INTRODUCTION: Obstruction of the major salivary glands is a relatively common condition defined as the blockage of the salivary outflow in the glandular ductal system. It can however mimic more aggressive pathology. METHODS: The most common cause of salivary obstruction is sialolithiasis, followed by ductal strictures. Salivary obstruction is clinically ...

PURPOSE: To present and evaluate the feasibility of a novel automatic method for generating 4D blood flow visualizations fusing high spatial resolution 3D and time-resolved (4D) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) datasets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a first step, the cerebrovascular system is segmented in the 3D MRA dataset and a ...

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is an excellent model organism for the study of aging and longevity. In this work, we presented a microfluidic approach for the evaluation of longevity in C. elegans under stress. The microfluidic device integrated multiple microvalves with parallel channels, which enabled the long-term culture and flexible ...

OBJECTIVES: In the evaluation of tooth color, the specular reflection caused by roughness or saliva on the tooth surface may cause artifacts in image analysis. In this study, a polarization dental imaging modality (PDIM) was developed to obtain cross-polarized images and, therefore, to address the problem of specular reflection. Its ...

Tongue Drive System (TDS) is a new wireless assistive technology (AT) for the mobility impaired population. It provides users with the ability to drive powered wheelchairs (PWC) and access computers using their unconstrained tongue motion. Migration of the TDS processing unit and user interface platform from a bulky personal computer ...

Purpose:  To determine the validity of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in the retromode (RM-SLO) versus other imaging modalities in the diagnosis of diabetic macular oedema (DME). Methods:  Two hundred and sixty-three eyes were examined. Inclusion criteria were any stage of untreated or treated diabetic retinopathy and four imaging modalities of the ...

A methodology based on Raman image spectroscopy and chemometrics for homogeneity evaluation of formulations containing atorvastatin calcium in Gelucire(®) 44/14 is presented. In the first part of the work, formulations with high amounts of Gelucire(®) 44/14 (80%) and solvents of different polarities (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propyleneglycol, propylene glycol monocaprylate ...

Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM) or nevus of Hori is a circumscribed dermal melanocytoses characterized by blue-brown mottled hyperpigmentation occurring bilaterally on the forehead, temples, eyelids, nose, with a predilection of malar areas; multiple sites may be involved(1) (fig.1a). Clinically it could be hard to distinguish from the ...

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of endoscopy with a narrow-band imaging (NBI) system for the evaluation and management of homogeneous oral leukoplakia. Methods: The chart records, morphology of vascular architecture of NBI, and histopathology of patients with homogeneous leukoplakia were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results: A total of 160 ...

Glimelius I, Qvarnström F, Simonsson M, Ekwall A, Smedby K E, Molin D & Amini R-M (2012) Histopathology Tissue microarray and digital image analysis: a methodological study with special reference to the microenvironment in Hodgkin lymphoma Aim:  Cancer research has moved from solely investigating the tumour cells to also including ...

Purpose: The authors developed a computer algorithm to automatically evaluate images of the American College of Radiology (ACR) mammography accreditation phantom.Methods: The developed algorithm consist of the edge detection of wax insert, nonuniformity correction of background, and correction for magnification and also calculate the cross-correlation coefficient by image matching technique. ...

Endoanal ultrasound is now regarded as the gold standard for evaluating anal sphincter pathology in the investigation of anal incontinence. The advent of three-dimensional ultrasound has further improved our understanding of the two-dimensional technique. Endoanal ultrasound requires specialised equipment and its relative invasiveness has prompted clinicians to explore alternative imaging ...

Abstract Objectives: To propose a method for evaluating the reproducibility of anatomical coordinate systems based on craniofacial skeletal landmarks and to tentatively evaluate four systems created on preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data obtained from mandibular prognathism patients in order to confirm the utility for actual patients' data. Materials and ...

This report summarizes the Joint FDA-MIPS Workshop on Methods for the Evaluation of Imaging and Computer-Assist Devices. The purpose of the workshop was to gather information on the current state of the science and facilitate consensus development on statistical methods and study designs for the evaluation of imaging devices to ...

Trauma is the number one nonobstetric cause of maternal death. This chapter presents the latest consensus from the literature on the best approach to radiographic imaging of these patients. The central issues of discussion include the rationale and protocols for screening for pregnancy in trauma setting; the effects of radiation ...

Purpose: Phase-binning algorithms are commonly utilized in 4DCT image reconstruction for characterization of tumor or organ shape and respiration motion, but breathing irregularities occurring during 4DCT acquisition can cause considerable image distortions. Recently, amplitude-binning algorithms have been evaluated as a potential improvement to phase-binning algorithms for 4DCT image reconstruction. The ...

A novel technique, designated dual imaging and modeling evaluation (DIME), for evaluating single-laser shot fluorescence lifetimes is presented. The technique is experimentally verified in a generic gas mixing experiment to provide a clear demonstration of the rapidness and sensitivity of the detector scheme. Single-laser shot fluorescence lifetimes of roughly 800 ...

We recently used micro attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy to conduct imaging analysis of ointments and evaluate the distributions of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and excipients. An alclometasone dipropionate (ALC) ointment was used as a model product. Almeta(®), a brand-name product, had a domain with absorbance at 1656cm(-1) ...

Lasting glow: Under femtosecond laser irradiation, graphene oxide nanoparticles (GONs) give strong two-photon luminescence (TPL; see picture). The presence of GONs also induces microbubbling, which causes cell death at an order of magnitude lower laser power than when cells are not labeled. The results show that GONs can be used ...

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in the US. Dermatoscopes are devices used by physicians to facilitate the early detection of these cancers based on the identification of skin lesion structures often specific to BCCs. One new lesion structure, referred to as dirt trails, has the ...

The capacity to evade apoptosis has been defined as one of the hallmarks of cancer and, thus, effective anti-cancer therapy often induces apoptosis. A biomarker for imaging apoptosis could assist in monitoring the efficacy of a wide range of current and future therapeutics. Despite the potential, there are limited clinical ...

Molecular imaging of biological processes may allow detection of therapy effects before the tumor is reduced in size. The most frequently used PET tracer in oncology, 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG), suffers from low specificity due to uptake in inflammatory cells. The proliferation marker, 3'-[18F]fluoro-3'-deoxy-L-thymidine (FLT), is less influenced by the inflammatory response ...

To demonstrate the application of phase-variance optical coherence tomography (pvOCT) for contrast agent-free in vivo imaging of volumetric retinal microcirculation in the human foveal region and for extraction of foveal avascular zone dimensions. A custom-built, high-speed Fourier-domain OCT retinal imaging system was used to image retinas of two healthy subjects ...

The image quality in whole slide imaging (WSI) is one of the most important issues for the practical use of WSI scanners. In this paper, we proposed an image quality evaluation method for scanned slide images in which no reference image is required. While most of the conventional methods for ...

PurposeTo evaluate indocyanine green (ICGA) and fluorescein angiography (FA) in imaging and quantifying corneal neovascularization (CNV).MethodsPatients with CNV were studied using a standardized protocol of color digital photography, FA and ICGA. Images were graded independently by two observers and assessed for quality, phases of fluorescence and leakage. Areas of CNV ...

Purpose:To report confocal red-free imaging as a novel, noninvasive imaging modality for the detection of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and to compare its effectiveness to that of fluorescein angiography (FA) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods:This was a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. We enrolled 50 eyes ...

A new time-efficient and accurate technique for simultaneous mapping of T(1) and B(1) is proposed based on a combination of the actual flip angle (FA) imaging and variable FA methods. Variable FA-actual FA imaging utilizes a single actual FA imaging and one or more spoiled gradient-echo acquisitions with a simultaneous ...

The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) guidelines for the determination of brain death involve clinical testing and/or the use of brain blood flow analysis techniques. Recently, there has been professional and lay discussion regarding the role of brain blood flow analysis in the determination of brain death. ...

PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and reproducibility of 3-Tesla diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the anal canal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DTI was performed in 25 men with no clinical history of anal canal disease undergoing MRI for prostate cancer. Analysis of fractional anisotropy (FA), relative anisotropy (RA), and apparent diffusion ...

Purpose:To investigate technical feasibility, test-retest reproducibility, and the ability to differentiate healthy subjects from subjects with osteoarthritis (OA) with diffusion-tensor (DT) imaging parameters and T2 relaxation time.Materials and Methods:This study was approved by the institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant. All subjects provided written informed consent. DT imaging parameters ...

To investigate the late effects of radiation on child-bearing women, a follow-up study was performed on a 39-year-old survivor 16 years after a (60)Co radiation accident. The woman, Fang, was 19 weeks pregnant at the time of exposure. Physical examinations, a full range of clinical laboratory and imaging tests, as ...

To evaluate new grading criteria for geographic atrophy (GA), as detected by annual stereoscopic color fundus photographs and fluorescein angiograms, and to assess whether application of the revised criteria provides earlier identification of GA than previous criteria involving only color fundus photography. Annual fundus image sets from 114 CAPT patients ...

In vivo cell-death imaging is still a challenging issue. Until now, only 99mTc labeled HYNIC-rh-annexin A5 has been extensively studied in clinical trials. In the ongoing search for an alternative imaging agent we synthesized a series of fluorescent zinc-cyclen complexes as annexin A5 mimics and studied structural variations on the ...

This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 64-slice multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) for preoperatively detecting the perforation site in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tract perforations. A total of 49 patients with pathologically proven GI tract perforations, who had undergone MDCT were included in this study. The contrast-enhanced ...

The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements of a human dry skull by comparing them to direct digital caliper measurements. Heated gutta-percha was used to mark 13 specific distances on a human skull, and the distances were directly measured ...

PETbox is a low cost bench top preclinical PET scanner dedicated to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mouse studies. A prototype system was developed at our institute, and this manuscript characterizes the performance of the prototype system. The PETbox detector consists of a 20 × 44 bismuth germanate crystal array with a thickness of ...

Mitophagy, the selective removal of mitochondria through the autophagic pathway, is involved in cellular mitochondria quality control. Dysfunctional mitochondria can be selectively eliminated through Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Parkin is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that selectively translocates onto impaired mitochondria to initiate mitophagy, and mutations in Parkin have been identified in autosomal ...

We simulated brain lesions in mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) images of healthy subjects to evaluate the performance of voxel-based analysis (VBA) with SPM2. We increased MD and decreased FA, simulating the most typical abnormalities in brain pathologies, in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), corticospinal tract (CST), and ...

PURPOSE: To accelerate and optimize black blood properties of the quadruple inversion recovery (QIR) technique for imaging the abdominal aortic wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS: QIR inversion delays were optimized for different heart rates in simulations and phantom studies by minimizing the steady state magnetization of blood for T(1) = 100-1400 ...

Apoptosis and necrosis play an important role in various aspects of preclinical pharmaceutical drug discovery and validation. The ability to quickly determine the cytotoxic effect of chemical compounds on cancer cells allows researchers to efficiently identify potential drug candidates for further development in the pharmaceutical discovery pipeline. Recently, a new ...

We present RERBEE (Robust Efficient Registration via Bifurcations and Elongated Elements), a novel featurebased registration algorithm able to correct local deformations in high-resolution ultra-wide field-of-view (UWFV) fluorescein angiogram (FA) sequences of the retina. The algorithm is able to cope with peripheral blurring, severe occlusions, presence of retinal pathologies and the ...

This paper reports on findings of a survey of women's magazines and the internet looking at the extent to which images of babies reinforce or undermine safe infant care advice to reduce the risk of cot death. All images of babies printed in all issues of nine magazines over an ...

Sonohysterography is a simple, safe and convenient technique that is easily and rapidly performed in the ultrasound room; yet the technique seems to be underutilized in West Africa. We present two cases that were successfully carried out in our centre followed by detailed description, uses and challenges of the technique, ...

In this paper, we are concerned with image down-sampling using subpixel techniques to achieve superior sharpness for small LCD displays. Such a problem exists when a high resolution image or video is to be displayed on low resolution display terminals. Limited by the low-resolution display, we have to shrink the ...

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a novel imaging modality providing in vivo histology and allowing capture of very high-resolution images of human and animal liver. The manuscript from Goetz and colleagues in this issue of American Journal of Physiology GI and Liver, used CLE to continuously follow distinct morphological, functional ...

BACKGROUND: We investigated a simple imaging sign for Alzheimer's disease (AD), using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We hypothesized that a reduction in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the fornix could be utilized as an imaging sign. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with AD, 24 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 25 ...

Spectral imaging systems are capable of detecting and quantifying subtle differences in light quality. In this study we coupled spectral imaging with fluorescence and white light microscopy to develop new methods for quantifying autophagy and apoptosis. For autophagy, we employed multispectral imaging to examine spectral changes in the fluorescence of ...

The objective of this study was to propose a feasibility of a cellular imaging assay as an alternative to the conventional cytotoxicity assay, such as MTS assay, for apoptosis monitoring. As an apoptosis monitoring parameter, affinity interaction between phosphatidylserine (PS) and annexin V was chosen. First, the specific binding affinity ...

Purpose. To report imaging findings of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy (UAIM). Methods. In this observational case report, the Spectralis acquisition system (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany), which includes spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), multiple autofluorescence (AF), fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, was used for monitoring onset and evolution ...

The aim of this paper is to obtain discriminant features from two scalar measures of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data, Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and Mean Diffusivity (MD), and to train and test classifiers able to discriminate Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients from controls on the basis of features extracted from the ...