Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn (CDG) and sorghum (SDG) wet distillers grains with solubles on feedlot cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and apparent total tract digestion of nutrients. In Exp. 1, 224 steers were used in a randomized complete block design (initial BW 391.1 +/- 9.51 ...

To evaluate the impact of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) on carcass cutability and tenderness of calf-fed Holstein steers, calf-fed Holstein carcasses (n = 102) were selected from a pool of 2,300 steers that were fed 0 or 8.3 mg/kg (DM basis) of ZH. Zilpaterol hydrochloride was supplemented the last 20 d ...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feed delivery method on growth, feeding competition, feeding, and sorting behavior of dairy heifers. Thirty-two Holstein heifers (146.2+/-21.9 d of age) were divided into 8 groups of 4 and exposed to 1 of 2 feed delivery treatments for 13 ...

Phosphorus is an expensive nutrient to supplement, and excess may lead to manure P challenges. Therefore, minimizing dietary P to meet requirements is important. Two experiments were conducted to determine the P requirement of finishing cattle (Exp. 1) and to evaluate the effects of feeding different P concentrations on the ...

Two finishing experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of 25% dried corn distillers grains with solubles (DDG) in beef cattle finishing diets by partially replacing a portion of the grain and soybean meal in the control diets. In Exp.1, crossbred heifers (n = 377; BW 378 +/- 4.1 kg) ...

Beef steers (n = 11,877) from 7 studies were fed zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) for 0 or 20 to 40 d before slaughter to determine the effects of ZH on subprimal weight and yield. Carcasses were selected based on mean HCW of treatment groups for fabrication into boneless, closely trimmed, or ...

Previous research demonstrated increased plasma ghrelin concentrations in beef cattle when intake of a high-grain diet was restricted. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether differences in DMI influenced plasma ghrelin concentrations when energy intake was similar but cattle were in either an anabolic or a catabolic state. In Exp. ...

Analyses were conducted to evaluate the ability of the USDA yield grade equation to detect differences in subprimal yield of beef-type steers and calf-fed Holstein steers that had been fed zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; Intervet Inc., Millsboro, DE) as well as those that had not been fed ZH. Beef-type steer (n ...

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of winter growing program on organ mass, composition, and oxygen consumption in beef steers. A total of 46 steers were used for the experiment. Four steers were randomly selected as an initial slaughter group. Remaining steers were randomly allotted to ...

We hypothesized that increasing ruminal pH would lead to enrichment of adipose tissue with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Twenty-four Korean native (Hanwoo) steers were used to investigate the additive effects of monensin (30ppm, SO-BM) and/or fish oil (0.7%, SO-BMF) in the diets along with soybean oil (7%) and sodium bicarbonate ...

Effects of genotype and slaughter weight on growth performance and carcass quality of Brahman x Thai native (BRA) and Charolais x Thai native (CHA) crossbred bulls were studied. Thirty-four BRA and 34 CHA bulls raised under practical fattening beef farm conditions were randomly selected and slaughtered at 500, 550 and ...

Adipocyte differentiation is probably controlled by transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. Longissimus lumborum from Angus steers (aged 155 d; seven animals per diet) fed high-starch or low-starch diets for 112 d (growing phase) followed by a common high-starch diet for an additional 112 d (finishing phase) was biopsied at 0, 56, ...

This experiment aimed to quantify the methane emissions and intake, digestibility, performance, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle offered maize (Zea mays) silages harvested at 1 of 4 sequential stages of maturity and to relate these values to those obtained from animals offered an ad libitum concentrate-based diet. Sixty ...

A randomized complete block design experiment with 360 single-source black yearling steers (average BW = 316.1 +/- 9.1 kg) fed a 91% concentrate (steam-flaked corn base) diet was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplemental vitamin A (0, 1,103, 2,205, 4,410, or 8,820 IU/kg of dietary DM) on plasma and ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of winter growing program on subsequent finishing performance, carcass merit, and body composition of beef steers. Four steers were slaughtered to determine initial body composition. Remaining steers (n = 256) were blocked by BW and randomly allotted to 1 of ...

To examine the extent of the effect of muscular hypertrophy character in beef of northern-Spanish breeds, animal performance and carcass characteristics of 152 finishing steers from 5 genotypes were studied: 32 yearling bulls from a rustic Asturiana de la Monta?a (AM) breed, 96 yearling bulls from Asturiana de los Valles ...

Two studies using beef and calf-fed Holstein cattle were conducted to determine the effect of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation on the color of strip loin steaks packaged in traditional and modified-atmosphere packaging. Select (USDA) strip loins were obtained from the carcasses of beef (n = 118) or calf-fed Holstein (n ...

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of combinations of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) and wet distillers grain plus solubles (WDGS) in dry-rolled and high-moisture corn-based finishing diets for beef cattle. In Exp. 1, 250 steers (BW = 343 +/- 13.5 kg) were fed 5 treatments consisting of ...

Cinnamaldehyde (CIN), a natural chemical compound found in the bark of cinnamon trees, can alter rumen fermentation by inhibiting selected ruminal microbes, and consequently, may improve growth performance and feed efficiency of animals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing the diet of feedlot cattle ...

Effects of varying bulk densities of steam-flaked corn (SFC) and level of inclusion of roughage in feedlot diets were evaluated in 3 experiments. In Exp. 1, a total of 128 beef steers were used in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement to evaluate the effects of bulk density of SFC ...

Ground, raw soybeans (SB), or dried distillers grain plus solubles (DDGS) were utilized in heifer development diets to determine the effect of dietary fat and protein source on hormone and follicle characteristics and ADG. The experiment was conducted over 2 yr with 100 June-born heifers (199 +/- 2 kg initial ...

Ninety-six European crossbred steers were fed a barley-based finishing diet for differing lengths of time (34-104 days) to investigate if adding dietary buffer (sodium sesquicarbonate at 1.5% as fed) could improve the trans-18:1 (GC-FID) and CLA (Ag(+)-HPLC-DAD) content and isomeric profile of beef produced. Results indicate that the addition of ...

A total of 432 crossbred yearling steers (395 kg +/- 6.35) were used in a randomized block experiment to study the effects of rumen degradable intake protein (DIP) and rumen undegradable intake protein (UIP) concentration on feedlot performance and carcass merit. The 6 dietary treatments used for this study included ...

The objective of the study was to determine the meat quality of Nguni steers supplemented with Acacia karroo leaf-meal. Thirty 19-month old steers were randomly assigned to A. karroo leaf-meal (AK), sunflower cake (SF) and a control (CN) diets. Steers on the AK and SF diets were given an additional ...

A considerable amount of information has been generated on the feeding value and impact of corn dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) on meat quality, whereas little is known about the effects of wheat DDGS on meat quality, and no direct comparison of these two sources of DDGS has been ...

Carcase and meat quality of young bulls raised on one of three fattening strategies from 224 to 450 kg were compared. One group was fed concentrates (CON), another group grazed on lucerne plus 1.8 kg DM barley/day (LUC) and the last group had the same management as LUC young bulls ...

In order to evaluate the effect of protein supplementation on the productive and reproductive performance of heifers, 45 Bos indicus x Bos taurus heifers, 673 +/- 146 days of age and weighing about 340 kg, were divided into two groups. The control group (n = 23) continued without supplementation, but ...

Two studies were conducted to evaluate effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and alfalfa hay (AH) or corn silage (CS) on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, ruminal fermentation, and diet digestibility in cattle fed steam-flaked corn (SFC) diets. In trial 1, crossbred heifers (n = 358; BW = 353 ...

The objective of this study was to characterize breeds representing diverse biological types for postweaning growth and carcass composition traits in terminal crossbred cattle. Postweaning growth and carcass traits were analyzed on 464 steers and 439 heifers obtained by mating F(1) cows to Charolais and MARC III (1/4 Hereford, 1/4 ...

Bioelectrical impedance technology (BIA) is capable of providing an objective method of beef carcass yield estimation with the rapidity of yield grading. Electrical resistance (Rs), reactance (Xc), impedance (I), hot carcass weight (HCW), fat thickness between the 12th and 13th ribs (FT), estimated percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH%), ...

Growth and digestibility were examined for heifers limit fed high- (HC; 60%) and low-concentrate (LC; 20%) diets with or without yeast culture (YC) addition in 2 experiments. A third experiment was undertaken to monitor first-lactation production of heifers limit fed HC or LC diets. In experiment 1, 32 Holstein heifers ...

The influences of nutritional protein and energy during early and mid pregnancy on milk production and postpartum reproductive parameters were determined in 70 beef heifers of two composite breeds (Bos indicus X Bos taurus). At artificial insemination (AI), heifers were divided into four dietary treatment groups identified by the level ...

The effects of feeding finishing diets containing whole corn with no roughage on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers were evaluated in 6 trials conducted at commercial research facilities (Bos Technica Research Services Inc., Salina, KS) in the Southern Plains of the United States. One hundred and two feedlot ...

The objective was to evaluate the effects of an extended withdrawal period after feeding the beta-adrenergic agonist zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) for 20 d at the end of the feeding period. Three hundred eighty-four crossbred beef steers were blocked by BW and randomly allocated into 64 pens (6 steers/pen). Pens were ...

Even though the concept of residual feed intake (RFI) is well accepted, several questions remain regarding other traits that may be associated with selection for decreased RFI. These include DM digestibility, carcass composition, profitability, and performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the difference in those traits between ...

Two half-sib families of backcross progeny were produced by mating F(1) Line 1 Hereford (L1) x composite gene combination (CGC) bulls with L1 and CGC cows. Feed intake and periodic weights were measured for 218 backcross progeny. These progenies were genotyped using 232 microsatellite markers that spanned the 29 BTA. ...

Carcass data base of 164 Creole male goats was used in order to provide factual data on the carcass conformation. Standardised procedures of carcass measuring and cutting were followed. The European official grid of light lamb is implemented for meat goat in the French West Indies and included five levels. ...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) to enhance growth performance and carcass characteristics in calf-fed Holstein steers. In Exp. 1, Holstein steers (n = 2,311) were fed in a large-pen trial in 2 phases at a commercial feed yard in the desert Southwest. In ...

Eighty Angus and Angus x Simmental steer calves were used in a completely random design to determine the effect of rate of BW gain during the backgrounding period on subsequent feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and sensory analysis. Animals were stratified by BW and allotted randomly to ...

Seventy-two crossbred and purebred beef steers (296 +/- 9 kg initial BW) were used in a completely randomized design to determine effects of 30% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 29.2% CP, 9.7% fat, DM basis) inclusion during the growing or finishing period on DMI, performance, carcass, and meat quality ...

Three experiments were conducted examining the effects of feeding different levels of dried distillers grains (DDG) and different proportions of condensed distillers solubles (CDS) added to DDG on performance and digestibility in forage-fed steers. In Exp. 1, a total of 120 individually fed crossbred steers (276 +/- 31 kg) were ...

Top sirloin butt steaks were used to determine the effects on color stability of supplementing zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) to beef and calf-fed Holstein steers. This study compared the effects of dietary ZH supplementation for 0, 20, 30, or 40 d on feed. One-half of the top sirloin butts were enhanced ...

The impact of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) on carcass yield, composition, and tenderness was evaluated using 384 beef steers in a randomized complete block design. Main effects were the addition of 0 or 8.3 mg/kg of ZH for the final 20 d of feeding and each inclusion level was paired with ...

The objective of the present experiment was to describe the sward canopy structures of 3 different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) pastures and relate them to short-term herbage intake rate and foraging dynamics by steers. Pastures were sampled for leaf and stem fractions at the bottom, middle, and top canopy strata. ...

This study sought to evaluate the effects of teeth maturity and carcass fatness on physical and sensory traits of the beef ribeye (M. longissimus thoracis). Carcass sides (n=60) of Nellore steers were grouped into six categories, according to teeth maturity (2, 4 and 6 permanent incisors), and fatness (2 - ...

The objective of this study was to determine if wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) from corn in diets affected Escherichia coli O157:H7 in growing and finishing cattle; steers (n = 603) were randomly assigned to diets with or without WDGS. Hide and fecal samples were collected monthly (October through ...

Purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion in cattle induces clinical and metabolic responses similar to gram-negative bacterial infection. Effects of LPS and dietary protein on rectal temperature, serum hormones, haptoglobin, plasma urea N and AA, and N balance were evaluated in 24 steers (250 +/- 2.8 kg of BW). Treatments were a ...

The objective of these studies was to evaluate the effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH), fed for 0, 20, or 30 d, on meat quality attributes of calf-fed Holstein steers. Steers were slaughtered at a commercial facility, and carcasses were selected by HCW to represent the pen mean. Further carcass selection ...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate quality and yield attributes of Mexican beef carcasses to serve as a benchmark for production in the Mexican beef cattle industry. Seven packing plants were surveyed nationwide. Carcass yield and quality traits were assessed in the cooler at approximately 24 h ...

Accurate measurements of enteric methane (CH(4)) emissions from cattle (Bos taurus) are necessary to improve emission coefficients used in national emissions inventories, and to evaluate mitigation strategies. Our study was conducted to evaluate a novel approach that allowed near continuous CH(4) measurement from beef cattle confined in pens. The backward ...