Elevated serum lipids, blood pressure, and inflammation are related to dietary fat content and can increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Diets lower in saturated fat have been shown to decrease cardiovascular disease risk. Dietary recommendations to consume leaner meats are often misconstrued as instructions to eliminate or greatly reduce ...

The current guidelines for the treatment of high risk lipid disorders do not specify a therapeutic target level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol for cardiovascular disease prevention in high-risk populations. However, as described in this report, there is a substantial body of evidence from basic science and epidemiologic studies and ...

OBJECTIVES: This analysis from the LUNAR (Limiting UNdertreatment of lipids in ACS with Rosuvastatin) study assessed lipid changes 1 to 4 days after onset of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), before initiation of study treatment. BACKGROUND: Early studies indicated that cholesterol levels decrease significantly after ACS. However, most studies were small ...

OBJECTIVES: Bisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment of metabolic bone disorders and their effects on lipid metabolism have also been investigated. Some studies reported that bisphosphonates have beneficial effects on serum cholesterol levels. In this study we aimed to assess the effects of bisphosphonates on lipid levels in hyperlipidemic ...

Cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death in the United States. There has, however, been a decline in the age-adjusted death rate for coronary heart disease. This decline may be due, in part, to more aggressive treatment guidelines for treating cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, and ...

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and are widely used for tumor-associated osteolysis. The mechanism of action of these drugs has not been completely clarified, but it has been observed that N-BPs may inhibit squalene synthase or farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. Zoledronic acid (ZA) represents a novel N-BP which also ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of 3-month kale (Brassica oleracea acephala) juice supplementation on coronary artery disease risk factors among hypercholesterolemic men. METHODS: Thirty-two men with hypercholesterolemia (> 200 mg/dL) were recruited after annual health examinations among the faculty and staff at university. The subjects consumed 150 mL of kale ...

Atherosclerosis develops at an early age. We studied whether cholesterol metabolism in adolescence is related to coronary risk factors later during the adult years. A random population sample of 12-year-old (n=162), 15-year-old (n=158), and 18-year-old (n=148) boys who participated in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study was studied for ...

BACKGROUND: Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol modestly affect lipid levels. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of such SNPs contributes to the risk of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We studied SNPs at nine loci in 5414 subjects from ...

The objective of the present study was to determine the beneficial effects and the safety of oral administration of the combination of berberine (BBR) and plant stanols (PS) on plasma lipid profiles in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Four groups of animals were fed a cornstarch-casein-sucrose-based high-cholesterol (2%, w:w) and high-fat (27.5%) ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between continuous egg consumption with Thai life-style dietary and serum lipids of healthy young people. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty-six participants with an average age of 35 were enrolled. In an experimental method of cholesterol intake, all participants were fed an additional egg per day to ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the course of lipid profiles during and 1 year after inpatient rehabilitation of persons with spinal cord injury, and to determine which personal, lesion, and lifestyle characteristics influence the changes in lipid profiles over time and among subjects. DESIGN: Multilevel regression analysis of measurement points during and ...

Carbohydrate quantity and quality may influence the risk of cardiovascular disease through blood lipid concentrations and inflammation. We measured dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) among 18137 healthy women > or = 45 years old without diagnosed diabetes using a food-frequency questionnaire. We assayed fasting total, high-density ...

The study investigated the effect of chronic tea intake (1.76g/kg bwt/ day/ rat for 42 days) on blood pressure, body weight and blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels). At the end of the study, the tea-treated rats (n=6) had lower ...

AIMS: Dyslipidaemia and hypertension are features of the metabolic syndrome, but the role of dyslipidaemia in the development of hypertension is less clear. We assessed the association of dyslipidaemia with incident hypertension during a 7-year follow-up in a population-based cohort of middle-aged men without hypertension at baseline. METHODS AND RESULTS: ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on lipid metabolism in peri- and postmenopausal women. Forty-six women were enrolled in these studies. The relationship between night-time serum melatonin levels and serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was investigated in ...

Increased triglycerides (TG) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are key metabolic abnormalities in patients with insulin resistance (IR) states, including diabetes mellitus. The TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was advocated as a simple clinical indicator of IR, but studies yielded inconsistent results. The total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was widely used to ...

Carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRD) significantly decrease body weight and independently improve plasma triglycerides (TG) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). Increasing intake of dietary cholesterol from eggs in the context of a low-fat diet maintains the LDL cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C for both hyper- and hypo-responders to dietary cholesterol. In this study, 28 overweight/obese male ...

This study demonstrates that red yeast rice exhibits radical scavenging and antihypercholesterolemic activities in rats fed cholesterol. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided to five dietary groups (normal, chol-control; and M-1, M-2 & M-3 administered 150, 300, and 500 mg/kg red yeast rice, respectively) and fed their respective diets for 4 ...

To develop the diet for Korean type 2 diabetic patients, a consumer survey was conducted (N=35) and was analyzed statistically. The survey compared the results of a questionnaire, somatometry, and blood parameters before and 8 weeks after the experiment. It was divided into Diabetic diet enforcement group (DDE) vs. Non ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrient intakes, blood pressure, and biochemical values and lipid profile in blood according to smoking status. Subjects were recruited from Korean adult men, which included non-smoker (n=47), smoker (n=58), and ex- smoker (n=44) . Anthropometrical measurement, blood pressure measurement, dietary intake ...

Diets consist of two different pork samples: pork of a Jeju crossbred black pig not fed with tangerine peel during finishing period <TEX>$(T_0)$</TEX>, and pork fed with <TEX>$6\%\;and\;10\%$</TEX> tangerine peel during growing and finishing period <TEX>$(T_1)$</TEX>, respectively. The effects of the diet on physiological activities of rats were studied by ...

Previous clinical studies have shown that oral administration of sugar cane policosanol (SCP) reduces plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial was performed in hypercholesterolaemic, diet-resistant patients. Seventy patients meeting the selection criteria were enrolled. Each subject was treated with policosanol 10 ...

It has been found that honey ameliorates cardiovascular risk factors in healthy individuals and in patients with elevated risk factors. The present study investigated the effect of natural honey on total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triacylglycerole, C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and body ...

The reliability and stability of plasma lipid biomarkers and their association with dietary fat intake were evaluated among 48 subjects who were randomly chosen from the participants of a validation study of the population-based cohort, the Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS). Four spot blood samples, one taken each season, were ...

Low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a major cardiovascular risk factor, with a stronger relationship to coronary heart disease than that seen with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). HDL-C has important antiatherogenic effects, including reverse cholesterol transport, inhibition of LDL-C oxidation, and antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory actions. ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate environmental, psychological and physiological stresses in college teachers and housewives, and to correlate with their serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. METHODS: This cohort study was performed at the Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan during 2003-2005. Eighty females from ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the changes in lipid metabolism in postmenopausal Japanese women during continuous combined hormone therapy (HT) in detail by using capillary isotachophoresis (cITP). DESIGN: Twenty-three postmenopausal Japanese women with climacteric symptoms were recruited. Blood samples were collected from all participants before HT ...

Smoking causes decrease of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and increase of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Low HDL-C levels and high cholesterol and LDL-C levels are associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of smoking status on serum ...

We investigated the lipid-lowering effects of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaves in rats fed an high cholesterol diet, and compared with a standard hypolipidemic drug, Questran (Qu). The effects of VA on the lipid profile were assessed by measuring the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ...

This program evaluation examined the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Reduction Program which aims to identify CVD risk factors and reduce these risk factors through health education phone counseling. High risk participants (those having two or more elevated lipid values) are identified from monthly voluntary CVD screenings ...

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease is increasing in urban Indian subjects and lipid abnormalities are important risk factors. To determine secular trends in prevalence of various lipid abnormalities we performed studies in an urban Indian population. METHODS: Successive epidemiological Jaipur Heart Watch (JHW) studies were performed in Western India in urban ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The relation between the spleen and lipid metabolism has not been properly studied. In order to contribute to the filling of this gap, in the present investigation we experimentally assessed the lipidogram of rats in the presence of the spleen, in asplenia, and after conservative spleen surgeries. ...

Elevated serum total cholesterol is a major and modifiable risk factor for heart disease, the lead-ing cause of death in the United States (1,2). Reducing mean total serum cholesterol levels among adults to less than 200 mg/dL and reducing the proportion who have levels of 240 mg/dL or higher to ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in standard lipid measures such as total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in comparison with changes in non-HDL-C. METHODS: Data from 100 participants in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program at entry and 12 ...

BACKGROUND: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are a strong inverse predictor of cardiovascular events. However, it is not clear whether this association is maintained at very low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. METHODS: A post hoc analysis of the recently completed Treating to New Targets (TNT) study assessed the ...

Current guidelines identify low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol as the primary target for cardiovascular prevention but also recognize low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol as an important secondary target. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of low HDL cholesterol in a contemporary ambulatory high-risk population across various LDL cholesterol levels, ...

OBJECTIVE: The literature on palm oil as a cholesterol-raising oil is conflicting, requiring further studies. This study tested the influence of a palm oil-rich diet on plasma lipids of healthy young individuals. METHODS: Thirty-four medical students, 18-26 y old, with a total cholesterol level <200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ...

Metabolic syndrome (syndrome X) causes millions of cardiovascular complications and premature deaths every year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of NeOpuntia, patented, dehydrated, Opuntia ficus-indica leaves, on blood lipid parameters and metabolic syndrome. Opuntia ficus-indica leaves are traditionally consumed as a vegetable. Participants in this ...

Higher plasma triglyceride levels and decreased HDL-cholesterol concentrations are usually accompanied by the presence of small, dense LDL in the so-called lipid triad or 'atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype'. This phenotype is highly atherogenic and its prevalence may suggest an even higher overall burden of atherosclerotic disease as compared with that associated ...

The association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and serum lipids has been little studied and the results have been controversial. A total of 2063 young adults born in 1978/79 were evaluated at 23-25 years of age in the fourth follow-up of a cohort study carried out in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, ...

Possible alterations in total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were studied in forty healthy human subjects (twenty-two males and eighteen adult females) after twenty eight days of tea consumption. A commercial brand of tea preparation was drunk by each of the subjects and they were made to take ...

Existing guidelines for the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease focus on lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as the primary lipid target. However, there has been increasing interest in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) due to strong evidence linking low HDL-C levels with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Raising ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors across four cross-tabulated groups of cardiorespiratory fitness and body fatness in youth. METHODS: Subjects included 860 males and 755 females aged 9-15 yr from the Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey. Participants were cross-tabulated ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate skin microvascular reactivity (MVR) measured by laser Doppler flowmetry in women early after bilateral ovarectomy treated with oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). DESIGN: Interventional, randomized study with a cross-over design. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 41 patients (49+/-6 years, 6-12 weeks ...

LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) is considered the major atherogenic lipoprotein whereas HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) is anti-atherogenic. In recent years also non-HDL cholesterol as well as TG (triglycerides) are included in guidelines defining cardiovascular (CV) risk and target values during lipid lowering treatment. In recent years apolipoproteins (apo) B, reflecting ...

Asian Indian (AI) immigrants have been suggested to be at increased risk for chronic disease. This study examined the metabolic risk factors for CVD among AI immigrants participating in a health fair in Southern Michigan, in the U.S. Participants included AI men (n = 44) and women (n = 57) ...

BACKGROUND: The role of decreasing testosterone levels influencing lipid metabolism in aging men is not well established. METHODS: We studied 1619 40 to 69-year old men with andropausal symptoms, who underwent measurements of serum testosterone, triglycerides, total-, and HDL-cholesterol. RESULTS: Testosterone (mean 15.25 nmol/l+/-5.43 S.D., range 3.6-45.0 nmol/l) correlated directly ...

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between lowlevels of human serum albumin (HSA) and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a cohort of elderly Japanese-American men. Using data from the Honolulu Heart Program's fourth examination (1991-1993), HSA levels of 998 Japanese American men aged ...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an oral contraception formulation with drospirenone (Yasmin) on lipid metabolism. An open-label, non-comparative clinical trial was conducted. One hundred women, who desired oral contraception for at least 6 months, were recruited. The subjects received a blister pack which contained 21 tablets ...