Freeze-drying is a promising method for a long-term storage of human platelets. The moisture sorption characteristics of freeze-dried human platelets (FDHPs) were studied in this paper. The moisture sorption isotherms of FDHPs and freeze-dried lyophilization buffer (FDLB) were measured at 4, 25, and 37 °C. The experimental data were fitted ...

BACKGROUND:: Microvascular injury and epithelial barrier dysfunction are rate-limiting aspects in radiation enteropathy. This study examined the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signalling in radiation-induced colitis in an experimental model. METHODS:: The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB239063 was administered to mice immediately before exposure to 20 Gy radiation. ...

Hemorrhage is a significant pathological feature of some fever or hyperthermia-related diseases, such as dengue fever and heatstroke. Although the mechanisms of hemorrhage in these diseases are thought to be complex, whether there is an association between hemorrhage and hyperthermia or fever remains unclear. Platelets play a central role in ...

A new quaternary fluoroarsenide CaFeAsF with the tetragonal ZrCuSiAs-type structure composed of alternate stacking of (FeAs)delta- and (CaF)delta+ layers was synthesized. CaFeAsF is a poor metal and shows the anomaly at approximately 120 K in temperature dependence of electrical conductivity. The electron doping by the partial replacement of the iron ...

A number of lesion studies have shown that the lateral septum plays an important role in the modulation of innate fear. Furthermore, an increased c-fos expression in the lateral septum was demonstrated after exposure to natural predator odors and 2,3,5,-trimethyl-3-thiazoline (TMT), a component of fox odor. This study investigates, on ...

The sex pheromone protoplast release-inducing protein (PR-IP) inducer and a sexual cell division-inducing pheromone-minus (SCD-IP-minus) that mediates the sexual reproduction of the heterothallic Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale (C. psl) complex were investigated in this study. Recombinant PR-IP inducer produced by yeast cells was prepared and assayed for production of PR-IP and induction ...

22Na is one of the long-lived radionuclides induced in shielding concrete of a beam-line tunnel of a high-energy particle accelerator facility and poses a problem of radiation wastes at the decommissioning of the facility. In order to estimate the 22Na concentration induced in shielding concrete, chemical reagents such as NaHCO3, ...

The anti-seizure effect of oleamide, an endogenous sleep-inducing fatty acid amide, was studied in mice. Oleamide, in the dose range 43.7-700.0 mg kg(-1), significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole. However, oleamide showed no inhibitory action on the seizures induced by picrotoxin, strychnine, caffeine or semicarbazide. These results ...

AIM: To investigate whether long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by nicotine and tetanic stimulation in the hippocampal CA1 region shares different mechanisms. METHODS: Extracellular population spikes of the pyramidal cell layer in the hippocampal CA1 region were recorded in vitro. RESULTS: LTP induced by the tetanic stimulation could be facilitated by ...

Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug that can cause interstitial pneumonitis leading to pulmonary fibrosis. A 62-year-old man suffering from atrial fibrillation and recurrent dyspnea was treated with amiodarone. After 15 months of treatment, HRCT revealed bilateral interstitial and alveolar opacifications with high-attenuating pleural-parenchymal consolidations, suggesting amiodarone induced pneumonitis. Three months ...

The call for brighter synchrotron X-radiation sources for use in structural biology research is barely audible as we enter the new millennium. Our brightest sources are already creating havoc when used at design specifications because of radiation damage. The time is long overdue to take stock of where we are ...

We studied whether neon spreading can be induced within three-dimensional illusory triangles. Kanizsa triangles were induced by black pacman disks consisting of red sectors with curved sides. Viewing our stimuli monocularly produced two-dimensional illusory contours and surfaces as well as neon spreading in each figure. Triangles appeared concave or convex ...

Sufficient radiation will cause kidney injury with hypertension, azotemia, and death from renal failure. There is early endothelial injury after radiation, which could lead to a deficit of constitutive nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, with capillary thrombosis and hypertension, both of which are seen in radiation nephropathy. In a rat radiation ...

Using a modification of vector analysis for calculating surgically induced astigmatism, we describe a simple method that divides the induced cylinder into two orthogonal components. This decomposition allows with-the-rule and against-the-rule astigmatic changes to be calculated for individual case analysis, as well as for statistical analysis of aggregate data. Because ...

Apomorphine-induced yawning was completely suppressed in animals treated with 5 nmol [D-Pro4]casomorphin (CM) (ICV), 10 nmol [D-Phe3]CM (ICV) or 10 nmol [D-Pip4]CM (ICV). The apomorphine-induced yawning was also decreased, by des-Tyr analogs, but only by about 50%. Physostigmine (0.15 mg/kg, IP) induced yawning. The physostigmine-induced yawning was suppressed by 5 ...

The relative roles of lateral hypothalamic cell bodies and fibers of passage were assessed in the development of lesion-induced hyperthermia and bombesin-induced hypothermia. Electrolytic lesions or discrete fiber transections were combined with intracisternal bombesin injection to show that each of these two thermoregulatory effects involves fibers crossing the borders of ...

The role of neurotensin in radiation-induced hypothermia was examined. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of neurotensin produced dose-dependent hypothermia. Histamine appears to mediate neurotensin-induced hypothermia because the mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate and antihistamines blocked the hypothermic effects of neurotensin. An ICV pretreatment with neurotensin antibody attenuated neurotensin-induced hypothermia, but did not ...

Kindling was induced in rats by electrical stimulation of the lateral portion of the substantia innominata (SI). The pattern of seizure development was similar to that of amygdala (AM) kindling. However, lateral SI kindling was associated with ipsilateral head turning as an initial manifestation. In addition, lateral SI kindling had ...

Vanillin and its isomer o-vanillin have an effect on the adaptive and SOS responses, as well as mutagenesis, induced in Escherichia coli by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and UV irradiation, potentiating in some cases and suppressing in others. o-Vanillin markedly inhibited the MNU-induced adaptive response, while both vanillins potentiated the UV-induced SOS ...

Fourteen patients with neuroleptic-induced oculogyric crisis resistant to antiparkinsonian drugs were treated with oral clonazepam. The neuroleptic-induced oculogyric crisis was completely inhibited by clonazepam in 10 patients, moderately inhibited in 2, slightly inhibited in 1, and not changed in 1. We suggest that clonazepam is useful in managing neuroleptic-induced oculogyric ...

The present study investigates whether clonazepam exerts its antimyoclonic action through a GABA independent mechanism. We have studied the antimyoclonic effect of clonazepam and compared it with that of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), a GABA transaminase inhibitor, against myoclonus induced by picrotoxin, a GABA receptor antagonist and allylglycine, a drug which ...

Diazepam and pentobarbital administered intravenously increased food intake in a dose-dependent manner in nondeprived rats. Low doses of naloxone inhibited diazepam-induced feeding, but did not inhibit pentobarbital-induced feeding. On the other hand, picrotoxin inhibited feeding induced by both drugs. These findings suggest that diazepam-induced hyperphagia is related to endogenous opioid ...

It is reported that 10(-7) M cortisol has a significant suppressive effect on radiation-induced transformation in vitro in C3H10T1/2 cells. Previously reported data showed a significant enhancing effect for similar experiments performed with cortisone. Thus, these two structurally similar glucocorticoid hormones have opposite effects on transformation induced by ionizing radiation.

Intravenous thymoxamine reduced the power of essential tremor but increased that of physiological and isoprenaline-induced tremor. These findings indicate that essential and physiological tremor have dissimilar pathophysiological mechanisms. They also suggest that central adrenergic mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of essential tremor and that isoprenaline-induced tremor is not a ...

Apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, physostigmine, an anticholinesterase agent and pilocarpine, a cholinergic receptor agonist, produced yawning in rats, with the most effective doses being 0.25 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg, respectively. The yawning induced by these drugs is characterized by differences in direction of head moving, tongue protruding ...

The soluble, cytochrome P-450-dependent fatty acid monooxygenase of Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14581 is induced by phenobarbital and at least twelve other barbiturates (Kim, B.-H. and Fulco, A.J. (1983) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 116, 843-850). We have since found that the inducer potency of phenobarbital and of six other of these ...

A series of 1,5-diaryl-delta 2-1,2,3-triazolines has been synthesized and evaluated for the first time as potential anticonvulsant agents using the standard subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold and maximal electroshock seizure tests. Out of the 31 triazolines that were screened, 11 exhibited moderate anticonvulsant activity; 9 of the compounds afforded protection against ...

L-Arabinose has been described as a gratuitous inducer of the yeast alpha-galactosidase. This has been found to be an artefact resulting from galactose contamination of commercial samples of L-arabinose. The inactivation produced on UDP-glucose 4-epimerase by the pentose does not amplify the inducer activity of contaminating D-galactose.

Previous studies have shown that the opioid antagonist naloxone does not alter neurotensin (NT)-induced antinociception. In the present studies, tolerance to morphine in mice significantly attenuated NT-induced antinociception, but not NT-induced hypothermia. In addition, centrally administered NT inhibited naloxone-precipitated jumping in morphine-dependent mice. These results indicate complex interactions between NT-induced ...

Black and white stripes were used to induce a tilt aftereffect near the blind spot. Stripe fragments on either side of the blind spot were seen as being completed across the blind spot, but the magnitude of the tilt aftereffect they induced suggested that the perceptually "filled-in" portions of the ...

Renal structural changes were studied sequentially between 1 hour and 6 days in rats treated with D-serine. Extensive necrosis of proximal straight tubules was rapid in onset and was followed by complete tubular regeneration 6 days post-treatment. The apparent progression of cellular changes was initial shrinkage, followed either by swelling ...

Rabbits immunized to benzylpenicillin G responded with fever when challenged with a penicillin-serum protein conjugate, but not with penicillin itself. After one or two challenges with conjugate, the rabbits became unresponsive (tolerant) to further injections. This form of hypersensitivity was transferable with plasma of immunized donors to normal rabbits. Blood ...

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2006

The mean serum calcium of 13 hyperthyroid patients was found to be significantly higher than that of controls matched for sex and age, though none of the patients' values were outside the normal range. Nevertheless, these patients responded very promptly to hypercalcaemia (induced by an intravenous calcium load), and their ...

1. Acute administration of tetrabenazine produced tremor in cats, in doses which caused sedation but not hypothermia.2. The pattern of movements resembled shivering rather than Parkinsonism, and warming the skin suppressed the tremor.3. The tremor was not influenced by hyoscine.4. Tremor produced by amylobarbitone was essentially similar to that induced ...

Study of the effect of phenformin on the blood glucose level in normal subjects before and during 70 hours of starvation showed a statistically significant hypoglycaemic effect after 40 hours of starvation. This effect was not due to increased glucose utilization.Another finding in this study was a statistically significant decrease ...

The effects of dextran 70 (Mw 70,000; Macrodex), heparin, dipyridamole (Persantin), and prostaglandin E(1) on the behaviour of platelets were investigated at sites of endothelial trauma induced with a ruby biolaser in arterioles in the rabbit ear chamber. This technique has several advantages over previous methods of studying platelet activity.Dextran ...

1. In mice rendered lymphocytopenic by X-irradiation or hydrocortisone acetate, pertussis vaccine evoked both lymphocytosis and polymorphonuclear leukocytosis. 2. When mice with lymphocytosis induced by pertussis vaccine were X-irradiated, prompt and extensive destruction of circulating as well as tissue small lymphocytes occurred. The devitalized circulating cells were cleared from the ...

1. In a membrane transport system containing a mobile carrier with affinities for two substrates a concentration gradient with respect to one of the substrates under certain conditions is able to induce an "uphill" transport (against the concentration gradient) of the other. 2. In a kinetic treatment quantitative conditions for ...

1. Adrenocortical mitochondria contain filamentous or saccular internal membranes and are probably the sites of lipide elaboration or accumulation. They are numerous in the stimulated gland and scanty after hypophysectomy. There is evidence that they are expendable: light cells contain numbers of irregularly vacuolated and broken mitochondria with disorganized internal ...