Calcium is essential for functioning of different systems including male reproduction. However, it has also been reported as chemo-castrative agent. The study has been undertaken to elucidate the effect of excessive dietary calcium on male reproductive system in animals with possible action. Adult male healthy rats fed CaCl(2) at different ...

A low-salt diet is known to decrease and salt excess to increase blood pressure in humans and rodents. Sex steroids seem to play a role in salt dependent hypertension. However, little is known about sex differences in mineralocorticoid receptor blockade between male and female rats. The objective of the work ...

Male obesity is associated with reduced sperm motility, morphology and increased sperm DNA damage and oxidative stress; however, the reversibility of these phenotypes has never been studied. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the reversibility of obesity and its associated sperm physiology and function in mice in ...

The disposable soma hypothesis posits a negative correlation between longevity and reproduction, presumably because these aspects of fitness compete for a limited pool of nutrients. However, diet, which varies widely among animals, could affect the availability of key nutrients required for both reproduction and longevity, especially protein. We used a ...

A total of 75 male mice were allotted to five groups of 15 each in a completely randomized experimental design to study the effects of probiotics, inorganic selenium, and selenium-enriched probiotics on male fertility in hyperlipidemic status. The mice in group 1 were fed a normal basal diet and served ...

The incidence of obesity is increasing rapidly all over the world and results in numerous health detriments, including disruptions in reproduction. However, the mechanisms by which excess body fat interferes with reproductive functions are still not fully understood. After weaning, female rats were treated with a cafeteria diet or a ...

Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) resistance management for transgenic (or Bt) corn hinges on understanding the mating behavior and biology of this adaptable insect pest. During mating, the male transfers sperm and additional, previously uncharacterized material, to the female in the form of a spermatophore. We investigated the ...

Vigorous physical activity (running) has been shown to attenuate the association between diet and body weight. Walking is the most popular physical activity, but is a moderate-intensity physical activity because it requires less than sixfold the energy expenditure of sitting at rest. We therefore examined whether reported distance walked per ...

This study investigated the long-term effects of total and partial replacement of dietary fish meal (FM) by a mixture of agricultural products on sperm quality of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated containing graded levels of either 50% FM and maize meal (diet 1); 25% ...

Semen characteristics in boars fed organic or inorganic sources of selenium (Se) were assessed in three experiments. Crossbred boars were randomly assigned at weaning to one of 3 dietary treatments: I. basal diets with no supplemental Se (control), II. basal diets with 0.3 ppm supplemental Se from an organic source ...

Reduction in total lung capacity(TLC) in obese men is associated with restricted expansion of the thoracic cavity at full inflation. We hypothesised that thoracic expansion was reduced by the load imposed by increased total trunk fat volume or its distribution. Using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) we measured internal and subcutaneous trunk ...

Male obesity is associated with reduced sperm function and increased incidence of sperm DNA damage; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been identified. Mammalian SIRT6 protein is involved in caloric-dependant DNA damage repair in other tissue types, yet a possible role for SIRT6 in male obesity and subfertility ...

Japanese macaques inhabit a relatively cold environment and females of this species could have developed strategies of energy economy to face the sometimes-harsh seasonal conditions of temperate climates, as well as reproductive costs, and thus regulate their energy balance. Here, we explore the relationship between nutritional status, body composition, seasonality, ...

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the effect of a 1-year internet-based weight loss intervention for men. METHODS: Four hundred forty-one overweight and obese men were randomized to intervention or delayed treatment. Participants completed a Web-based assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors and weekly tailored Web modules addressing weight-related behaviors. RESULTS: ...

Consumer acceptability of entire male pork at eating was assessed in three experiments. The 140 consumers involved in each experiment were classified as insensitive (INSENS) to the odor of pure androstenone or sensitive perceiving it as pleasant (SENS-PLEA) or unpleasant (SENS-UNPL). Entire male pork with very low skatole and androstenone ...

Equine epididymal sperm are known to be severely sensitive to cryopreservation, in terms of sperm quality and pregnancy rate. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of cholesterol loaded cyclodextrins (CLCs) on the quality of stallion epididymal sperm during cryopreservation. In experiment I, sperm were treated with ...

The present study was conducted in Wistar rats to determine whether prepubertal dietary zinc deficiency causes apoptotic changes in testes. Prepubertal male Wistar rats (40-50 gm) were divided into 3 groups: zinc control (ZC), pairfed (PF), and zinc deficient (ZD). Control and pairfed groups were given a 100 ppm zinc ...

Sexual selection is a major force driving the evolution of elaborate male sexual traits. Handicap models of sexual selection predict that male sexual traits should covary positively with condition, making them reliable indicators of male quality. However, most studies have either manipulated condition through varying diet quantity and/or caloric content ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of BIA in the measurement of total body composition and regional fat and the fat free mass in the healthy young adults. Four hundred and three healthy young adults (167 women and 236 men) aged 18-29 years were recruited from the ...

Proteinuria is the main indicator of renal disease progression in many chronic conditions. There is currently little information available on the efficacy, safety, and individual tolerance of patients with post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+ HUS) nephropathy to therapies involving diet, enalapril, or losartan. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trail was ...

Body mass index is often used to assess adiposity but it does not differentiate between fat and non-fat components of body mass. However, body fat composition may be assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The study aimed to relate body mass index to fat in the assessment of overweight and obesity ...

Mycotoxic nephropathy was induced in eighteen young pigs by mouldy diets containing 0.5ppm ochratoxin A (OTA) and/or 10ppm fumonisin B1 (FB1) for three months. While the most obvious damages provoked by OTA were seen in the kidneys as expressed by the strong degenerative changes in proximal tubules and fibrosis in ...

The efficacy and safety of protein-restricted diets in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still a matter of debate. However, several studies have clearly demonstrated the beneficial effects of such diets on the outcome of patients with stage 3-4 CKD. This point has been confirmed by 4 recent studies. In 2009, ...

The purpose of this cross-sectional observational study was to identify ethnic differences in body composition and obesity-related risk factors between Chinese and white males living in China. 115 Chinese and 114 white male pilots aged 28-63 years were recruited. Fasting body weight, height and blood pressure were measured following standard ...

Eusocial species exhibit pronounced division of labor, most notably between reproductive and non-reproductive castes, but also within non-reproductive castes via morphological specialization and temporal polyethism. For species with distinct worker and queen castes, age-related differences in behavior among workers (e.g. within-nest tasks versus foraging) appear to result from physiological changes ...

This work shows that an overload of dietary cholesterol causes complete infertility in dyslipidemic male mice (the Liver X Receptor-deficient mouse model). Infertility resulted from post-testicular defects affecting the fertilizing potential of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa of cholesterol-fed lxr-/- animals were found to be dramatically less viable and motile, and highly susceptible ...

Our objective was to determine the effect of commonly used milk preservatives on the accuracy of fat, protein, and lactose content determination in milk by mid-infrared (mid-IR) milk analysis. Two producer raw milks (Holstein and Jersey) and 2 pasteurized modified milks, 1 similar to Holstein milk and 1 similar to ...

Thermal processing of milk is a common practice. As milk is the main source of dietary calcium, this study aimed to assess the effects of overheating milk on calcium availability. Thus, thermally damaged milk (overheated, OH, milk; 3 cycles of sterilization at 116 °C, 16 min) was compared with UHT ...

  The suckling neonates and infants are reliant primarily on the mother for optimal supply of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The richest source of preformed DHA is cold-water oily fish. Although there is paucity of data, existing evidence suggest women with restricted access to these foods have low or marginal DHA ...

Objective:To demonstrate that the real-time nutritional analysis of human milk carbohydrate, fat and protein with near-infrared (NIR) spectrophotometric methods is accurate.Study Design:A prospective study of the measurement of the macronutrient content of human milk. Milk was first analyzed on the SpectraStar 2400 Near Infrared Analyzer (Unity Scientific, Columbia, MD, USA), ...

There are significant data supporting the role of diet in acne. Our Western diet includes many dairy sources containing hormones.. The natural function of milk being to stimulate growth, it contains anabolic steroids as well as true growth hormones and other growth factors. The presence of 5α-pregnanedione, 5α-androstanedione, and other ...

The purpose of this work was to obtain a cheese from ewes milk with a healthier fatty acid (FA) profile. To achieve our aim, 48 ewes (12 per treatment) were fed diets supplemented with 3% of plant oils: palm (used as control), olive (OO), soybean (SO), and linseed (LO). Milk ...

The main objective of this study was to investigate whether the α-lactalbumin (α-LA) content of bulk milk is related with some known inflammatory markers and milk quality traits. An additional objective was to study whether combining α-LA, haptoglobin (Hp), and serum amyloid A (SAA) in an acute phase index (API) ...

This research examines the definition, historical pattern, and utility of the milk-to-feed price ratio (MF) as a measure of dairy farm profitability. The MF was generally an acceptable proxy of profitability in an annual sense from 1985 to 2006. The MF was steady at an average of 2.8 from 1985 ...

The N and energy utilization of diets with different legume seeds was analysed in lactating goats. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were used and in each case 30% of the protein was supplied by one of four different legume seeds: lupins (L), faba beans (FB), bitter vetch (BV) and vetch ...

To determine milk yield and composition, total microbic count (TMC) and somatic cell count (SCC) of browsing goats throughout the first lactation, 100 goats of Sarda breed, equally distributed in four flocks (F1, F2, F3 and F4), were selected. They were exclusively fed pasture and hand-milked once daily. Individual milk ...

Genetic association analysis was applied to examine the effect of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase beta 2 subunit (ATP1B2) gene on rectal temperature, milk traits, K(+) levels and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity in the red blood cells of 1001 Chinese Holstein cows under normal and heat-stress conditions. We detected two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms, ...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of workability traits like milking speed and temperament on functional longevity of Canadian dairy cattle using a Weibull proportional hazards model. First-lactation data consisted of the following: 1,728,289 and 2,426,123 Holstein cows for milking temperament and milking speed, respectively, from ...

Ewe raw milk composition, rennet coagulation parameters, and curd texture were monitored throughout the milk production season in 11 commercial flocks reared under a part-time grazing system. Milking season lasted from February to July. During that period, the diet of the animals shifted from indoor feeding, consisting of concentrate and ...

To determine tocopherol and fat content of Greek mother's milk during the first 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding and correlate with maternal diet characteristics. Milk samples and dietary records were obtained by mothers at 1st (n = 64), 3rd (n = 39) and 6th (n = 23) month postpartum. Milk tocopherol content was determined by high-performance liquid ...

A novel competitive 1,1'-oxalyldiimidazole (ODI) chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) was developed as a method for rapid and simple screening of melamine in milk. Fat existing in milk acts as an inhibitor in the competitive binding interaction of melamine and anti-melamine in the presence of melamine-conjugated horseradish peroxidase. Thus, the calibration ...

The basic treatment for cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the elimination of all cow's milk proteins (CMP) from the diet. This study aimed at characterizing the diet of children with a diagnosis of CMA, to assess the degree of adherence to the elimination diet and to evaluate the factors associated ...

Automatic in-line measurement of milk composition and milk yield could be a useful tool in management of the dairy herd. Data on milk components and milk yield provide information on milk quality alterations and cow health status but are also useful in planning feeding and breeding. In automatic milking systems, ...

The effect of the introduction of distilled rosemary leaves into the diet of the Murciano-Granadina goat on the polyphenolic profile of the goats' milk during the physiological stages of gestation and lactation was studied. The inclusion of rosemary leaves into the animal diet modified neither animal productivity (milk yield) nor ...

A photoluminescence method to detect the toxic melamine contamination in fat watery milk has been proposed. Despite the quite different luminescence origins of milk and melamine patterns, their wide emission spectra under UV excitation are similar and in the range of 2.2-3.5 eV. The complex milk photoluminescence spectrum composed of ...

Analysis of the stable isotope ratio of carbon (delta (13)C) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3omega3) content in milk fat is a useful indicator of organic milk production. Referring to corresponding measurements, further analyses of stable isotope ratios were performed in 120 samples of conventionally and organically produced whole milk collected from ...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of technical support provided to five small-scale cattle farms in the Tadla irrigation scheme (Morocco) on their milk yield. The first stage consisted of assessing the initial management of dairy herds, especially feeding strategies, and their effects on milk output. This diagnosis revealed ...

Human milk is a valuable biological specimen for biomonitoring lipid-soluble polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of PBDEs in human milk from New Hampshire and to examine potential relationships between PBDE levels in human milk and stage of lactation, maternal characteristics, living ...

The aim of this work was to characterize UV-absorbing compounds (UAC) in milk in relation to diet. In winter, 4 groups of cows each received a different diet: concentrate rich containing 35% cocksfoot hay (CCH), maize silage (MS), rye grass silage (RS), or rye grass hay (RH). In summer, 2 ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry to measure milk ketone bodies to detect hyperketonemic cows and compare this method with milk fat to protein ratio to detect hyperketonemia. Plasma and milk samples were obtained weekly from calving to wk 9 postpartum from 69 ...