To quantify the energy value of fermentable starch, 10 groups of 14 pigs were assigned to one of two dietary treatments comprising diets containing 45% of either pregelatinized (P) or retrograded (R) corn starch. In both diets, a contrast in natural (13)C enrichment between the starch and nonstarch components of ...

The present study evaluated whether dietary arginine (Arg) supplementation could attenuate immune challenge induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis C500 (S.C500) through the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) signalling pathway in weaned piglets. A total of thirty-six weaned pigs were randomly allocated into six groups with six ...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of excess levels of Leu and Lys on the expression of b(0,+) and CAT-1 mRNA in jejunum, liver and the muscles Longissimus dorsi (LDM) and Semitendinosus (STM). Twenty pigs with an average initial BW of 16.4 ± 1.7 kg were used in a Randomized Complete ...

BACKGROUND: Successful small intestinal (SI) adaptation following surgical resection is essential for optimizing newborn growth and development, but the potential for adaptation is unknown. The authors developed an SI resection model in neonatal piglets supported by intravenous and enteral nutrition. METHODS: Piglets (n = 33, 12-13 days old) were randomized ...

The objectives of this study were to determine nitrogen loss at different stages of growth and during the entire growing period, and to investigate the associations between nitrogen excretion and production traits in growing pigs. Data from 315 pigs of an F(2) population which originated from crossing Pietrain sires with ...

We previously demonstrated that intra-uterine growth-restricted (IUGR) Yucatan miniature pigs develop modestly elevated blood pressure (BP) as young adults. The present study evaluated the effects of a post-weaning Western-style, high-salt-fat-sugar (HSFS) diet on early programming of BP. IUGR piglets (3 d old, 0·77 (sem 0·04) kg, n 6) were paired with normal ...

Twenty corn co-products from various wet- and dry-grind ethanol plants were fed to finishing pigs to determine DE and ME, and to generate equations predicting DE and ME based on chemical analysis. A basal diet was composed of corn (97.05%), limestone, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, and trace minerals. Twenty test ...

An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in fermented soybean meal (FSBM) are greater than conventional soybean meal (SBM-CV) when fed to growing pigs. Four diets were formulated to contain FSBM or SBM-CV ...

The influence of dietary nutrient concentration on growth performance, manure composition, and gas emission was studied in pigs in hot environmental conditions. A total of 64 intact males and 64 females [(Landrace x Large White) x Pietrain] weighing 63.1 ± 9.7 kg were divided into 2 dietary treatments: high (HD: ...

Two experiments were conducted to determine the requirement of available P (aP) of pigs selected for high lean deposition during summer (maximum and minimum temperatures of 29.8 ± 3.6 and 21.3 ± 1.1ºC, respectively; Exp. 1) and winter (maximum and minimum temperatures of 24.7 ± 2.1 and 9.1 ± 1.6ºC, ...

Population studies show that greater red and processed meat consumption increases colorectal cancer risk, whereas dietary fibre is protective. In rats, resistant starches (a dietary fibre component) oppose colonocyte DNA strand breaks induced by high red meat diets, consistent with epidemiological data. Protection appears to be through SCFA, particularly butyrate, ...

An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of adding graded levels of microbial phytase to corn, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), high protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG), and corn germ on the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P. A second objective was to develop regression equations to ...

ABSTRACTTwo 21-d experiments were conducted to determine the optimum standardized ileal digestible (SID) Trp:Lys in growing pigs fed corn-based diets compared with non-corn-based diets. The primary response variables in both experiments were ADG and plasma urea N (PUN) concentrations with the optimum SID Trp:Lys determined using broken-line analysis. Experiment 1 ...

Dietary CLA has been reported to decrease backfat and increase marbling in pigs. Our objective was to determine if the increase in marbling involved changes in intramuscular adipocyte number or size, or both. Twenty barrows (53 kg) were penned in pairs and pens were randomly assigned to receive diets containing ...

The effects of gender and castration of females (IF, intact females; CF, castrated females; CM, castrated males) on performance and carcass and meat quality were studied in crossbred pigs (Landrace×Large White dams×Duroc sires) slaughtered at 119.2 (experiment 1) or 131.6 (experiment 2) kg body weight. Intact females had better feed ...

Lysozyme is a 1,4-β-N-acetylmuramidase that has antimicrobial properties. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of a purified granulated lysozyme, compared to antibiotics, on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and Campylobacter shedding in 10-d-old pigs. Forty-eight pigs (n = 16), with an initial weight of 4.0 ± ...

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has low and variable AA digestibility. The variability is often attributed to damage during the heating process and it has been suggested that the damage happens to the soluble components of DDGS such as reducing sugars. Combining solubles and grains sometimes produces "syrup balls" ...

Our aim of the study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic activity of leaf juice of Catharanthus roseus (Linn.) G. Donn. in guinea pigs. Adult guinea pigs of either sex were divided into seven groups: group 1 - normal diet; group 2 - high fat diet; group 3 and 4 - ...

Persistence of Salmonella in the environment is an important factor influencing the transmission of infection in pig production. This study evaluated the effects of acid tolerance response (ATR), organic acid supplementation, and physical properties of feed on survival of a five-strain Salmonella mixture in porcine faeces held at 4°C and ...

Whether post-natal long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) elevates bone mineral content (BMC) of small and normal neonates was studied using pregnant rats and guinea pigs fed a control (C) diet or low protein (LP) diet to induce small neonates followed by C or LCPUFA diets during lactation. Measurements (days ...

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary crude glycerol and dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growing-finishing pig performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass fat quality. We hypothesized that because dietary crude glycerol has been observed to increase carcass saturated fatty acids, it might ameliorate the negative ...

A total of 150 weanling pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc] with an average BW of 7.22 ± 0.80 kg (21 d of age) were used in a 28-d trial to determine the effects of dietary fructan and mannan oligosaccharides on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, and diarrhea score ...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and health status of weanling pigs. The first experiment evaluated effects of increasing concentrations of DDGS on growth performance and health of weanling pigs. For Exp. 1, dietary treatments included: 1) control ...

Three studies were performed to examine the effect of starch and protein digestion rate on N retention in grower pigs. In Exp. 1, the glycemic index (GI) of corn, a malting barley, and a slow rumen-degradable barley (SRD-barley) were measured using 6 barrows (BW = 18.0 ± 0.5 kg). The ...

The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that differences in the digestibility of total dietary fiber (TDF) among breeds of pigs is influenced by the type of fiber fed and also by the age of the pig. Five Meishan pigs (BW: 77.2 ± 15.2 kg; 5 mo ...

In a previous study with limit-fed gestating gilts, we observed that gilts fed 6 times/d had greater ADG than those fed the same amount over 2 feedings. To confirm these earlier responses, we used finishing pigs as a model in two 42-d trials and two 28-d trials to evaluate the ...

Two studies were conducted to determine the impact of supplementation of diets containing ensiled cassava leaves as the main protein source with synthetic amino acids, DL: -methionine alone or with L: -lysine. In study 1, a total of 40 pigs in five units, all cross-breds between Large White and Mong ...

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a moderate level of 2 different fiber sources on energy metabolites, mitochondrial biogenesis in the intestine, liver and muscle, and the expression of some genes that regulate energy metabolism in intestine, liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Female pigs (n = ...

In the present study three connected F(2) crosses were used to map QTL for classical fat traits as well as fat related metabolic and cytological traits in pigs. The founder breeds were Chinese Meishan, European Wild Boar and Pietrain with to some extent same founder animals in different crosses. The ...

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether 3 different clays in the nursery diet reduce diarrhea of weaned pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E. coli. Weaned pigs (21 d old) were housed in individual pens of disease containment chambers for 16 d (4 d before and 12 d after ...

This study investigated the effects of delayed access to feed and water on early duckling growth, selected aspects of intestinal physiology, and immune responses. Ducklings were assigned to one of 2 experimental groups. In one treatment group (referred to as the fed group), feed and water were provided beginning on ...

This study was designed to examine the effect of crude fibre (CF) content and particle size of the diet on growth performance, carcass yield and gastric mucosa integrity. The experimental design was a 2×2 factorial trial with 192 pigs fed from 24 to 110kg bodyweight. Four diets were compared: (1) ...

Four experiments were conducted to investigate effects of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and dietary S on feed preference and performance of pigs. In a 10-d feed preference experiment (Exp. 1), 48 barrows (20.1 ± 2.2 kg BW) were randomly allotted to 3 treatment groups with 8 replicate pens ...

Thirty-six crossbred barrows with an average initial age of 42 d and BW of 13.8 kg were placed in individual metabolism crates in a 35-d experiment to evaluate the supplementation of a semipurified diet with graded levels of crystalline niacin. Response criteria were energy and N balance, growth performance, occurrence ...

Two experiments with 72 slaughter pigs in each were conducted. Entire males and females were individually fed restricted. Palm kernel-, soybean- and fish-oil were used in varying combinations, giving different dietary fat levels (29-80g/kg) and iodine values ranging from 50 to 131. Shoulder fat was analysed for fatty acid composition ...

Background: The human infant accumulates body fat during intrauterine life. The guinea pig shares this characteristic and is born with similar adiposity; thus, it may be a relevant model to study obesity programming. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate guinea pig adipose tissue (AT) development and the ...

Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have risen to alarming proportions, and there is a need for therapeutic and preventive measures. The polyphenol resveratrol (RES) protects against CVDs, but in vivo molecular mechanisms responsible for protection are not yet understood. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) are involved in the development of ...

Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is caused by a defect in glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier. The main symptoms are epilepsy, developmental delay, movement disorders, and deceleration of head circumference. A ketogenic diet has been shown to be effective in controlling epilepsy in GLUT1-DS. We report a ...

Plasma urea N (PUN) has been used as an indicator of AA requirements and efficiency of AA utilization in swine. However, PUN concentrations vary among a population of pigs, even with a close range of BW and fed the same diet. Thus, pre-treatment or baseline PUN concentrations are used as ...

The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary n-3 and n-6 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) on clinical outcome in a porcine model on early aortic vascular prosthetic graft infection (AVPGI). A total of eighty-four pigs were randomised to a 35 d dietary treatment with 10 % (w/w) fish oil (rich ...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of keratinase for growing and nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, six pigs (32.3 +/- 2.8 kg body weight), fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum, were assigned to one of two 3 x 3 Latin squares involving three periods and three ...

This study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two organic zinc compounds, a zinc glycinate complex and a zinc amino acid chelate with that of zinc sulphate in growing pigs fed a basal diet composed mainly of wheat, barley and soybean meal. The experiment included 96 pigs with an ...

Two experiments were conducted to estimate the digestibility of energy, nitrogen and amino acids (AA) in growing pigs fed diets containing one of five corn distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS), including three normal oil DDGS (NO-DDGS) and two low oil DDGS (LO-DDGS) samples. Exp. 1 was conducted to determine ...

In previous studies, dietary nucleotides have been shown to improve performance in single-stomached animals by promoting the renewal of small intestine epithelial cells and by influencing the activity and composition of the microbial community in the digestive tract. The present experiment was carried out with 12 barrows weaned at the ...

In this study, we investigate the long-term exposure (20 weeks) to fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) in grower-finisher pigs by conducting a quantitative exposure assessment (QEA). Our analytical approach involved both deterministic and semi-stochastic modeling for dietary comparative analyses of FB(1) exposures originating from genetically engineered Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-corn, conventional non-Bt corn ...

We used the pig as a model to assess the effects of dietary fat content and composition on nutrient oxidation and energy partitioning in positive energy balance. Pigs weighing 25 kg were assigned to either: 1) a low fat-high starch diet, or 2) a high saturated-fat diet, or 3) a ...

This study was conducted to investigate effects of fermented mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) by-product diets on the growth performance and carcass traits in growing-fattening Berkshire pigs. The fermented diets mainly contained 40.0% mushroom by-product, 20.0% formula feed, 26.0% rice bran and supplemental 0.1% probiotics. The mixed ingredients were fermented for 5 days ...

Predicting aspects of pork quality is becoming increasingly important from a nutritional as well as a technological point of view. Here, the influence of increasing PUFA and iodine values (IV) in feed and pigs on sensory qualities of short- and long-term frozen stored products was investigated. Entire male and female ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Diabetes is thought to accelerate cardiovascular disease depending on the type of diet. This study in diabetic subjects was performed to investigate the metabolic, inflammatory and cardiovascular effects of nutritional components typically present in a Western, Mediterranean or high glycaemic diet. METHODS: Streptozotocin-diabetic pigs (~45 kg) were fed ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine complex supplementation on the growth performance, immunity and serological traits of pigs, and the feasibility of its use as a substitute for antibiotics. Thirty-six weaned pigs LYD with average initial body weight of 10 ± 0.55 kg ...