The effect of thymoquinone (TQ), the main constituent of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds, on the nephropathy and oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in rats was investigated. A single intravenous injection of DOX (6 mg/kg) induced a severe nephrotic syndrome (after 5 weeks) associated with hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, ...

PURPOSE: To observe the clinical efficacy of Compound Hypoglycemic Decoction (CHD) and its effect on serum total cholesterol in model mice. METHOD: The paired t test was used to analyze the data recorded before and after administration of drugs for hyperglycemia induced by intraperitoneal injection of 75% egg yolk emulsion ...

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken in 20 hypertriglyceridemic men [plasma triglyceride (TG), >2.3 mM] with low levels (<0.9 mM) of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to investigate the ability of micronized fenofibrate (Tricor or Lipidil; 200 mg/day) to affect atherogenic and thrombogenic plasma risk factors in the fed and ...

Expression of human lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in mice (LCAT-Tg) leads to increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels but paradoxically, enhanced atherosclerosis. We have hypothesized that the absence of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in LCAT-Tg mice facilitates the accumulation of dysfunctional HDL leading to impaired reverse cholesterol transport ...

The Friedewald equation is often used to estimate low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Hormone therapy is known to raise triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and alter lipid contents of lipoproteins. We compared Friedewald estimated LDL-C to measured LDL-C in PEPI participants on placebo or four different hormone treatment groups. ...

BACKGROUND: Familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP) is characterized by the presence of beta-migrating VLDL (beta-VLDL) and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Assessment of plasma beta-VLDL is achieved by measuring the ratio of VLDL-cholesterol (VLDL-C) to total plasma triglycerides (TGs) or by detecting beta-VLDL in total VLDL. The objective of this ...

We investigated the effects of the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor etomoxir (ETO) on food intake and on fat and carbohydrate metabolism in two double-blind crossover studies in male, normal-weight subjects. In study 1, ETO (75 mg [+]-racemate) or placebo was given orally 30 min after completion of a standardized, fat-enriched ...

Low-fat, high-carbohydrate (LF/HC) diets commonly elevate plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations, but the kinetic mechanisms responsible for this effect remain uncertain. Subjects with low TG (normolipidemic [NL]) and those with moderately elevated TG (hypertriglyceridemic [HTG]) were studied on both a control and an LF/HC diet. We measured VLDL particle and TG ...

We investigated 190 healthy, unrelated and randomly selected, north-west Indian Punjabis (M:102; F:88) for paraoxonase (PON1) polymorphism by dual substrate method and also determined lipid variables i.e., total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) in them to determine any relationship between ...

The effect of acute and chronic hyperthyroidism was studied in serum and liver lipids in rats. Wistar adult female rats were separated into three groups. The first group, injected with saline solution was used as control (Co), while the second and third were injected daily with tetraiodothyronine (T4) 10 microg/100 ...

OBJECTIVE: ASP stimulates the clearance of free fatty acids (FFA) from the circulation and the synthesis of triglycerides (TG) in adipose tissue. We tested whether fasting and post-prandial plasma ASP concentrations are increased in Pima Indians, a population with a very high prevalence of obesity, but a remarkably low prevalence ...

The role of plasma triglycerides as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease is still under scrutiny. While recent studies have shown that postprandial triglyceridemia is an independent risk factor, normalization of fasting plasma triglycerides through modification of nutritional habits remains the primary approach in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. To address ...

The involvement of glucocorticoids (GC) in the development of diet-induced obesity and in the concomitant adaptations of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein metabolism were examined. Rats were fed either rodent chow, which maintains a low lipid flux, or a diet high in sucrose and fat (HSF) that increases lipid flux, leading to ...

This study was designed to examine the role of insulin (INS) in regulating changes in lipid metabolism of larval and metamorphosing landlocked lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. Larvae and stage 6 metamorphosing individuals were injected intraperitoneally once per day for 2 days with either saline (0.6%), bovine INS (100 ng/g body weight), ...

Estimates of the average intra-individual biological variability for plasma lipids and lipoproteins differs substantially among published studies. Moreover, this topic does not appear to have received consideration in exercise and health literature with normal, healthy children as subjects. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to determine the short-term, day-to-day ...

We have previously reported that high-fat diets develop hepatic steatosis and, depending on the fat quality, affect serum lipid levels differently (J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 1997, 43, 155-160). The aim of this work is to study the influence of high-fat diets (14% sunflower or olive oils) on serum lipids in ...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of long-term monotherapy with four different beta-blockers on plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic hypertensive patients. We studied 152 subjects with essential hypertension [diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mm Hg], total cholesterol (TC) >240 and <330 mg/dl, and triglycerides (TGs) <300 mg/dl. ...

Triglyceride (TG) enrichment of HDL resulting from cholesteryl ester transfer protein-mediated exchange with TG-rich lipoproteins may enhance the lipolytic transformation and subsequent metabolic clearance of HDL particles in hypertriglyceridemic states. The present study investigates the effect of TG enrichment of HDL on the clearance of HDL-associated apo A-I in humans. ...

Epidemiologic studies have shown that a dyslipoproteinemia with low concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and elevated serum triglycerides (TG) is associated with a particularly high incidence of coronary artery disease. This lipid profile is associated with increased concentrations of small, dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. To evaluate ...

The enzymatic fundamentals of lipid metabolism of equine have not been thoroughly investigated at this point in time. It is still unclear why ponies in contrast to horses may become hyperlipaemic when coming negative energy balance. In this study, the activities of the triglyceride-cleaving key enzymes of ponies are large ...

BACKGROUND: Lipid lowering drugs improve survival. However, intervention studies have focused on reducing serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations and have not considered that levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein (a) and fibrinogen also predict risk and outcome. METHODS: A retrospective survey of patients ...

We examined the physical constitution, serum lipids, fasting serum insulin (IRI), food intake, and physical activity in 1,330 children in three age groups (6-7, 9-10, and 12-13) in Nagao village for the period 1994-1996. Serum total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were positively correlated, and HDL-C and TG ...

This study evaluated the ability of alpha1-adrenergic blockade to interfere with the development of diet-induced hyperlipidemia and deterioration of insulin action. Diets having extremely divergent effects on glucose and lipid metabolism were contrasted. Rats were fed for 4 weeks either a nonpurified diet (chow) or a hyperlipidemic (HL) purified diet ...

Previous studies have shown that the A-IV-347Ser polymorphism is associated with the variability in low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol response to dietary therapy. The present study was designed to evaluate the association of this polymorphism with the individual variability observed in postprandial lipemic response. This polymorphism was characterized in 50 healthy ...

Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is associated with chronic hyperglycemia, which increases the risk of developing microvascular and macrovascular complications. Elevated triglyceride (TG) and VLDL cholesterol levels and low levels of HDL cholesterol have also been frequently reported in NIDDM patients. A diet high in complex carbohydrate and low in ...

Subjects with hypercholesterolaemia (HC) have increased fasting cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and accelerated cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) from HDL to apo B-containing lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of postprandial lipaemia and pravastatin treatment on plasma triglycerides (TG) and CETP activity and on ...

The dyslipidemia of chronic renal failure may worsen after the commencement of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The purpose of this study was to relate baseline and longitudinal changes in the lipid profile to anthropometrics (weight, mid-arm circumference), aspects of treatment (albumin, total protein losses, peritoneal solute transport [dialysate:plasma ratio ...

Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-C/TC levels are important in determining the risk of coronary heart disease. The serum lipids and lipoprotein levels of regularly training sportspersons and non-sporting controls were determined and compared with each other to investigate the effects ...

AIM:To find out the relationship between the disturbances of lipid metabolism and the formation of cholesterol gallstones by studying the changes of lipid metabolism in plasma, liver tissue and the bile.METHODS:Male and female white Japanese rabbits were divided randomly into a control group (Con) and four experimental groups of 10 ...

To assess the usefulness of remnant-like particles (RLPs), which represent potentially atherogenic lipoprotein remnants, as an index of postprandial hyperlipidemia, RLPs and other lipids were measured in 19 healthy adults (23-44 years old) after ingestion of a test meal (fat content, 32.9%). The lipoprotein derivatives, with a marked increase after ...

The effect of dietary fiber on the pattern of postprandial lipemia was examined in two studies with male Wistar rats. In the first study, groups of rats were killed after food deprivation (0 h) or 1, 4.5 or 8.5 h after a high fat test meal containing either cellulose (CL) ...

Among the many known risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) obesity and hypercholesterolaemia are important ones. Whatever may be the risk factor, the basic pathology of CAD is deposition of altered lipids on the endothelium. One of such altered lipid is oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (LDL). Lipid peroxidation ...

The objective of this study was to describe plasma and lipoprotein perturbations in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to controls, and determine if alterations in lipids are related to gestational hormones and/or glucose control. Maternal HbA1c, free fatty acids (FFA), beta-estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and plasma, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine body composition, coronary risk factors and physical activity and the inter-relationships of these variables in Singaporean school children. METHODOLOGY: This study examined 1681 children (784 boys and 897 girls) from eight primary and seven secondary schools to determine percentiles for body stature and composition, blood pressure, lipids/lipoproteins ...

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL EXERCISE ON ARABIAN HORSES FED DIETS CONTAINING CORN OIL AND SOY LECITHIN by Kristen A. Kline Animal and Poultry Sciences (Abstract)<p> Feeding a fat-containing diet to the exercising horse is a facile way to increase energy density without risking the complications associated with hydrolyzable carbohydrates. Fat ...

Triglyceride (TG) enrichment of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in hypertriglyceridemic states renders the particles vulnerable to lipolysis, which reduces their size. In the present study we modified the size and composition of HDL in vivo in hypertriglyceridemic humans by administering a bolus of intravenous heparin, and tested the subsequent clearance ...

We evaluated the effect of AE0047, a dihydropyridine-type calcium antagonist, on the plasma lipid levels of obese Zucker rats. In rats treated orally with 3 to 10 mg/kg/day AE0047 for 7 days, plasma triglyceride (TG) and TG-rich lipoprotein levels dose-dependently decreased, whereas those of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased. Total cholesterol ...

The effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on the levels of lipids in liver and serum were compared between mice fed a diet supplemented with soy bean oil (SO), perilla oil (PO), or fish oil (FO) for 4 weeks. Hepatic content of triglyceride (TG) was significantly lower in the mice fed ...

The effects of ascorbic acid (AA) or vitamin C in atherosclerosis has attracted considerable attention; however results of clinical studies are conflicting. Several studies indicate an increase in plasma triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CH) levels in guinea pigs (GP) that have been fed a diet containing a minimal amount of ...

We studied the determinants of postprandial lipemia in 49 post-coronary-bypass men with low HDL cholesterol (< or = 1.1 mmol/l at screening). The subjects were given a mixed meal containing 63 g fat and 150,000 IU vitamin A. Serum was obtained before and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 h ...

In this paper we propose a calculation of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) not affected by hypertriglyceridemia by using lipid quantities directly measured in total serum. We also propose an algorithm for the classification of nonchylomicronemic dyslipemias. Plasma apolipoproteins (apo) A-I, B, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol of lipoproteins were measured ...

Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and is also commonly associated with other coronary risk factors, ie, small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Dietary fat restriction is recommended for the prevention of nutrition-related cancers. Low-fat, high-carbohydrate ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of lovastatin in African Americans (AA) diagnosed with primary hypercholesterolemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven AA patients from the King/Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles were recruited from the Hypertension, Family Practice, and General Medicine Clinics for a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-one patients completed the 10 ...

Over a thousand subjects who visited a city private medical clinic for health screening and advice were examined for their lipid profile and other cardiovascular risk factors. The mean TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were 5.43, 1.45, 3.61 and 1.15 mmol/l. Their derived ratios viz, TC:HDL-C and LDL:HDL-C were 5.11 ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of BMI at baseline and on-treatment weight change on the lipid-lowering efficacy of diet plus fibric acid derivatives (fibrates) in hypercholesterolemic adults. SUBJECTS: 6003 participants in a Belgian General Practitioners Trial, an open-label, prospective study conducted in a primary care setting. MEASURES: Effect of initial ...

The combination of hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) appears to be an excessively high risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). In the Helsinki study, both coronary events and mortality were decreased by gemfibrozil, especially in subjects with low HDL-C and high triglycerides (TG). On the other hand, ...

To determine the effects of a vegetarian diet with avocado as a source of monounsaturated fat on serum lipids, thirteen patients with phenotype II (twelve with IIa and one with IIb) dyslipidemia were included in a prospective, transversal and comparative study in which three four-week diets randomly assigned were assessed. ...

The biological variability of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was determined in three serial (monthly) capillary and venous specimens from 83 subjects. The analytes were quantified with a desktop analyzer. We saw no differences in the coefficient of biological variability ...

To determine whether an increased risk for atherosclerosis in older humans is related to changes in postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, we compared the dynamic profiles (0-10 hours) of triglyceride (Tg)-rich lipoproteins and the Tg content in VLDL subfractions in elderly and young subjects after an oral fat load. The plasma Tg ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Echolucent carotid atherosclerotic plaques are associated with an increased risk of neurological symptoms. Elevated plasma triglycerides is a risk factor for cerebral and coronary infarction. This study examined these individual pathogenetic risk factors to determine whether they were related. METHODS: We included 85 symptomatic patients with at ...