ABSTRACT: Backround The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dietary supplementation (copper or copper and resveratrol) on the intensity of carcinogenesis and the frequency of microsatellite instability in a widely used model of mammary carcinogenesis induced in the rat by treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). METHODS: ...

Introduction:We investigated the use of dietary omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the treatment of neuroblastoma both as a sole agent and in combination with sunitinib, a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor.Results:Substitution of all dietary fat with menhaden oil (ω-3 PUFA rich) resulted in a 40-70% inhibition of tumor ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Western diets increase colon cancer risk. Epidemiological evidence and experimental studies suggest that ginseng can inhibit colon cancer development. In this study we asked if ginseng could inhibit Western diet (20% fat) promoted colonic tumorigenesis and if compound K, a microbial metabolite of ginseng could suppress colon cancer ...

In the present study, chemopreventive potential of Glycine max (G. Max) seeds was examined against DMBA-induced skin and MCA-induced cervical papillomagenesis in Swiss albino mice. Different doses (2.5, 5, and 7.5% w/w) of G. max were provided to animals in feed. Results exhibited a significant reduction in skin as well ...

We evaluated whether high-fat diet (HFD), in the absence of increased calorie intake, increases colon cancer growth and metastasis. Four-week-old male BALB/c mice were fed on an HFD (60 kcal% fat) or control diet (10 kcal% fat) for 16 wk, after which CT26 colon cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank. ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: High-fat diets (HFD) are known to cause obesity and are associated with breast cancer progression and metastasis. Because obesity is associated with breast cancer progression, it is important to determine whether dietary fat per se stimulates breast cancer progression in the absence of obesity. This study investigated whether ...

The authors prospectively examined the association between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet score, overall, animal-based, and vegetable-based low-carbohydrate-diet scores, and major plant food groups and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in 86,621 women in the Nurses' Health Study. Diet scores were calculated by using data from up ...

Vegetarian diets have long been thought of as beneficial to health. However, vegetarian diets are often low in protein, which is contradictory to the high protein diet guideline for uraemia patients. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of a vegetarian diet on the nutritional status of ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Tumor patients exhibit an increased peripheral demand of fatty acids and protein. Contrarily, tumors utilize glucose as their main source of energy supply. Thus, a diet supplying the cancer patient with sufficient fat and protein for his demands while restricting the carbohydrates (CHO) tumors thrive on, could be ...

OBJECTIVE: Animal studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil inhibits colorectal cancer growth. Recent data indicate that walnuts have strong antiproliferative properties against colon cancer cells in vitro but no previous study has assessed the effects of walnuts in vivo or performed a joint evaluation of flaxseed oil and walnuts. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Even in the presence of oxygen, malignant cells often highly depend on glycolysis for energy generation, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. One strategy targeting this metabolic phenotype is glucose restriction by administration of a high-fat, low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet. Under these conditions, ketone bodies are generated serving ...

Background: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which is released as a soluble form by ectodomain shedding of TNF-α converting enzyme (Tace), is known to play a pivotal role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. The role of Tace in obesity-induced metabolic disorders was to be clarified in this study. Methods and Results: Transgenic ...

Walnuts contain multiple ingredients that, individually, have been shown to slow cancer growth, including omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytosterols. In previous research, consumption of walnuts has slowed the growth of implanted breast cancers. We wanted to determine whether regular walnut consumption might reduce the risk for developing cancer. Homozygous ...

BACKGROUND: Diuron is widely used in agriculture but its deleterious effects on the reproductive system and mammary gland are still poorly understood. This study evaluated whether early-life-stage exposure to Diuron alters puberty onset or susceptibility to mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pregnant rats received basal diet ...

Since cancer cells depend on glucose more than normal cells, we compared the effects of low carbohydrate (CHO) diets to a Western diet on the growth rate of tumors in mice. To avoid caloric restriction-induced effects, we designed the low CHO diets isocaloric with the Western diet by increasing protein ...

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), upon incorporation into tumor tissue, has the potential to sensitize tumors to the effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Although DHA has usually been supplied to tumor tissue in the diet, appropriate dietary conditions required to obtain optimal tumor levels have not been established. Hence, we studied ...

Etiologic factors for pancreatic cancer, the fourth deadliest malignant neoplasm in the United States, include obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism. Calorie restriction (CR) and rapamycin each affect energy metabolism and cell survival pathways via inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Using a Panc02 murine pancreatic cancer cell transplant ...

In the present study, the ability of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1) ) to induce endogenous oxidative damages and the possible ameliorating effects of dietary melatonin (MEL) were investigated. Newly hatched broiler chicks (n = 240) were fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets (0.5 or 1 mg kg(-1) diet) with or without MEL (40 mg ...

Purpose: To determine if the time-dependent association between total sodium removal and mortality in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is confounded by markers of diet and nutrition. ♢ METHODS: The study enrolled 305 incident patients who started CAPD between July 2002 and February 2007. All patients were followed ...

The purposes of this study were to determine optimum flip angles (FAs) and to compare the effectiveness of fat suppression and signal homogeneity among three techniques, spectral attenuated with inversion recovery (SPAIR), principle of selective excitation technique (PROSET), and three-point DIXON technique (DIXON), of the bilateral breast dynamic sequence acquired ...

No studies have investigated dietary differences between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive tumors and patients with HPV-negative tumors. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between diet and HPV status in HNSCC patients. Cases of HNSCC were recruited from 2 clinical centers ...

The etiological agent of necrotic enteritis is Clostridium perfringens. Traditionally, necrotic enteritis is controlled with in-feed antibiotics. However, increasing consumer demand for drug-free poultry has fostered the search for nonantibiotic alternatives. Yeast extract contain nucleotides that are immunomodulatory and also essential for cellular functions. An experiment was conducted to evaluate ...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of applying heat treatment and methionine (Met) supplementation to improve the use of bitter vetch (BV) as a feed ingredient in the growth diet of broilers. A total of 540 Ross-308 chicks were fed various BV-supplemented diets between the ages of ...

These trials examined whether the demonstrated effects of embryonic and dietary carotenoid exposure on the inflammatory immune response in fast growing chickens also occur in slow growing chickens. The systemic and local inflammatory responses of chicks were examined in two experiments with two in ovo lutein levels (C+, carotenoid replete; ...

A total of 684 Hisex Brown day-old chicks were studied. The chicks were randomly assigned into three groups as follows: (1) chicks with immediate feed access; (2) chicks with 48 h delay in feed access, and (3) chicks with 72 h delay in feed access. For each group, chicks were ...

Arginine is an essential amino acid in Aves and is also an important substrate for the immune system. Dietary Arg in avian diets must be sufficient to not only support growth but also immunity. To better understand Arg needs for immunity, 2 experiments examined markers of Arg use by the ...

Live poultry is an important vehicle for transmitting Salmonella Typhimurium to humans that have salmonellosis. It is therefore imperative to reduce Salmonella Typhimurium levels in the gastrointestinal tract of live chickens. Glutamine is an established immunonutrient that is capable of alleviating disease conditions in humans and rats. Thus, 2 experiments ...

Fledging is a major life transition for birds, when juveniles move from the safety of a nest into an environment where they must find food and avoid predators. The timing of fledging within a season can have significant effects on future survival and breeding success. Proximate triggers of fledging are ...

Behavioral effects resulting from exposure to dietary methylmercury (MeHg) have been reported in studies of several wildlife species. However, quantifying the impact of contaminant exposure on wild populations is complicated by the confounding effects of other environmental stressors. We controlled confounding stressors in a laboratory study to quantify the level ...

Wild animals are well-known reservoirs of Campylobacter and Salmonella. We investigated the influence of insalubrious diets on the prevalence of both enterobacteria in seagulls. Campylobacter occurrence in gull chicks sampled along the northeastern Iberian coast was directly related to the degree of refuse consumption. High Salmonella values from the sampling ...

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of different levels of specific IgY (sIgY) and nonspecific IgY (nsIgY) egg yolk antibody powder on growth performance, immune functions, and intestinal morphology of Escherichia coli O78:K80-challenged broiler chicks. Lyophilized antibody isolated by the water-dilution method was obtained from ...

1. An experiment (21 d) was conducted to determine if the response of chicks to a cocktail of xylanase, amylase, and protease (XAP) or Escherichia coli-derived phytase individually or in combination when fed a nutritionally marginal maize-soybean meal diet is age-dependent. 2. A total of 250 one-day-old Ven Cobb broiler ...

By the time of hatching, the residual yolk sac (RYS) should be completely internalized into the body cavity of the chick via the navel and the navel should be closed (healed). After hatching, the RYS contents are used for general growth and development including growth of the small intestine. This ...

Diclofenac toxicity was studied in male broiler chicks (Cobb strain) of a day old age. The chicks were randomly divided into eight groups consisting of 10 in each group. Group 1 was kept as basal diet control (1-32 days), group 2 on basal diet for 32 days + diclofenac (0.8 ...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin, an antioxidant found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder (TMP), to ameliorate changes in gene expression in the livers of broiler chicks fed aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)). Four pen replicates of 5 chicks each were assigned to each of ...

Developmental changes in immunocompetent cells of the gut during the first week posthatch were determined in broiler chicks fed immunobiotic lactic acid bacteria in the form of Lactobacillus jensenii TL2937-, Lactobacillus gasseri JCM1131(T)-, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus NIAIB6-, or L. gasseri TL2919-supplemented diets. The relative weights of spleen and bursa ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of isoenergetic substitution between the three energy delivering macronutrients in pre-starter diets on performance and intermediary nutrient metabolism in broiler chickens. From hatch until 5 days of age, 600 chicks, collected during peak of hatch, were fed one of the ...

Two experiments were conducted with New Hampshire x Columbian chicks fed a corn-soybean meal diet to examine the efficacy of varying levels and combinations of Grobiotic P (GB), a prebiotic-type product that contains dairy and yeast fractions and dried fermentation extracts, gluconic acid, and yeast cell wall (YCW) on growth ...

Two experiments were done to determine the influence of Phe imbalance and excess on Phe-pyruvate aminotransferase (PAT) activity in the chick. Five replicates of 3 chicks (experiment 1) or 2 chicks (experiment 2) of a commercial brown egg layer strain were fed a semipurified diet for 1 wk and then ...

The effect of supplementation with increasing levels of dried leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) on feed intake, body weight gain, and carcass yield characteristics of finisher Ross broiler chicks was studied at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Three hundred Ross broiler chicks aging 29 days and weighing 540 +/- 5.28 g ...

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding inorganic or organic Zn and Cu on the performance and tissue mineral content of chicks. A corn-soybean meal diet without Cu and Zn supplementation, containing 31 mg of Zn/kg of diet and 6.6 mg of Cu/kg of diet, was used ...

Starter feeding experiments of broiler chicks with raw grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) supplemented with different levels of DL-methionine were undertaken for 4 weeks to assess the toxicity of grass pea-based feed and to correlate it with neurological symptoms. Four hundred fifty day-old broiler chicks were divided into two groups ...

The cytoplasmic serine/threonine ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K1) plays a critical role in controlling protein translation. There is evidence that amino acids regulate S6K1 and protein synthesis in avian species, but the effect of dietary protein level on the activation of S6K1 in neonatal chicks is unknown. Therefore, the aim ...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the supplementation of an organic acid (citric acid), antibiotic growth promoter (avilamycin), and their combination for a period of 35 d on the growth, feed efficiency, carcass yield, tibia ash, and immune status of broilers. One hundred sixty 1-d-old ...

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a prevalent skeletal abnormality associated with rapid growth rate in many avian species. It is characterized by the presence of a nonvascularized, nonmineralized lesion that extends from the epiphyseal growth plate into the metaphysis of the proximal tibiotarsal bones. In this study, we examined the expression ...

Fourteen days old Rhode Island Red chicks were used to evaluate effects of processed fish offal (fishmeal) on DM intake (DMI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR = DMI/BWG) and carcass traits. Ten chicks were assigned to each of 3 replicates of 6 diets (T(1), T(2), T(3), T(4), ...

Four chick bioassays were conducted to evaluate the threonine (Thr) replacement value of l-homoserine (HS). Growth rate was increased (P < 0.05) by dietary addition of 800 mg l-HS/kg diet to a purified diet severely deficient in Thr or by the addition of 800 or 1000 mg of l-HS/kg diet ...

1. Dietary arginine (ARG) and vitamin E (VE) have been shown to improve immune responses in broiler chickens, but their combined effects have not been well documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of dietary ARG and VE on antibody responses to sheep red blood ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of protexin (probiotic), inulin (prebiotic) and both (synbiotics), when included in a diet containing aflatoxins and fed to growing broiler chicks (from 1 to 21 days old). The criteria of the evaluation included body weight gain, haematological profile and ...

This study was conducted to compare the concentration of standardized digestible (SDD) Lys and relative bioavailable Lys in 7 sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). A second objective was to evaluate 2 in vitro methods, reactive Lys and color score, to predict the concentration of SDD Lys ...