This study investigated the minimally required feedback elements of a computer-tailored dietary fat reduction intervention to be effective in improving fat intake. In all 588 Healthy Dutch adults were randomly allocated to one of four conditions in an randomized controlled trial: (i) feedback on dietary fat intake [personal feedback (P ...

OBJECTIVE: Decreased food intakes, eating behavior disturbances, and loss of body weight are particularly significant problems among those with Alzheimer dementia. To follow the natural evolution of dietary and nutrition status among elderly community-dwelling adults with Alzheimer dementia. METHODS: With their caregivers, 36 community-dwelling patients in early stages of Alzheimer ...

BACKGROUND: Diversity in dietary intake contributes to variation in human metabolomic profiles and artifacts from acute dietary intake can affect metabolomics data. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the role of dietary phytochemicals on shaping human urinary metabolomic profiles. DESIGN: First void urine samples were collected from 21 healthy volunteers (12 women, 9 ...

Nutrition is thought to influence disease status in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate nutrient intake and anthropometric data from 64 adult outpatients with cystic fibrosis. Nutrient intake from food and supplements was compared with the Dietary Reference Intakes for 16 nutrients and outcomes influenced ...

OBJECTIVE: To review evidence relating to the consumption of whole grains and healthy body weight (BW). DESIGN: Systematic review and analysis of observational studies reporting whole-grain consumption and measures of BW and adiposity, including the effect on macronutrient intakes and lifestyle factors. SETTING: Medline and other databases were searched for ...

There is growing interest in the use of dietary patterns as measures of exposure in studies of diet-disease relationships. However, relatively little is known about the impact of the type of dietary assessment method on the patterns observed. Using FFQ and food diary data collected from 585 women in early ...

AIM: Women have a higher susceptibility to alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD) than men. Gender-related differences in food preference were described in previous studies for several populations, but not in alcohol abusers. As certain micronutrients are reported to take influence on the development of ALD in animal experiments, the hypothesis of ...

OBJECTIVES: To analyse trends in energy and nutrient intakes and nutritional adequacy from 1992 to 2003. DESIGN: Two consecutive cross-sectional studies carried out on random samples of the Catalan population ENCAT 1992-93 and ENCAT 2002-03. Dietary intake was assessed by means of two 24-hour recalls on non-consecutive days. Spanish food ...

In animals deoxynivalenol (DON) causes vomiting, feed refusal, growth retardation, and affects the immune system. DON is a common contaminant of wheat, however, validated biomarker data to assess exposure at the individual level and therefore any associated health effects are lacking. The development of a highly robust assay for urinary ...

BACKGROUND: To estimate the effect of dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin (L/Z) and fats on the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-four subjects identified with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were re-examined to determine 7-year AMD progression. Intakes of L/Z and fatty acids were ...

Achieving long-term adherence to a dietary pattern is a challenge in many studies investigating the relationship between diet and disease. The Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study was a multi-institutional randomized trial in 3088 women at risk for breast cancer recurrence. At baseline, the average participant followed a healthy dietary ...

To test self-regulation concepts in relation to dietary intake and physical activity patterns in adolescence, which we predicted to be influenced by components of a self-control model. A survey was conducted with a multiethnic sample of 9th grade public school students in a metropolitan area (N = 539). Confirmatory analysis ...

Epidemiological data suggest that fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a lowered risk of CVD. We assessed the association between the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery and dietary intake of vegetables, fruit and berries in elderly men with a high risk of CVD. Subjects (age 70 +/- ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate time patterns of compliance with nutrient goals recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). DESIGN: A single aggregated indicator of distance from the key WHO recommendations for a healthy diet is built using FAOSTAT intake data, bounded between 0 (maximum possible distance from goals) and 1 (perfect ...

OBJECTIVES: To identify dietary patterns of urban Beninese adults and explore their links with overall diet quality and socio-demographics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A sample of 200 men and women aged 25-60 years was randomly selected in 10 neighbourhoods. Food intake was assessed through three non-consecutive 24 h food recalls. Dietary ...

Despite the recent popularity in the use of dietary patterns to investigate diet-disease associations, the associations between dietary patterns and nutrient intakes have not been fully explored. This paper determines the linear and non-linear associations between estimated nutrient intake (considered as both absolute and relative intake) and distinct dietary patterns, ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the dietary intake of elderly living in 11 long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to the Estimated Average Requirement set as part of the Dietary Reference Intake for older adults. DESIGN: A cross-sectional assessment of dietary intake using a 3 days food record among 407 elderly with mean age ...

The dietary intake of adults with mental retardation among three different community residential settings was described and compared. Two dietary screeners were administered to 325 adults. The women's Fruit and Vegetable Screener scores from group homes were significantly higher than scores from those with family members and in semi-independent settings. ...

We investigated associations between body mass index (BMI) and intake of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and caloric soft drinks using weighed 7-day food records, nutrient intakes, BMI measurements and 7-day physical activity (PA) diaries from the UK National Dietary and Nutritional Survey of Young People (n=1,294 aged 7-18 years). NMES ...

BACKGROUND: The Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) is a region at high risk of nutritionally related diseases. Assessing LMD diet quality is important in policy making, monitoring service outcomes, and designing sustainable research interventions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to assess the diet quality of LMD adults by using the Healthy Eating ...

The objective of the present work was to determine whether the young cyclists follows the optimal fats and minerals intake, based on the recommended dietary guidelines. The appropriate intake of fats, fibre, and minerals (sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium) in their diets; may reduce the risk to develop hypertension and cardiovascular ...

AIM: The aim of our study was to evaluate the inadequacy of voluntary energy and nutrient intake on the first day of hospital admission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two terciary care hospitals, with a probabilistic sample of 50% of in-patients. Dietary intake was evaluated ...

To evaluate the relationship of dietary carotenoids, vitamin A, alpha-tocopherol, and vitamin C with prevalent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). Demographic, lifestyle, and medical characteristics were ascertained on 4519 AREDS participants aged 60 to 80 years at enrollment. Stereoscopic color fundus photographs were used ...

To assess the dietary intake of people with coeliac disease (CD) and to determine if they are meeting the current dietary reference values (DRVs). To compare dietary intakes of people with CD to the dietary intake of the general population. The nutritional contribution of gluten-free products (GFPs) and current purchasing ...

The aim of the present study was to describe dietary patterns in a representative sample from Puna and Quebrada of Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in a representative sample (n 1236) of individuals from these regions. For the present study, only children aged 2-9 years ...

OBJECTIVE: The Mediterranean diet is rich in fat and starch, and hence may be related to overweight. We therefore investigated the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). DESIGN AND SETTING: Data were obtained from the control group of a network ...

OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial and demographic correlates of fruit, juice and vegetable (FJV) consumption were investigated to guide how to increase FJV intake. DESIGN: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis of FJV consumption on demographics and psychosocial variables. SETTING: Houston, Texas, USA. SUBJECTS: Boys aged 11-14 years (n = 473). RESULTS: FJV preference and ...

This study examined commonly consumed high-fat food sources to estimate dietary fat intake among 314 urban, African American adolescents (mean age (SD)=12.57 (.98) years; 66% female; 91% African American non-Hispanic; and 9% African American Hispanic). Youths' fat intake was measured using the Block Fat Screener. Most (77%) participants had diets ...

In the present study, we tested the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on sexual function in women with the metabolic syndrome. Women were identified in our database of subjects participating in controlled trials evaluating the effect of lifestyle changes and were included if they had a diagnosis of female sexual ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate diet quality and nutrient intakes in Croatian university students, which are missing for the past 15 years, and also to report the prevalence of overweight/obesity and underweight. The subjects were 663 students (average age 22 years), representing 0.6% of all Croatian university ...

The health of individuals is not markedly affected by the nutrients ingested in a single day; rather it is influenced by dietary habits over a long period of time. However, it is impossible to survey usual intake directly because recording diet over a long period of time is burdensome for ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate households' diet-quality trends and regional disparities, as well as to identify the influence of its socioeconomic determinants. METHODS/SUBJECTS: Two dietary indexes were applied: a revised Healthy Diet Indicator version (HDIr) and the Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI). The socioeconomic differences between households with low-diet quality (if their scoring ...

To evaluate dietary intake and its relationship to lipid parameters in HIV-infected patients with metabolic abnormalities. We prospectively determined dietary intake (4-day food records or 24-h recall) in 356 HIV-infected patients and 162 community-derived HIV-negative controls evaluated for metabolic studies between 1998-2005. Differences in dietary intake between HIV-infected patients and ...

The aim of this study was to assess whether the recently developed Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was useful to evaluate the diet quality of a young Mediterranean population. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in southern Spain (Granada-Andalucia) from 2002 to 2005. Dietary information (24 h recall and FFQ) ...

OBJECTIVES: We examined effects of socio-economic status (SES) factors on diet quality and fruits and vegetables intake among US adults and effect modification by nutrition knowledge and beliefs. METHODS: We used national cross-sectional data (Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals) on 4356 US adults, aged 20-65 years, collected in ...

The purpose was to determine whether 34 young Spanish males belonging to a cyclist team, follows the optimal macronutrients intake based on the recommended dietary guidelines. The deficits in nutrition jeopardise the sportive performances, but what about the diets with excessive intake of macronutrients? Furthermore, is there an association between ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of dietary change to and maintenance of a low-fat eating pattern (<20% energy from fat, > or = 5 servings fruits/vegetables daily, and > or = 6 servings grains daily) among a cohort of postmenopausal women. Candidate predictors included intrapersonal, interpersonal, intervention program characteristics, and clinical ...

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a common supportive care therapy in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Inadequate oral dietary intake may necessitate prolonged courses of PN, which have been associated with metabolic, infectious, and hepatobiliary complications. The objective of this study was to identify demographic, clinical, and nutrition factors ...

The increased awareness of the health protecting properties of non-nutrient bio-active compounds found in fruits and vegetables, has directed immense attention to vegetables as vital components of daily diets. For sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations, this attention on vegetables as vital dietary components is significant, as leafy vegetables have long been ...

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to assess, the association of the quantity and quality of dietary fat intake from 6 to 12 months of age and serum lipids at 12 months. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Three hundred healthy term Swedish infants were recruited in a longitudinal prospective study at the age of 6 ...

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the relationship of monetary diet costs to dietary intake and obesity, particularly in non-Western populations. This study examined monetary cost of dietary energy in relation to diet quality and body mass index (BMI) among young Japanese women. DESIGN: Dietary intake was assessed by a validated, ...

Few data are available regarding dietary habits of the elderly, in particular about fatty acid consumption, whereas these are major risk or protective factors of several age-related diseases. The aim of the present study was to characterise the dietary intake of a French elderly population in terms of energy, macronutrients ...

Dietary patterns, which reflect the complexity of food preference, lifestyle and socio-economic status, may play a major role in health and longevity. Understanding dietary patterns and their correlates is important to the research of diet and health relationships. In the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS) a total of 61,582 men ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Life Style Modification Program for Physical Activity and Diet (LiSM-PAN) in comparison to a conventional healthcare program. METHOD: Subjects with risk factor(s) for chronic disease were allocated as a cluster to the LiSM group (n=92) or the Control group (n=85). The LiSM-PAN program ...

OBJECTIVES: Prevention of cardiovascular diseases by paleolithic or hunter-gatherer diets has been discussed during recent years. METHODS: Our aim was to assess the effect of a paleolithic diet in a pilot study on healthy volunteers during 3 weeks. The intention was to include 20 subjects, of whom 14 fulfilled the ...

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have indicated that a diet rich in fruit, antioxidants, and n-3 fatty acids may contribute to optimal respiratory health. We investigated whether low dietary nutrient intakes were associated with lower pulmonary function and higher reporting of respiratory symptoms in adolescents. METHODS: We examined the association of dietary ...

Previous studies have suggested an association between depressed mood and the dietary intake of fish. In all cases, however, dietary fish intake has been considered at the exclusion of all other aspects of the diet. This analysis investigates associations between depressed mood and dietary fish intake, while also concurrently investigating ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the data-based development of a short dietary assessment instrument, a 16-item screener; and to evaluate the performance of the screener, comparing its performance with a complete 120-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in assessing percentage energy from fat intake. DESIGN: A subsample (n=404) of participants in the National ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine dietary fat consumption by African-American adults using three methods that capture different domains of fat consumption and assess the degree of agreement between the three instruments. DESIGN/SUBJECTS: Data were self-reported from a population-based cross-sectional survey of 658 African Americans, aged 18 to 70 years, in North Carolina ...

OBJECTIVES: To identify dietary transition stages based on dietary patterns of adult Haitians having lived in Montreal for various lengths of time, and to assess associated dietary quality. SUBJECTS: One hundred and eighty-one Haitians aged 25-60 years were recruited by the modified random digit dialling method. DESIGN: Socio-economic, diet and ...