Injection of puromycin aminonucleoside to rats induces nephrotic syndrome characterized by hypoalbuminemia, proteinuria and hypercholesterolemia. In these rats, a low protein diet (6% casein diet) increased serum albumin by 26.3%, decreased proteinuria by 39% and reduced total cholesterol by 32%. Branched chain aminotransferase activity in kidney mitochondria of nephrotic rats ...

The aim of this work was to study the effects of low energy parenteral diets with different lipid/glucose ratios on rat liver and jejunal mucosa protein synthesis. The studied diets were: L0 (100% glucose, control diet), L25 (25% lipids: 75% glucose), L50 (50% lipids: 50% glucose) and L75 (75% lipids: ...

The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study consisted of two randomized controlled trials to determine the effects of dietary protein restriction and strict blood pressure control. In 255 patients with advanced renal disease (baseline GFR, 13 to 24 mL/min per 1.73 m2; Study B), secondary analyses demonstrated a ...

The histaminergic system (histamine and its H1-receptor) of the central nervous system has been implicated in control of food intake. The reported studies were designed to examine the effects of food restriction and very low (1%) protein diets on central nervous system H1-receptors in male and female rats. In a ...

Hepatic cystathionine beta-synthase activity was increased in rats fed a high-protein diet for three or five days as compared to rats given laboratory chow (day 0). In the low-protein diet group, the enzyme activity decreased after both feeding periods. Similar changes in the cystathionine beta-synthase mRNA levels were observed in ...

We examined in a factorial design the effect of dietary protein (45%, 52% and 60%) and lipids (8%, 12%, 17%) on growth performance and circulating growth hormone (GH) levels of fingerling sea bream (5-month-old) fed to satiation with self-feeders. Daily weight gain (2.6-2.9%) and feed gain ratio (1.1-1.3) of fish ...

The effect of dietary protein concentrations on the hepatic expression of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) and tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) mRNA concentrations was studied in rats adapted to consume diets (18 or 50% casein) in a restricted schedule of 7 h (0900 to 1600) for 5 days. After 6 hours of feeding, ...

Two trials were conducted in which male turkeys from commercial Strains A and B were fed diets calculated to contain 80, 100, or 120% of recommended levels of protein from 1 to 8 wk of age and recommended levels of protein at other ages. Feeding reduced protein diets decreased 8-wk ...

Low (8%) protein feeding during pregnancy impairs the functional development of the fetal endocrine pancreas. Continued low-protein feeding post-natally decreases pancreatic insulin content and secretion, whereas transfer to standard diet evoked beta-cell recuperation. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and insulin action were examined in vivo at 28 days after transfer from ...

In previous studies we noted a disruption of the circadian locomotor activity rhythm in rats after portacaval anastomosis (PCA). To examine whether this abnormality is related to factors that aggravate hepatic encephalopathy in humans, we studied the effect of dietary formulation and protein content on body weight, locomotor activity, and ...

1. Weaning rats were fed ad libitum isocaloric diets containing 5% and 20% casein based proteins. 5% protein diet was protein deficient diet. Pair fed rats with the 5% protein group were maintained simultaneously on 20% protein diet but the amount restricted to the amount taken up by PEM group. ...

The effect of experimental protein malnutrition on gastrin producing cells in the antral part of the stomach was studied in male Wistar rats. Isoenergetic diets containing 25% (C-25) or 6% (PD-6) were given in isocaloric amounts during a 4-month experiment. All rats were offered drinking water ad libitum. The results ...

The present study tested the influence of protein undernutrition and re-alimentation on mammary gland size and secretory cell activity in lactating rats. During gestation, female Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a high-protein diet (215 g crude protein (N x 6.25; CP)/kg DM; H); litters were standardized to twelve pups at parturition. ...

BACKGROUND: We reported that an embryonic type of non-muscle-type myosin heavy-chain isoform (SMemb) may be a molecular marker for phenotypic alteration in initial glomerular injury and that methyl-prednisolone has no effect on SMemb expression in glomeruli of rats with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis. The present study was designed to assess ...

BACKGROUND: Ototoxic side effects of aminoglycosides or cisplatin are strongly influenced by the nutritional state of the experimental animal. We previously demonstrated that guinea pigs fed a low-protein diet are a sensitive model to investigate chronic ototoxic effects of drugs. We now demonstrate that this model is equally sensitive to ...

The effects of protein nutrition on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor in various tissues of rats were investigated. Northern blot and dot blot hybridization analyses were performed using RNA from testis, heart, lung, intestine, stomach, kidney, and brain of rats fed on a 12% casein diet, on a 12% gluten ...

Different neurological syndromes have been associated with exposure to cyanide. Dietary cyanide exposure from cassava roots combined with a low intake of the sulfur amino acids necessary for cyanide detoxification has been implicated in the causation of konzo, an upper motoneuron disease identified in Africa. We have investigated the effect ...

Xenobiotic metabolism can be influenced by various nutritional factors, including protein. In the present study, we have examined the effect of dietary protein (casein) levels on the ability of rat liver S9 to activate the promutagens aflatoxin B1 (AFB), 2-aminoanthracene (2AN) and benzo[a]pyrene (BAP) in strain TA98 using the spiral ...

In the previous study (Mutation Res., this issue), we showed that increased levels of dietary casein as the sole protein source for male F344 rats decreased the ability of the uninduced liver S9s to activate 2-aminoanthracene (2AN) to a mutagen in strain TA98 using the spiral Salmonella mutagenicity assay. No ...

The influence of metabolic status on food selection during refeeding after fasting was investigated in rats fasted for a long period of time and subsequently given the choice of eating fat, protein, and carbohydrate individually. Rats were fasted until either metabolic phase 2 (essentially using lipids) or metabolic phase 3 ...

The role of glucocorticoids in the intrauterine programming of hypertension was assessed in the progeny of rats fed either 18 g casein/100 g diet (control diet) or 9 g casein/100 g diet (low protein diet), before conception and throughout pregnancy. Rats exposed to the low protein diet had significantly (P ...

In passive Heymann nephritis (PHN), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) or a low dietary protein intake decreases albuminuria (UAlbV). Although this reduction in albuminuria appears to result from an improvement in glomerular permselectivity, the effect of these treatments on albumin permeation and absorption by the nephron has not been clarified. This ...

Four studies were conducted to assess the effect of a low-protein diet on NaCl intake. Young rats fed either control (20% casein) or low-protein (5% casein) high-carbohydrate (CHO) diet were allowed to drink either water alone or water and 300 mM NaCl. Relative to rats fed control diet, rats fed ...

Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a major apo-protein of pulmonary surfactant, which lines the alveolar walls, lowering the surface tension to prevent lung collapse. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups which received a diet with either 5% or 20% protein from gestational day 9. By a sensitive immunoassay, SP-A ...

Renal kallikrein levels and excretion rates are increased in insulin-treated diabetic rats with hyperfiltration, and inhibition of kallikrein or blockade of kinin receptors reduces GFR and RPF. In contrast, insulin-deprived severely (SD) diabetic rats that display renal vasoconstriction show reduced levels and excretion rates of renal kallikrein. In these two ...

A low ratio of cellular numbers within CD4+ (helper/inducer) relative to CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) thymic lymphocyte subsets (low CD4/CD8 ratio) is widely accepted as fundamental to the depression in thymus-dependent immunocompetence associated with wasting protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). The objective of this investigation, therefore was to determine the CD4/CD8 ratio in peripheral ...

The effects of dietary protein on the elevation of activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in D-galactosamine-injected rats were investigated. The rats fed with experimental diets containing test protein sources for 2 weeks were injected with D-galactosamine (0.8 g.kg-1 body weight). The activities of AST and ...

The effect of feeding rats with cassava diet (tapioca) has been investigated with respect to the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and levels of TBARS. By varying the levels of protein in the diet and cyanide content of cassava, the possible role of a high protein diet in the prevention ...

The effect of acid-base status on self-selection of dietary protein was examined in three groups of adult male cats fed 20% soybean-protein and lactalbumin diets formulated to produce acidic, neutral or alkaline status. In two experiments, cats were offered a choice between the 20% protein diets or (1) the same ...

During sepsis, body protein stores are decreased due to an increase in protein catabolism. The utilization of nutritional support with high-protein diets has been used as a solution to the problem of sepsis-induced protein loss. Work from our laboratory, however, has shown that diets low in protein (5% of total ...

The beneficial effects of a low-protein diet vs. angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI, enalapril) on the course of ablation nephropathy (5/6 nephrectomy, 5/6NX) were compared in a new strain of genetic hypertensive rats, the Prague hypertensive rat (PHR). Both maneuvers were followed by a significant drop in proteinuria (1.27 and 8.8 ...

Ten adult men were infused with L-[1-13C]leucine for 9 h commencing in the postabsorptive state (PA, 0-3 h), during the half-hourly feeding of low-protein meals (LP, protein = 2% calories, 3-6 h), and during feeding isoenergetic high-protein meals (HP, protein = 14% calories, 6-9 h). Leucine oxidation and turnover (protein ...

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT, EC 2.3.2.2) activity was determined in the plasma and liver of 40 young (50 days old) and 40 mature (300 days old) male Wistar rats, after a protein restriction period of 28 days. Casein protein levels used were: 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 28% (control). Weanling rats submitted ...

The effects of dietary soybean protein on lipogenic enzyme gene expression in livers of genetically fatty rats (Wistar fatty) have been investigated. When Wistar fatty rats and their lean littermates (7-8-wk old) were fed a casein or soybean protein isolate diet containing hydrogenated fat (4% hydrogenated fat plus 1% corn ...

The relationship between essential fatty acids (EFA) deficiency and the utilization of dietary protein, growth rate and survival of offspring was investigated in rats during development and reproduction. EFA deficiency was induced by feeding a 200 g casein/kg-based diet containing 70 g hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO)/kg as the only source ...

The influence of nutritional level on the bodyweight, degree of anaemia and carcase composition of 24 sheep infected experimentally with Trypanosoma congolense was investigated. The infection caused a marked retardation of growth in the animals fed a low protein ration whereas the infected and control animals fed a high protein ...

Two varieties of mesta (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds were analysed for their proximal composition. Their protein (18.8-22.3%), fat (19.1-22.8%) and dietary fiber (39.5-42.6%) content were found to be high. The seeds were found to be a good source of minerals like phosphorus, magnesium and calcium. Their lysine and tryptophan contents were ...

In severe chronic renal failure (CRF) with associated metabolic acidosis, abnormalities in protein metabolism and amino acid (AA) profiles in the fed state are well described. To evaluate the effect of early uraemia and the influence of acid-base status on protein metabolism and AA profiles, three groups of pair-fed rats ...

The activity levels of hepatic and renal D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3), a key enzyme for D-amino acid utilization in mammals, were determined in growing rats after a 10 day period of protein undernutrition and subsequent refeeding. Reducing the protein intake for 10 days (3% casein diet) resulted in an ...

Muscle growth, fiber size, muscle and liver glycogen, plasma hormones, and muscle glutamine concentration were evaluated in rats chronically exposed (26 days) to a simulated hypobaric altitude (HA; 6,000 m) and fed diets of varying protein concentrations (10, 20, or 40 g protein/100 g of dry matter; LP, MP, and ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different amounts of fat in enteral diets on liver function, liver lipid accumulation, and protein metabolism in septic rats. Sepsis was induced in Wistar rats by cecal ligation and puncture. The rats were divided into four groups and were ...

Chickens fed on semi-purified low (7%) or high (61%) protein-energy diets for 14 or 17 d were used for determinations of oxidative phosphorylation and specific amounts of mitochondrial protein in liver. The ADP:oxygen (ADP:O) values obtained when pyruvate+malate were used as substrates were significantly reduced in the high-protein-fed group after ...

We examined the effects of dietary protein restriction in fourteen patients with chronic kidney rejection. The patients were randomly assigned, using a crossover design to two 11-day periods, one on a low-protein diet (0.55 g/kg/day) and the other on a high-protein diet (2 g/kg/day). The low protein diet was associated ...

OBJECTIVE: To measure satisfaction with modified protein eating patterns and the relationship of satisfaction to adherence and sociodemographic factors in a clinical trial. DESIGN: Participants completed the Dietary Satisfaction Questionnaire at baseline, at 6-month follow-up visits, at annual visits, and at the final visit. Satisfaction with diet was rated on ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess time expended by registered dietitians to conduct clinical and research activities during the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study. DESIGN: Two randomized, controlled clinical trials among persons with diminished levels of renal function using a factorial design to evaluate effects of dietary protein restriction and ...

The effects of a low-protein diet on the serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) were investigated during a 3-month controlled study in 12 adult chronic renal failure patients. Six patients were randomly supplemented with keto acids (Cetolog, Clintec, Velizy, France). Protein intake was prescribed so that ...

We have previously shown that the numerical density of dentate granule and CA3 pyramidal cells of adult rats is reduced after lengthy periods of low-protein diet. In this study, the total number of these neurons was estimated, together with those for the hilar and CA1 pyramidal cells in order to ...

It was previously shown that somatotropin (STH) increases growth rate, improves food efficiency and stimulates protein accretion. In rats, STH also increases food intake. This study examined the effect of exogenous STH on rats' selection of diets varying in protein content. It was hypothesized that the increase in food intake ...

Recent data demonstrate that recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) has GH-like effects on protein metabolism, selectively stimulating whole body protein synthesis. Additionally, recent studies suggest that the combination of recombinant human GH (rhGH) and rhIGF-I might be more anabolic than either compound alone when administered to calorically deprived ...

Ponderal parameters, soluble protein content and nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) metabolism were studied in liver of growing male Wistar rats fed with different diets: control diet (Control group) containing 10% protein (casein 9.8% plus DL-methionine 0.2%); diet 2 (Group 2) containing 10% protein, lacking Met plus Cys; and diet ...