningeal artery (MMA) is the most proximal and largest branch of the internal maxillary artery (IMA). It courses superiorly to the foramen spinosum making a sharp right angle bend entering the skull. The MMA has frontal, parietal and petrosal branches, the frontal branch being identified by its anterior ...

IntroductionTransarterial embolization with Onyx is a relatively safe and increasingly common method of treating cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) and arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Cranial neuropathy resulting from this procedure has been reported.Case reportsThree case histories are presented in two patients treated for a DAVF and an AVM near the skull ...

Ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm presenting with complete third nerve palsy is genuinely rare. We herein report one such case resulting from an interpeduncular haematoma. Three months after the coiling, the patient had fully recovered. This case adds a new branch to the aetiology-to-prognostic decision-making tree of third nerve palsies.

OBJECTIVE: Recovery of aneurysm-induced oculomotor nerve paresis (ONP) after endosaccular coiling has not yet been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that affect the outcome of ONP after endovascular treatment of posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical ...

We report a 10-year-old girl who developed persistent hoarseness after stent placement for the treatment of left pulmonary artery stenosis. Laryngoscopy performed 21 months after stent placement revealed left vocal cord paralysis, presumed secondary to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by the stent. Pediatric cardiologists should be reminded ...

There have been rapid advances in oral anticoagulation. The oral factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban and apixaban and the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran recently have been rigorously evaluated. These novel anticoagulants will usher in a new paradigm for perioperative anticoagulation. Perioperative blood conservation in cardiac surgery recently has been highlighted ...

Creating an experimental model of a type B aortic dissection with a minimally invasive endovascular procedure in swine to help future evaluation of therapies for aortic dissection. Aortic dissection was created in 14 swine using endovascular procedures only. Under fluoroscopy, a modified 10F outer catheter with a 14 G stiffening ...

We report a 74-year-old woman who presented with recurrent isolated abducens nerve paresis. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the right abducens nerve was sandwiched between the right internal carotid artery and a persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) variant, which might have led to neurovascular compression of the abducens nerve, resulting ...

A 69-year-old woman without diabetes or hypertension presented with a large posterior communicating artery aneurysm projecting beneath the oculomotor nerve manifesting as a 2-week history of progressive diplopia. Neurological examination revealed external ophthalmoplegia and blepharoptosis without pupil involvement. Neuroimaging showed a large aneurysm in the left internal carotid artery projecting ...

Coronary artery disease is a common condition with a known heritable component that has spurred interest in genetic research for decades, resulting in a handful of candidate genes and an appreciation for the complexity of its genetic contributions. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have resulted in large-scale association studies, possibly ...

A multitude of vascular conduits are available to the Cardiac Surgeon performing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft operations. The Internal Mammary Artery, Radial Artery (RA), and the Long Saphenous Vein (LSV) have proven to be excellent conduits, especially in the current era of statin usage. However, previous stripping or varicosities of ...

A 55-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion due to a right internal mammary artery-to-superior vena cava arteriovenous fistula that occurred after pacemaker lead extraction with a laser sheath. The fistula was successfully repaired by placing a covered stent in the right internal mammary artery. In this unusual location, endovascular ...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis that affects the aorta and its major branches. Involvement of the ciliary artery can result in ischemic optic neuropathy and subsequent blindness, which is typically irreversible. If GCA is suspected, treatment with glucocorticoids should be initiated promptly to prevent further vision loss. ...

BACKGROUND: We have already reported the feasibility, safety, and excellent long-term results of distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc celiac axis resection (DP-CAR) for locally advanced pancreatic body cancer. An international standard for the surgical technique of DP-CAR has yet to be established. METHODS: DP-CAR was carefully performed in 42 patients in ...

The last decade has generated enormous advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities for diseases of the pulmonary valve. There have been advances in all age groups from fetus to adult, with not only the development of novel treatments (fetal interventions, new surgical strategies and percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation), but ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate time efficiency and diagnostic reproducibility of an advanced vessel analysis software for diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 40 patients with suspected carotid artery stenosis received head and neck DE-CTA as part of their pre-interventional workup. Acquired data were ...

Advanced Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR) refers to devices and techniques used for endografting of aortic aneurysms that are considered anatomically unsuitable for conventional EVAR. Customised devices and modified use of conventional EVAR devices now overcome challenging landing zones. Fenestrated and branch devices, together with chimney and periscope techniques can be ...

The impact of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and resulting ischemic nephropathy on kidney function has been well described. Based on several recent randomized, multicenter trials that revealed limitations to the utility of nonselective renal artery intervention, the general nephrology community has recently taken a conservative stance on this disease state. ...

The goal of transcatheter arterial infusion is to achieve better tumor response by delivering chemotherapy directly into the arterial bed supplying a neoplasm. The rationale behind such therapy relies on the potentially increased tumoricidal effect afforded by higher local concentrations of the infused chemotherapic agent(s) combined with longer tissue exposure ...

Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) is an endovascular technique used as a therapeutic adjunct or alternative to transjugular intrahepatic shunts (TIPS) in the management of gastric varices. Occlusion balloons are strategically placed to modulate flow within the gastrorenal or gastrocaval shunt to allow stagnation of the sclerosant material within the ...

Background:  The transradial approach has several pitfalls that include problems regarding the radial puncture and difficulties with the catheter technique. We evaluated whether external side-compression of radial artery was helpful to yield the success rate for advancement of guidewires under the presence of side branches or arterial tortuosity. Methods and ...

The self-expanding V-POD is a second-generation flow-diverting device with a low-porosity PTFE patch on a self-expanding microstent. The authors evaluated this device for the treatment of elastase-induced aneurysms in rabbits. Three V-POD types (A, circumferential patch closed-cell stent [n = 9]; B, asymmetric patch closed-cell stent [n = 7]; and ...

Thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair is undergoing a paradigm shift. The evolution of branched and fenestrated grafts has expanded the use of endografts to the visceral aorta and the arch of the aorta and broadened the spectrum of patients who can now be considered suitable for endografting. In turn, these advances have ...

Coronary stent dislodgement or embolization before deployment is a rare but serious complication in interventional cardiology. A 60-year-old male presented with unstable angina five years after coronary artery bypass surgery. There was a stenosis (70%) in the obtuse marginal branch of the circumflex artery. During percutaneous coronary intervention, a sirolimus-eluting ...

The aortic root is often affected by aneurysmal degeneration of the ascending aorta or dissection. It is important for the clinician to be familiar with current guidelines and recommendations for detection, monitoring, and intervention of the aneurysmal aortic root. Timely surgical referral to an experienced aortic center allows for close ...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is diagnosed as a sustained elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure to more than 25 mm Hg at rest or to more than 30 mm Hg with exercise. PAH is an intrinsic disease of the pulmonary vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells in association with plexiform lesions, medial thickening, concentric laminar ...

Thoracic aortic enlargement is an increasingly recognized condition that is often diagnosed on imaging studies performed for unrelated indications. The risk of unrecognized and untreated aortic enlargement and aneurysm includes aortic rupture and dissection which carry a high burden of morbidity and mortality. The etiologies underlying thoracic aortic enlargement are ...

Tremendous advances have been made in the endovascular treatment of lower-extremity arterial occlusive disease. New technology has enabled operators to successfully revascularize patients with complex arterial occlusive disease. This article summarizes the latest advances in endovascular therapy of aortoiliac and femoral arteries and reviews the clinical outcomes and costs associated ...

Current treatment guidelines of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis are based on studies performed over a decade ago. Since that time, significant advances have been made in medical management, namely high dose statin therapy and improved antiplatelet agents, and in carotid interventions, namely the advent of carotid artery stenting. Especially ...

An infected aortic aneurysm, or mycotic aneurysm, is a rare arterial dilatation due to destruction of the infected vessel wall. Common pathogens resulting in an infected aortic aneurysm are Salmonella and Clostridium species, as well as Staphylococcus aureus; Morganella morganii, on the other hand, is very rare. An infected abdominal ...

Midventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (MOHC) is a rare form of cardiomyopathy that was demonstrated to have caused embolic stroke in two patients. In both cases, the embolic sources of stroke were thrombi in an apical aneurysm caused by turbulent stasis of blood flow and subsequent injury of myocardial endocardium. Even ...

The formation of blood clots-thrombosis-at sites of atherosclerotic plaque rupture is a major clinical problem despite ongoing improvements in antithrombotic therapy. Progress in identifying the pathogenic mechanisms regulating arterial thrombosis has led to the development of newer therapeutics, and there is general anticipation that these treatments will have greater efficacy ...

Objective. This paper illustrates the evolution of our knowledge of the arterial pulse from ancient times to the present. Several techniques for arterial pulse evaluation throughout history are discussed. Methods. Using databases including Worldcat, Pubmed, and Emory University Libraries' Catalogue, the significance of the arterial pulse is discussed in three ...

A 75-year-old man developed persistent dysphagia 2 months after successful total arch replacement with a long elephant trunk (ET) for a distal arch aneurysm. Enhanced computed tomography revealed not only complete thrombosis of the distal arch aneurysm, but also rapid expansion of another downstream aortic aneurysm with esophageal compression. Thoracic ...