The haptoglobin allele frequencies and the phenotype distribution were determined in 741 male Caucasian workers, aged 35 to 59 years. The association of the haptoglobin polymorphism with various clinical and biochemical parameters was investigated. Furthermore a possible interaction with the apo E polymorphism on lipid and lipoprotein traits was analysed. ...

BACKGROUND: The preventive role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular disease has been recognized. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the association between walnut consumption (oil and kernel) as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood lipid levels. METHODS: Seven hundred ninety-three persons, males and females, ages 18-65 ...

The effect of the expression of human hepatic lipase (HL) or human apoE on plasma lipoproteins in transgenic rabbits in response to dietary cholesterol was compared with the response of nontransgenic control rabbits. Supplementation of a chow diet with 0.3% cholesterol and 3.0% soybean oil for 10 weeks resulted in ...

Apolipoprotein E (apo E) polymorphism is a genetic determinant of lipid and lipoprotein levels and the risk for coronary heart disease. The extent to which serial patterns of change in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations varied by apo E genotype was therefore investigated in 247 Caucasian girls ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the apolipoprotein E (apoE) allelic frequencies and the effect of apoE genotype on lipid concentrations in indigenous Australian subjects. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: 155 indigenous Australians (92 women and 63 men) of mean (+/- standard deviation) age 45 +/- 17 years (SD +/- 50) were ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether apo E phenotype influences changes in lipid profiles induced by growth hormone replacement in growth hormone (GH)-deficient adults. DESIGNS: Patients were treated for 6 months with recombinant human GH (hGH), given in a dose of 0.125 U/kg per week for 4 weeks followed by 0.25 U/kg ...

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein E (apo E) allele E 4 is associated with high atherogenic lipid levels and coronary heart disease. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) transfers cholesteryl esters from (high density lipoprotein) HDL to other lipoproteins. CETP gene expression is enhanced in hypercholesterolaemia and correlates with plasma apo E concentration. OBJECTIVE: ...

Several studies have examined gene-diet interactions in the response of plasma lipid concentrations to changes in dietary fat and/or cholesterol. Among the gene loci examined, APOE has been the most studied, and the current evidence suggests that this locus might be responsible for some of the interindividual variability in dietary ...

CHD is a multifactorial disease that is associated with non-modifiable risk factors, such as age, gender and genetic background, and with modifiable risk factors, including elevated total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Lifestyle modification should be the primary treatment for lowering cholesterol values. The modifications recommended include dietary changes, regular aerobic ...

The apolipoprotein E4 allele is associated in industrialized countries with an elevated LDL cholesterol concentration and an increased cardiovascular risk. Our purpose in this study was to assess the influence of the genetic variation at the APOE gene locus on the lipid profile of a Native American rural population. We ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of tibolone, a synthetic steroid that alleviates climacteric symptoms and prevents bone loss without inducing monthly bleeds, on lipoprotein cardiovascular risk markers and to compare the effects with those of a standard combined estrogen/progestogen preparation. DESIGN: Ninety-seven postmenopausal women ...

Serum apolipoprotein B (apo B) levels were found to be significantly (p < 0.001) higher in the 27 patients with combined hyperlipidemia (144 m./dl +/- 27.6) than in the 17 normal weight normolipidemic control subjects (92 mg/dl +/- 20.6; X +/- SD). When compared to apolipoprotein A1 (apo A1) levels ...

We found previously that dietary soy protein, compared with casein, reduced plasma LDL cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations in healthy women and men. However, there was considerable variation among individuals. The aim of this study was to characterize the lipoprotein responsiveness of individuals to examine whether different response patterns ...

The effect of the apolipoprotein (apo) E genotype on the lipoprotein response to a 1 year low cholesterol diet (200 mg cholesterol per day) was evaluated in 36 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus with albuminuria between 10 and 200 microg min(-1). Apo E genotype was characterized by polymerase chain ...

BACKGROUND: The magnitude of the influence of the apolipoprotein (apo) E genotype on the lipid response to different cholesterol-lowering diet modifications has been controversial. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of apo E genotype on serum lipid response to the separate modification of dietary fat ...

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein A-I within high density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a significant role in the process of reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissues to the liver. However, additional roles are not well defined for it in hepatic cholesterol metabolism. We have previously shown in the hamster that dietary cholesterol supplementation resulted ...

Sera obtained in the immediate postmortem from 100 individuals, 64 neuropathologically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and 36 nondemented controls, were analyzed for cholesterol, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins (Apo), and triglycerides. All individuals were ApoE genotyped, and the amounts of Abeta (N-40 and N-42) in cerebral cortex of AD and control subjects ...

BACKGROUND: The fatty acid composition of the diet can modulate the effect of dietary cholesterol on plasma lipoproteins. However, HDL composition and its capacity to promote cholesterol efflux can be influenced by the diet. OBJECTIVE: Modifications in plasma lipids and in the capacity of serum to stimulate the cholesterol efflux ...

GH has many effects on metabolism in addition to promoting growth. We studied changes in body composition and lipid profiles during and after GH treatment in 94 children with GH deficiency. Sixty-two subjects (46 boys and 16 girls) were evaluated at the beginning and during 36 months of GH treatment. ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chronic (1 wk) feeding of dietary triacylglycerol (TG) of varying fatty acid composition on small intestinal and hepatic apolipoprotein expression, as well as serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations, in newborn swine. Two-day-old female swine were fed one of three ...

BACKGROUND: Differences in serum lipid distribution and mortality from ischaemic heart disease have repeatedly been reported between Belgian northerners and southerners. We investigated whether serum lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and apolipoprotein (apo) E polymorphism were involved. METHODS: Fasting serum lipids, apo A-I and B, and Lp(a) levels were examined in randomly selected, ...

The displacement of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I by apo A-II is a major event in the remodeling of high density lipoproteins (HDL). In the present study, we investigated the displacement of apo A-I both from native and reconstituted HDL (rHDL) by either apo A-II or by the C-terminal helical peptide (i.e. ...

Apolipoprotein (apo) E is a 299-amino acid glycoprotein that serves a number of functions in lipoprotein metabolism. Apo E binds to the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and chylomicrons, as they are lipolyzed, mediating their removal from plasma via lipoprotein receptors. Apo E is also found associated with high-density ...

Apo E is a key molecule in the lipoprotein metabolism; thus, genetic manipulation of apo E may prove useful in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. To test the feasibility of this idea, we have generated low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout mice that overexpress the rat apo E transgene (ETg+/+:LDLRKO), and ...

We have examined the apo AI - 75 (G/A) and apo AI + 83(MspI +/-) polymorphisms at the APOA1 gene locus for associations with plasma lipid levels and response to an NCEP-I diet in 69 (44 women, 25 men) heterozygotes for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Subjects were studied at baseline (after ...

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been proposed as a risk factor for both restenosis and coronary heart disease. Recently, we identified Lp(a) in the arterial wall during the initial rapid neointimal growth phase that occurs after balloon injury in cynomolgus monkeys. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ...

Elevated concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are characteristic of familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) which may also present with reduced high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) plays a key role in reverse cholesterol transport by converting unesterified cholesterol to cholesterol ester in the process of maturation of ...

The anorexia of chronic renal failure (CRF) is frequently managed with enteral feeds using combinations of commercial preparations, glucose polymers and fat emulsions. Such feeds might predispose to atherogenic blood lipid profiles. Our aim, therefore, was to compare the blood lipid profiles of enterally fed and non-enterally fed children. Plasma ...

Previous results suggested that changes in the activity of nitric oxide (NO) can influence metabolism of apo B-containing lipoproteins. Therefore, we studied effects of exogenous NO donors and physiological NO precursors on metabolism of these lipoproteins. In rabbits, addition of 0.03% sodium nitroprusside (NaNP) to a semipurified, cholesterol-free, casein diet ...

Previous study has shown that prebeta1-HDL levels increase in hypercholesterolemia, or high cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. To determine how prebeta1-HDL levels change after treatment with probucol or by following a low-cholesterol diet, we randomly assigned 24 hypercholesterolemic patients to either the probucol (P), or low-cholesterol diet group (D), ...

Apolipoprotein E (apo-E) allele and genotype frequencies were evaluated in offspring with positive (MI-offspring) and negative (control-offspring) parental history of myocardial infarction (MI). The apo-E allele frequencies in MI- and control-offspring were as follows: epsilon2: 9.04 and 2.08% (p < 0.02), epsilon3: 84.04 and 87.5%, epsilon4: 6.91 and 10.41%, respectively. ...

Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) distribution and composition have been examined as a function of apo E genotype (E2/2 + E2/3 vs. E3/3 vs. E3/4 + E4/4) in healthy, normolipaemic subjects. Apo E genotype had a marked impact on plasma concentrations of apo E rich VLDL, but no influence on ...

In this study, we investigated the impact of the common apoE polymorphism on apoE metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis in monocyte-derived macrophages isolated from E2/2, E3/3, and E4/4 subjects. Unloaded cells of all genotypes contained similar amounts of free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, and apoE mRNA. E3/3 cells secreted 77 and 30% ...

BACKGROUND: In this study, the apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotypes as well as plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels have been determined for the first time in 633 healthy and unrelated inhabitants on the island of Sardinia (291 men and 342 women, age range 6-89 years), randomly selected in the four districts ...

Apolipoprotein J (apo J) is a secreted glycoprotein of which the exact function remains a matter for speculation. Apo J has been implicated in such diverse processes as sperm maturation, regulation of complement activation, programmed cell death, tissue remodelling and lipid transport. In this study a possible role for apo ...

Increased very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in nephrotic patients results from a decreased catabolism while increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) results from increased synthesis. Hyperlipidemia is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome that has been associated with increased risk for ischemic heart disease as well as a loss of renal function ...

Lipoprotein fractions in Rana esculenta were separated using the same salt intervals currently applied for human lipoproteins. Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were analyzed with reference to the electrophoretic pattern. The lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern in males and females throughout the reproductive ...

In order to investigate for the first time in Morocco the effect of fasting in Ramadan, the ninth lunar month of the muslim year, on lipoprotein metabolism, we determined the levels of serum apolipoproteins; apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), apo B, apo AIV and those of lipoprotein particles; apo AI-containing lipoprotein ...

We compared the fasting and postprandial response to a National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) II diet with that of a diet high in total (40% of energy) and saturated fat. In free-living conditions, 17 healthy normolipidemic, normoglycemic men and women consumed a high-fat diet, a maintenance diet and the NCEP ...

This report summarizes two studies which investigated the effects of apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism on the serum total cholesterol (TC) and lipoprotein cholesterol responses to 8:0 + 10:0 and 12:0 diets (Study I) and 14:0, 16:0 and 18:0 diets (Study II). Eighteen healthy premenopausal women (3 apoE 3/2, 12 apoE ...

Atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in industrial societies. For coronary heart disease, hypercholesterolemia and dyslipoproteinemia are the major risk factors. Low serum levels of cholesterol in the HDL fraction is the most common abnormality found in patients with confirmed coronary artery disease. A therapeutical strategy consists ...

Epidemiological studies have shown lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) is a cholesterol-rich, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like particle to which a large glycoprotein, apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) is attached. Plasma Lp(a) levels are highly genetically determined and influenced to a minor degree by environmental factors. In an ...

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype was determined in sixty-five subjects who had taken part in a 4-week randomized crossover trial to compare the effect of six mugs of black tea per day v. placebo on blood lipids and blood coagulation factors. Four ApoE genotype variants (seven E2/E3, forty-five E3/E3, twelve E3/E4 ...

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein E (apo E) is a protein associated with plasma lipoproteins. Apo E polymorphism has been related to significant modifications of lipoprotein profile, as well as to the incidence of different pathologies including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Furthermore, it was proposed that apo E polymorphism might ...

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), which is generated through the covalent association of apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) and apo B-100-LDL, is an independent risk factor for several vascular diseases. Therefore, there is interest in developing therapies for lowering Lp(a). This investigation was carried out to determine the effect of CI-1011, a potent lipid regulator in ...

The values of apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B were determined in a population sample of hospital outpatients with a standardized method to verify if the cutpoints calculated in a cross-sectional study in the US are usable with other populations. We also tested the apolipoproteins' ability to discriminate between healthy people ...

The epsilon 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and also with elevated serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels. However, the interrelationships between apoE genotype, plasma cholesterol levels and AD risk have been studied very little. We examined the possible role of serum ...

Changes in apolipoprotein (apo B) gene expression in the liver were determined in fetal calves from 90 to 260 days of intrauterine life. Results were compared with those obtained from the livers of 1-month-old calves and adult cows. By Western blot analysis using a rabbit antiserum to bovine apo B, ...

Apolipoprotein (apo) C-III and apoE have a major influence on post-prandial apoB-containing lipoprotein metabolism. The goal of the present study was to compare the post-prandial changes in particles containing apoB and apoC-III and those containing apoB and apoE. Twenty subjects consumed a fatty meal (1 g of fat kg-1). Human ...

Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms are important determinants of blood lipid levels and have been associated with longevity and atherosclerosis. However, information is limited on the effects of apo E variation on the lipids of nonwhite and elderly individuals. We tested the hypothesis that apo E polymorphisms are associated with plasma lipid ...