Desk-top analysers that are simple to use, portable and free from technical requirements are now widely used for blood cholesterol measurement outside the traditional pathology laboratory setting. Test accuracy and reliability are essential if these portable desk-top analysers are to be of value in the assessment and management of elevated ...

Worksite cholesterol screening programs providing initial cholesterol screening, dietary consultation, and follow up evaluation are an excellent way to assist individuals to know their cholesterol. Two methods for implementation of cholesterol screening at the worksite include walk-in and appointment. These methods can be tailored to accommodate any worksite population. Guidelines ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of lipoprotein-cholesterol measurements obtained during screening. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: From November 1989 to January 1990, 154 adults were screened. MEASUREMENTS: Split venous samples from fasting participants were analyzed for total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with screening and standardized laboratory methods. ...

Thirty-six resident physicians received a blood cholesterol training program which included training in blood cholesterol screening using a fingerstick method and a desktop analyzer, diet assessment and counseling, and a management protocol for follow-up diet and drug treatment. The program also included feedback to residents about their blood cholesterol screening ...

Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has been declining, CVD is still the major cause of death in Australia and an elevated blood cholesterol level is considered a major contributor. Large-scale community-based screening programmes in other countries have demonstrated that a population approach can be effective in reducing cholesterol levels and ...

The 1987 report of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) was concerned with who should be treated for high blood cholesterol levels and how they should be treated. Total cholesterol levels were classified for identification of cases. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were classified for ...

Recent emphasis has been placed on the role of serum cholesterol in the development of cardiovascular disease and on reducing high serum cholesterol levels through a screening followed by a behavioral intervention. However, evidence about the effectiveness of this technique in reducing cholesterol has yet to be evaluated. A review ...

In this pilot study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the health attitudes, beliefs and practices related to each of the Interim Dietary Guidelines for Reducing Cancer Risk (I.D.G.R.C.R.) in a convenience sample of elderly Caucasian subjects (N = 30) over 60 years old. The questionnaire items included personal ...

Several previous studies that looked at the effects of labeling individuals as hypertensive found increases in psychosocial distress, diminished feelings of well-being, or absenteeism. Other studies found no such effects. Thus far, similar studies relating to labeling for high blood cholesterol levels have not been published. The Massachusetts Model Systems ...

As part of a Norwegian campaign to reduce serum cholesterol levels, the general public of the City of Bergen was invited to participate in cholesterol testing in October 1988. Participants received the results of the cholesterol screening and nutritional information from trained health personnel. In order to evaluate selected aspects ...

Extracts of several rodent diets were studied for their cytotoxic and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase-inducing properties by an in vitro method. The cell culture system based on a mouse hepatoma cell line (Hepa-1) was shown to be a convenient and sensitive method for screening of diets for these parameters implying the ...

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are the federal statement of dietary guidance policy. The small bulletin presenting the guidelines contains practical advice for healthy Americans about what constitutes a healthful diet and how such a diet is important to health. The guidelines bulletin was first published in 1980 and revised ...

Policies for coronary heart disease prevention through cholesterol-lowering have been advocated by groups in the UK, the US and Continental Europe. Such policies are based on studies of the atherosclerotic plaque, experimental animals, genetic disorders, and lipoprotein metabolism, and from different epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Surveys of physicians and ...

To investigate the effect of screening for an elevated cholesterol level and compliance with follow-up recommendations, we surveyed 375 participants in a free screening program at a shopping mall walk-in clinic. One hundred thirty-nine participants (37%) had desirable (less than 5.17 mmol/L [less than 200 mg/dL]), 135 (36%) had borderline ...

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency is a rare cause of hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA) and usually leads to progressive neurological deterioration despite early dietary control of plasma phenylalanine concentrations. Dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) deficiency is the most severe cause with respect to a fatal outcome. We report a 7-year-old girl with HPA diagnosed on neonatal ...

Reduction in blood cholesterol levels has the potential for reducing morbidity and mortality from CHD in elderly adults. Although definitive trials have not been undertaken, the guidelines of the Adult Treatment Panel of the NCEP provide the basis for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Dietary therapy should be the ...

To examine the impact of cholesterol screening with brief nonphysician counseling on cardiovascular risk factors, 886 employees at a large financial services firm underwent fingerstick screening followed by brief (3- to 5-minute) counseling by a registered nurse. At the 6-month follow-up, there were significant declines in total cholesterol levels (5.9 ...

Mass cholesterol level screening was carried out in 3,288 individuals. Over a wide range of ages, moderate or high risk values were found in 16%. Follow-up of those with abnormal cholesterol levels revealed that a low percentage visited their family physicians. Moreover, successful responses to treatment were identified in a ...

The precision and accuracy of two Kodak Ektachem DT-60 portable blood analyzers were assessed in a model (research) cholesterol screening program in Rochester, New York. Between June and October 1987, a total of 8,573 people underwent a cholesterol screening held in a movable trailer. A wide variety of temperature, humidity, ...

Caffeine has long been recognized as an addictive substance with numerous toxic effects. Death due to caffeine overdose is rare, due in part to its marked gastric irritation resulting in spontaneous emesis. Caffeine can be found in food, beverages, analgesics, and over-the-counter weight loss products. We report a fatality resulting ...

The European Atherosclerosis Society (1) and the Expert Panel of the US National Cholesterol Education Program (2) have issued detailed guide values for recognition and management of hyperlipidaemia in adults. In these guidelines, the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia based on the measurements of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, HDL and LDL cholesterol plays ...

Physician management of hypercholesterolemia has been poor in the past. This study investigates the effect of education and laboratory report changes on cholesterol management. Three chart audits were performed on 146 patients with cholesterol levels above 6.21 mmol/L. The first audit occurred before and the second audit shortly after the ...

Cholesterol granulomata of the middle ear occasionally accompany chronic middle-ear diseases with diminished ventilation. In the paranasal sinuses, especially in the frontal sinus, they have occasionally been mentioned in the literature. Disordered ventilation and impaired drainage are decisive pathogenic factors in the causation of cholesterol granuloma. Views remain divided on ...

We used a mailed questionnaire and telephone interviews with 1717 shopping center screenees whose total serum cholesterol was greater than 200 mg/dl. Our specific aim was to assess the subjects' motivations for participation in cholesterol screening, their follow-up outcome, their self-knowledge, and any coronary heart disease risk factor intervention. Of ...

A community-based screening for colorectal cancer targeted to all residents over 30 in Luh-Guu Town in Taiwan was conducted in mid-1986 and diet history was taken at the same time to examine the relationship between diet and screening positives of Hemoccult Test. Using dichotomous screening result as the outcome variable, ...

Three strains of Lactobacilus acidophilus (LA) were isolated from the feces of mature boars that were not being fed antibiotics from the Nebraska Gene Pool (NGP). All three LA isolates were screened in vitro for anticholesteremic and antimicrobial activities. One strain, LA16, caused the greatest reduction in cholesterol and inhibited ...

Several community-based interventions in the United States have indicated that it is possible to economically screen the blood cholesterol levels of large numbers of the population and to assist those with elevated levels to reduce their blood cholesterol. The North Coast Cholesterol Check Campaign was designed to involve existing community ...

Public screening for elevated blood cholesterol has become a common practice, supported by national recommendations. However, little is known about the response to referral for medical follow-up of those found to have high cholesterol levels. During a one-year period, 424 adults from a population-based screening and education program were referred ...

PURPOSE: Blood cholesterol is a good estimator of risk for coronary heart disease. Six criteria for a screening cholesterol measurement are: (1) high predictive value of elevated cholesterol compared with a "gold standard" cholesterol measurement; (2) high correlation with the national reference system for cholesterol; (3) acceptable results obtainable by ...

Fifty-three patients from a general practice and 33 subjects who were in a community-screening promotion underwent total cholesterol level measurements both with a portable Reflotron system and by a standardized laboratory procedure. The intraclass correlation coefficient between the paired measurements was equal to 0.956; this suggests that the results of ...

The cholesterol granuloma is a particular form of granulation tissue developing as part of a variety of tissue reactions, Cholesterol granuloma is not related to cholesteatoma which may be regarded as an epidermoid cyst of the middle ear or temporal bone. Cholesterol granulomas are rarely associated with such cases (Friedmann, ...

Elevated plasma cholesterol levels identified during cholesterol screening are often lower when repeated because of the regression to the mean effect. We evaluated the effect of the presence or absence of a history of hypercholesterolemia on the regression to the mean phenomenon. Of 564 volunteers undergoing cholesterol screening, 53 subjects ...

A newly-developed analyzer measures total cholesterol from a single drop of blood and gives results within minutes. This procedure has made mass cholesterol screening inexpensive and less invasive than methods requiring a venipuncture blood sample, and it offers the opportunity for on-the-spot counseling and referral. In a pilot study, 610 ...

We tested the feasibility and effectiveness of population cholesterol screening in a California shopping center. Total plasma cholesterol (TC) was measured in 429 adults from capillary blood samples, using automatic analyzers (Reflotron). A self-administered questionnaire was used to ascertain demographic variables, lifestyle, and knowledge about cholesterol and heart disease. According ...

Mean corpuscular volume, thrombocyte count and levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, urate, and triglycerides were analyzed in 100 previously untreated female alcoholics. If used for screening, urate and triglycerides were found to be of no value, while various combinations of the other biochemical markers identified up to 75% of ...

Serum IgE concentration was measured on the 5th day of life in 943 infants. All infants were included in a 3 month follow-up study. The frequency of cow's milk allergy was studied according to either family history, IgE level, or both. Feeding (mother's milk or formula feeding) was taken into ...

Sufficient data exist to support approaches to lowering cardiovascular disease risk which target population-wide reductions in elevated blood cholesterol levels. Within the context of a multifactorial cardiovascular disease prevention program, a 2-month cholesterol education campaign was launched to encourage citizens to "Know Your Cholesterol" by attending screening, counseling, and referral ...

The efficiency of screening for dyslipoproteinemias associated with hyperlipoproteinemia or with hypolipoproteinemia was examined in 8449 white examinees from the Lipid Research Clinics Prevalence Study. A two-stage lipid screening approach was used. A positive screening test for hyperlipidemia was defined as an elevated level of plasma total cholesterol or triglyceride ...

Tracking of high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC, LDLC) from childhood to young adulthood was assessed in 77 children and in 53 adults from a single large pedigree with familial hypercholesterolemia who were respectively less than or equal to 19 and greater than or equal to 20 years old when first ...

Necrotic and granulomatous gastritis is described in Lake Tanganyika cichlids. Clostridium hastiforme and flagellated protozoa were both associated with the reaction but the significance of either is unknown. Nevertheless, treatment of surviving fish with ampicillin was carried out and mortalities ceased. The possible involvement of an unsuitable diet as a ...

Early in our study of the role of incongruency in the hip (Ref. 1) we observed by x-ray screening that, under load, a drop of barium sulphate placed between the articular surfaces spread out between them and a substantial portion was extruded from the intercartilage space into the fossa; all ...

Our specific aim was to assess within-family clustering of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) levels in kindreds identified through probands with primary hypoalphalipoproteinemia, and to determine whether, and to what degree, familial aggregation of HDLC less than or equal to the tenth percentile represents a heritable trait, familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Our probands ...

Waterfowl mortality caused by aflatoxicosis occurred in two separate areas in Texas during the 1977-78 wintering season. The first outbreak occurred in snow geese (Anser caerulescens) on the Gulf Coast prairies, followed by an outbreak in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) in the north-central portion of the state. Aflatoxin B1 levels in ...

Cholesterol granuloma formation is an unusual development in the advanced stage of mammary duct ectasia. Its recognition is important because it can be clinically, mammographically, and grossly confused with carcinoma. Five such cases thought clinically to be carcinoma are presented. The histologic findings in cholesterol granuloma are distinctive and consist ...

Spouse concordance for plasma cholesterol and triglyceride was studied in 1971 spouse pairs including 545 spouse pairs married 40 or more years. Both lipids showed modest but statistically significant age corrected Kendall Tau-B correlations; 0.046 (P = 0.005) for cholesterol and 0.070 (P = 0.0001) for triglycerides. Concordance was not ...

The Muscatine Cholesterol Family Study includes the relatives of three groups of schoolchildren: those with cholesterol levels above the 95th percentiles in two consecutive school screens, those with cholesterol levels below the 5th percentile twice, and random sample of those with cholesterol levels between the 5th and 95th percentiles twice. ...

Three tests were evaluated as screening procedures for fat malabsorption--namely, measurement of serum optical density, serum triglyceride concentration, and 14CO2 breath excretion after the administration of a 60 g fat meal containing 10 muCi glycerol tri[1-14C]oleate. The results of these tests were compared with fat excreted in a three-day faecal ...

A classification and review of the methodology involved in the determination of serum cholesterol for human (or animal) studies are presented. The purpose of both is to enable selection of a technique appropriate for the assay intended with a reasonable understanding of its advantages, disadvantages and limitations. The various methods ...

In one analytical procedure, semiquantitative information concerning the concentrations of triglycerides, free and esterified cholesterol were obtained. Twenty-five microlitres of serum were used and the concentrations were classified as high, borderline or normal compared to a lipid standard solution. Thirty-four patients were investigated and the results showed good agreement with ...

1. The identification of cholesterol as a constituent in the genesis of coronary artery disease in man and experimental animals are well documented. 2. The hypolipidemic effects of Commiphora mukul (guggulu) and Alium sativum (Garlic powder) were screened in dog and Presbytis monkeys. 3. Progressive decrease in the mean values ...