BACKGROUND: Although the ratio of total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL) is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), few studies have investigated which factors are associated with changes in this ratio over time. We examined predictors of a change in TC/HDL ratio over a period of 14 years among ...

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular risk reduction observed in many trials of lipid-lowering agents is greater than expected on the basis of observed low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level reductions. Our objective was to explore the degree to which high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level changes explain cardiovascular risk reduction. METHODS: A systematic review ...

The effect of aqueous extract of <I>Aloe barbadensis</I> on plasma total cholesterol (CHOL), Low – density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high – density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triacylglycerol (TAG), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) concentrations in rabbits fed high cholesterol diet was examined. Two groups of animals were fed a basal diet ...

MooPoong (MP, Gye Young Jeong), a Korean traditional wine, has been used as a prevention and treatment agent of blood circulatory trouble. To evaluate such an effect of MP, we analyzed whether the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and body weight change after rats ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of walking on lipids and lipoproteins in adults. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of walking on total cholesterol (TC), high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), the ratio of TC/HDL, ...

BACKGROUND: The atherogenic risk factor profile in obese subjects is characterised by hypertension, reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides, and insulin resistance. AIMS: To examine the amount of weight reduction required to improve the atherogenic profile. METHODS: Changes of systolic and diastolic ...

BACKGROUND: Cohort and case-control studies support the effect of diet on coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to analyze the strength of the influence of dietary fat subtypes and other nutrients on serum lipids levels in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: We studied 139 ...

BACKGROUND: Aortic stenosis is one of the most commonly encountered valvular pathology requiring surgery in developed countries. There are similarities between risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis and the development of aortic stenosis. We designed a retrospective study, evaluated the lipid profile and previous echocardiographic recordings of patients with aortic stenosis, ...

This study was designed to investigate the possible beneficial effects of consuming a sodium-rich carbonated mineral water on lipoprotein metabolism and to determine whether consumption of this water influences endothelial dysfunction (ED) in postmenopausal women. Women included in the study were amenorrheic (>1 y), healthy, and not obese (BMI < ...

The object of this study was to compare the effects of oral conjugated estrogen (CEE) alone, CEE plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and tibolone on lipid profiles, and investigate whether these effects change in time. Plasma lipid levels were studied for CEE (n = 49), CEE + MPA (n = 50) ...

The cholesterol lowering effect of SG-GN3, the extract of salted and fermented small shrimps, Acetes japonicus, was investigated in hypercholesterolemic animal models. Hypercholesterolemia was induced with Triton WR-1339 (nonionic detergent) or high cholesterol (HC)-diet. SG-GN3 significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC) in Triton WR-1339 model at 30 post-treatment hour (549.80 +/- ...

OBJECTIVE: The desired level of dietary fat intake is controversial. The effect of decreasing fat intake to 19% and increasing it to 50% from a control diet of 30% on nutritional status and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy individuals was studied. METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects (5 men and 6 women) ...

The evolution of fasting glucose, triglyceride, and total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level and the factors associated with development of clinically significant abnormalities in these metabolic parameters at 6 months were assessed in 353 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who were receiving antiretroviral therapy containing lopinavir-ritonavir. Although glucose ...

Thirty-two pregnant women in their first trimester with a mean age of 29.5 years, 32 age matched non-pregnant controls were included in this study. They were bled after 14-hour fasting. This study was between October 2000 and October 2001. Plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL- cholesterol were assayed. LDL-cholesterol was ...

Estrogen levels are higher during the luteal compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. It was hypothesized that the luteal compared with the follicular phase has a lipid and lipoprotein profile associated with decreased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. This was tested using well-defined data from healthy, well-characterized ...

The long-term effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors of a reduced fat (RF), ad libitum diet were compared with usual diet (control, CD) in glucose intolerance individuals. Participants were 136 adults aged > or =40 years with 'glucose intolerance' (2h blood glucose 7-11.0 mmol/l) detected at a Diabetes Survey who ...

OBJECTIVES: We determined the profile of cardiovascular risk factors in children late after Kawasaki disease (KD) and compared it with that of age-matched healthy children. BACKGROUND: Concerns have been raised regarding the possibility of a predisposition of KD to premature atherosclerosis later in life. METHODS: A cohort of 102 subjects ...

The fact that carbohydrate-rich diets often increase plasma triglycerides has led some to question the wisdom of such diets. This increase is primarily attributable to a decrease in the efficiency of triglyceride clearance -- whereas the elevation of triglycerides observed in insulin-resistant subjects stems mainly from increased hepatic production of ...

Although elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol is a well established coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor, the ability to adequately discriminate high-risk individuals by this risk factor alone is limited and other metabolic risk variables are known to modulate CHD risk. For instance, it has been reported that the cluster of ...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Effects of atorvastatin (Lipitor) drug monotherapy (10 mg daily) on fasting blood lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks were examined for a single subject with C5-C6 tetraplegia. Routine fasting lipid profiles were analyzed by standard biochemistry techniques for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density ...

This paper aims to review the guidelines on the importance given to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as a risk factor or as threshold and target level in the treatment of dyslipidemia. We developed a strategy with cholesterol-related key words to search for guidelines in the major databases. The Appraisal of ...

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is regarded as an independent risk factor for Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this study were: to determine the effects of diet and exercise on Lp(a) and to evaluate the relation of Lp(a) with the lipid profile (total serum cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) ...

This study assessed the effect of concentrated pomegranate juice (CPJ) consumption on lipid profiles of type II diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia (cholesterol >/= 5.2 mmol/L or triacylglycerol >/= 2.3 mmol/L). In this quasi-experimental study 22 otherwise healthy diabetic patients, 14 women (63.6%) and eight men (36.4%), were recruited from among ...

BACKGROUND: The effect of dietary nucleotides on lipid metabolism has been the subject of clinical studies with conflicting results. We measured serum triglycerides, total cholesterol (total-C), and lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C) in preterm neonates fed formula with and without nucleotide supplements. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, controlled study ...

Although various studies have examined the short-term effects of a ketogenic diet in reducing weight in obese patients, its long-term effects on various physical and biochemical parameters are not known. To determine the effects of a 24-week ketogenic diet (consisting of 30 g carbohydrate, 1 g/kg body weight protein, 20% ...

Non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol level is determined by subtracting the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level from the total cholesterol level and thus encompasses not only low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but also the cholesterol contained in atherogenic, triglyceride-rich particles like remnants. This review summarizes data extracted from English-language publications accessible through MEDLINE on ...

Work induced stress led to decreased cholesterol and fluctuating triglyceride levels in gastrocnemius and pectoralis muscles in rats. But the drug (clenbuterol, 2 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) treatment increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both the muscles. However, heart showed decreased cholesterol and increased triglyceride level in the animals under work ...

BACKGROUND: The inflammatory/antiinflammatory properties of HDL were compared with HDL cholesterol in 2 groups of patients and in age- and sex-matched control subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS: Group 1 consisted of 26 patients not yet taking a statin who presented with coronary heart disease (CHD) or CHD equivalents by National Cholesterol ...

BACKGROUND: The relation between serum lipids and risk of coronary events has been established, but there are no data demonstrating directly the relation between serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol versus serial changes in coronary plaque dimensions. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed standard analyses of serial ...

Dietary trans fatty acids/partially-hydrogenated fat has been associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), possibly greater than predicted from changes in lipoprotein levels. To explore this issue further potential risk factors were assessed in subjects provided with each of six diets in randomized order containing as the major ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of low-dose oral and transdermal estrogen therapy on the lipid profile and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels in healthy, postmenopausal women and to study the additional influence of gestodene administration. DESIGN: In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 152 healthy, hysterectomized, postmenopausal women received daily either placebo ...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between cholesterol levels and the adrenal cortisol response to synacthen in critically ill patients. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. PATIENTS: Critically ill patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) with possible adrenal dysfunction defined as unexplained hypotension, ongoing inotropic support, unexplained fever, unexplained hyponatraemia or a ...

Studies that have investigated the association between cholesterol levels and impulsivity are relatively few in number and have yielded equivocal results. In this study, we investigated the relationship between impulsivity, depression and serum lipids [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides] in a large sample (N=2051) of healthy young ...

BACKGROUND: Humans and animals show a certain consistency in the response of their serum lipids to fat-modified diets. This may indicate a genetic basis underlying this response. Coffee oil might be used as a model substance to investigate which genes determine differences in the serum lipid response. Before carrying out ...

This analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of baseline triglyceride levels on lipid and lipoprotein changes after treatment with the combination of fluvastatin and fibrates. The analysis involved pooling data from 10 studies that included 1,018 patients with either mixed hyperlipidemia or primary hypercholesterolemia. Patients received a combination of ...

Coronary heart disease is a major health problem in developed countries. Many studies have shown that elevated serum concentrations of total or low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) are high risk factors, whereas high concentrations of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) or a low LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio may protect against coronary ...

BACKGROUND: The increase in allergic diseases is still unexplained. It was hypothesized that the intake of unsaturated fatty acids is a contributing cause of this development. We investigated the relationship between serum cholesterol levels, intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and manifestations of atopy in a population-based setting. METHODS: A ...

INTRODUCTION: Our primary objective was to determine the impact of traumatic injury, onset of infection, organ/metabolic dysfunction, and mortality on serum cholesterol. METHODS: During 676 surgical intensive care unit (SICU) days, 28 ventilated trauma patients underwent daily measurement of white blood cell (WBC) count and differential, cholesterol, arterial oxygen tension/fractional ...

Rambouillet lambs were assigned to three production systems varying in physical environment and diet: RF (a new, raised-floor feeding structure, with animals fed a pelleted mixture of 85% oat hay, 7.5% barley and 7.5% molasses); FL (a feedlot, with animals fed high-concentrate rations); and P (a pasture, with animals given ...

Abnormal blood lipid profiles may be observed both in HIV-infected individuals who are untreated and in those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Besides maintaining optimal control of HIV replication and the preservation of immunity, treatment regimens ideally should have minimal or no metabolic side-effects. Nevirapine (NVP)-based HAART has beneficial ...

BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids induce hypercholesterolaemia, a cardiovascular risk factor, in patients with diseases other than rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the data in RA are contradictory. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of antirheumatic treatment, including prednisolone (combination) therapy on total and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in RA, taking disease activity ...

This study reports mean lipid levels and their association with body composition, diet, and activity level in 300 male and 308 female adolescents (14-16 years) living in Cebu City, the Philippines. Participants were selected from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS), a 1-year birth cohort study begun in ...

We evaluated study population characteristics and treatment effects on blood lipids between studies in which either rosiglitazone (RSG) or pioglitazone (PIO) was investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes. We performed a summary analysis of all published double-blind, placebo-controlled studies with RSG (4 and 8 mg/d) and PIO (15, 30, ...

Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains the primary target for coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention in the latest guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program, many individuals who have CHD do not have substantially elevated LDL-C but have derangement of other lipid fractions, most commonly low levels of high-density lipoprotein ...

Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are one of the most common lipid abnormalities in patients with coronary artery disease. Endothelial dysfunction is also highly prevalent in patients with coronary artery disease. We sought to determine whether HDL cholesterol levels are correlated with endothelium-dependent vasomotion in patients being evaluated ...

This study was carried out to verify the therapeutic homogeneity between DEAE-Dextran and Cholestyramine. Blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides were evaluated in 202 patients affected by dyslipidemia and treated with DEAD-D at 2.5 g/day or with Cholestyramine at 12 g/day for 30 days. At the end ...

Dyslipidaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes commonly consists of elevated triglyceride levels; normal or slightly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels with a preponderance of small, dense LDL particles; and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels with a preponderance of small, dense HDL. These abnormalities are closely connected, with prolonged residence ...

BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-based guidelines are currently used to initiate and monitor cholesterol-lowering therapy. METHODS: Using stratified analyses, data from the Framingham Heart Study and the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial were evaluated to determine whether (1) cholesterol levels (total cholesterol [TC] or LDL [low-density lipoprotein]) better discriminated risk for coronary ...

BACKGROUND: Tea consumption has been associated with decreased cardiovascular risk, but potential mechanisms of benefit are ill-defined. While epidemiologic studies suggest that drinking multiple cups of tea per day lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), previous trials of tea drinking and administration of green tea extract have failed to show any ...

BACKGROUND: No study to date has focused on the impact of Greek Orthodox Christian fasting on serum lipoproteins and obesity yet. METHODS: 120 Greek adults were followed longitudinally for one year. Sixty fasted regularly in all fasting periods (fasters) and 60 did not fast at all (controls). The three major ...