Abstract Objectives: The objective of this study is to search for distinct features in the color of human tissues under acupuncture points. Methods: The data for computerized tomography and anatomical images of human males were downloaded with permission from the Visible Human Project initiated by the National Library of Medicine. ...

Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by parasitic worms often represents most severe complication of human helminthiasis. The pathways from the portal of entry to the CNS are manifold and differ from species to species. In this mini-review, we analysed the contemporary knowledge and current concepts of the routes ...

The influence from the central nervous system on the human multifractal heart rate variability (HRV) is examined under the autonomic nervous system perturbation induced by the head-up-tilt body maneuver. We conducted the multifractal factorization analysis to factor out the common multifractal factor in the joint fluctuation of the beat-to-beat heart ...

Demyelinating processes involving the central nervous system have a variety of aetiologies and can be separated into primary and secondary demyelinating processes. The classic example of primary demyelination is multiple sclerosis. Secondary demyelination, where the aetiology is known, includes infectious, metabolic and toxic disease processes. The underlying component of all ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypoglycemia in the newborn may be associated with both acute decompensation and long-term neuronal loss. Studies of the cause of hypoglycemic brain damage and the relationship of hypoglycemia to disorders associated with hyperinsulinism have aided in our understanding of this common clinical finding. RECENT FINDINGS: A recent ...

Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, and the imaging findings differ from those in immunocompetent patients. Here, we present the imaging findings in an immunocompetent woman of a rare case of central nervous system cryptococcal choroid plexitis with trapped temporal horns, enlarged ...

Entoprocta is a small phylum of tentacle-bearing spiralian lophotrochozoans that comprises mainly marine representatives, with only two known freshwater species. One of them, Loxosomatoides sirindhornae Wood, 2005 was only recently described, and detailed information on its morphology including adaptations to life in freshwater are unknown. We analyzed the internal anatomy ...

In vertebrate species, the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has been implicated in neural and behavioral development. Although several OT-like peptides have been characterized in invertebrate species, the ontogenesis of the OT-like system has not yet been described in these species. Thus, the aim of the present study was to perform an ...

We assess the effect on placental efficiency of the non-centrality of the umbilical cord insertion and on chorionic vascular distribution to determine if cord centrality measurably affects placental function as reflected in birth weight. 1225 placentas collected from a prospective cohort had digital photographs of the chorionic plate. Of these, ...

Despite extensive imaging, a source of bleeding is often not evident during the evaluation of patients with superficial siderosis (SS) of the central nervous system. An intraspinal fluid-filled collection of variable dimensions is frequently seen on spine MR imaging in patients with idiopathic SS. A similar finding has also been ...

SUMMARY: Applications of nanotechnology to medicine are leading to novel means of imaging living systems and of delivering therapy. Much nanotechnology research is focused on methods for imaging central nervous system functions and disease states. In this review, the principles of nanoparticle design and function are discussed with specific emphasis ...

In this descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from March 2005 to March 2007, 410 congenital malformations were recorded among 61,112 live births in six general hospitals in different districts of Tehran. The overall incidence was 0.6% (0.69% in males and 0.62% in females) and the most affected system was the ...

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare, X-linked dominant multisystem genodermatosis affecting ectodermal and mesodermal tissues. After the skin, the central nervous system is the second-most affected system. We report a neonate with incontinentia pigmenti and encephalocele, as a feature of the central nervous system involvement, to stress this uncommon association.

The natural resting orientations of several species of nocturnal moth on tree trunks were recorded over a three-month period in eastern Ontario, Canada. Moths from certain genera exhibited resting orientation distributions that differed significantly from random, whereas others did not. In particular, Catocala spp. collectively tended to orient vertically, whereas ...

Entangled systems display correlations that are stronger than can be obtained classically. This makes entanglement an essential resource for a number of applications, such as quantum information processing, quantum computing and quantum communications. The ability to control the transfer of entanglement between different locations will play a key role in ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nosocomial infections affect up to 26% of ICU patients. Compliance with the required hand hygiene procedures remains low, rarely exceeding 50%, with skin irritation as one of the main reasons for lack of conformity. The aim was to quantify the epidermal barrier effects, particularly erythema, from repetitive exposure to ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate nuchal translucency measurement quality assurance techniques in a large-scale study. METHODS: From 1999 to 2001, unselected patients with singleton gestations between 10 + 3 weeks and 13 + 6 weeks were recruited from 15 centers. Sonographic nuchal translucency measurement was performed by trained technicians. Four levels of ...

Haemorrhage is the main manifestation of the haemophilias. Although acute haemorrhages can be life threatening, especially if involving the central nervous system, repeated haemorrhages involving the musculoskeletal system lead to two conditions unique to patients with haemophilias. This pictorial essay reviews the typical imaging appearances of haemorrhages and consequences in ...

Haemoglobin is a physiologically significant metalloprotein that is involved in the exchange of gases for sustaining life. The respiratory system of birds is unique and complex compared with that of mammals. Many investigations of avian haemoglobins have revealed the presence of inositol pentaphosphate (IP5), a principal allosteric effector that is ...

An account is offered of a longterm psychotherapy with a patient for whom religious experience, especially her image of God, was central in the work of the therapy. The patient's image of God is explored psychodynamically in order to discern the impact this image had on the therapeutic relationship as ...

Recent advances in nervous system imaging techniques have greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infections. Nowadays, the most useful imaging modalities are harmless to the patient and widely available. Whereas Analysis of CSF, biopsy, and laboratory analysis remain the gold standard to identify the infectious agent ...

Multistability has been a phenomenon of continuous interest in nonlinear dynamics. Most existing works so far have focused on smooth dynamical systems. Motivated by the fact that nonsmooth dynamical systems can arise commonly in realistic physical and engineering applications such as impact oscillators and switching electronic circuits, we investigate multistability ...

Intracranial lipoma is a very rare condition, with an incidence of less than 0.1% of all intracranial tumors. They are mostly localized in the pericallosal region. Pericallosal lipoma is an extremely rare tumor of the central nervous system and rarely gives any symptoms. A 6-year-old girl with an unexplained headache ...

Microcirculation, a complex and specialized facet of organ architecture, has characteristics that vary according to the function of the tissue it supplies. Bedside technology that can directly observe microcirculation in patients, such as orthogonal polarization spectral imaging and sidestream dark field imaging, has opened the way to investigating this network ...

VEGF-mediated vascular fusion in the generation of uniluminal spheroids. Luminized vascular networks present in mouse allantoic-derived tissue spheroids (upper image) fuse when treated with VEGF to form a single central vessel (lower image). Spheroids were immunolabeled with antibodies to PECAM-1 (green) and SMalphaA (red). See Gentile et al., Developmental Dynamics ...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Detection of fever has become an essential step in identifying patients who may have severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or avian influenza. This study evaluated infrared thermography (IRT) and compared the influence of different imagers, ambient temperature discrepancy, and the distance between the subject and imager. METHODS: IRT-digital infrared ...

Several species of Mormyrid weakly electric fish have a mobile chin protuberance that serves as a mobile antenna during prey detection, tracking behaviors, and foraging for food. It has been proposed that it constitutes a fovea of the electrosensory system. The distribution of the three types of receptor organs involved ...

Direct imaging of exoplanetary systems is a powerful technique that can reveal Jupiter-like planets in wide orbits, can enable detailed characterization of planetary atmospheres, and is a key step toward imaging Earth-like planets. Imaging detections are challenging because of the combined effect of small angular separation and large luminosity contrast ...

Frontal and/or maxillary sinusitis frequently originates with pathologic processes of the ethmoid sinuses. This clinical association is explained by the close anatomical relationship between the frontal and maxillary sinuses and the ethmoid sinus, since developmental trajectories place the ethmoid in a strategic central position within the nasal complex. The advent ...

BACKGROUND: Associated phoria is defined as the prism that aligns monocular markers in a fixation disparity (FD) test. We examined whether the 'FD-aligning prism' predicts the 'self-selected prism' (SSP), i.e. the prism that the observer judges to be most comfortable when viewing fully fusionable images. METHODS: For the FD-aligning prism, ...

A necessary condition for Rift Valley fever (RVF) emergence is the presence of Aedes (Aedimorphus) vexans and Culex (Culex) poicilipes mosquitoes carrying the arbovirus and responsible for the infection. This paper presents a detailed mapping in the Sahelian region of Senegal of zones potentially occupied by these mosquitoes (ZPOMs) whose ...

The hedgehog family of morphogens (sonic [Shh], Indian, and desert hedgehog) are central regulators of embryologic growth and tissue patterning. Although recent work implicates Shh in postnatal tissue repair and development, conclusive evidence is lacking. Here, we demonstrated the importance of Shh in wound repair, by examining the effects of ...

The genome of Streptococcus mutans harbours 13 two-component signal transduction systems (TCSTSs). Of these, a peptide-mediated quorum-sensing system, ComCDE, and the HK/RR11 two-component system are well known to regulate several virulence-associated traits in in vitro experiments, including genetic competence, bacteriocin production, biofilm formation and stress responses. In this study, we ...

A detailed understanding of the morphology of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) spike is key to understanding viral pathogenesis and for informed vaccine design. We have previously presented a cryoelectron microscopic tomogram (cryoET) of the Env spikes on SIV virions. Several structural features were noted in the gp120 head and gp41 ...

Cerebral gnathostomiasis is a severe form of human infection caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum. We report sequential brain imaging in serologically proven cerebral gnathostomiasis. The clinical and radiographic correlation showed the probable route taken by the parasite during its migration through the central nervous system. We offer additional insight into pathogenesis ...

The quantum radiation through the multilayer structures containing the left-handed materials is investigated based on the Green-function approach to the quantization of the phenomenological Maxwell theory. Emphasis is placed on the effect of randomness on the generation and transmission of entangled-states. It is shown that some unusual properties appear for ...

A central goal in biomedicine is to explain organismic behavior in terms of causal cellular processes. However, concurrent observation of mammalian behavior and underlying cellular dynamics has been a longstanding challenge. We describe a miniaturized (1.1 g mass) epifluorescence microscope for cellular-level brain imaging in freely moving mice, and its ...

BACKGROUND: The paradigm shift from occlusion to esthetics places more emphasis on the subtle relationships among the teeth and the interplay with the soft tissues. The authors of this study quantified the ideal and maximum acceptable deviations for smile characteristics. METHODS: The authors created a survey by using a digital ...

A multiinstitution collaboration is developing a neutron imaging system for the Sandia Z facility. The initial system design is for slit aperture imaging system capable of obtaining a one-dimensional image of a 2.45 MeV source producing 5x10(12) neutrons with a resolution of 320 microm along the axial dimension of the ...

Orthogonal or dissimilar separation systems provide different selectivities and their application can facilitate the development of methods to identify and quantify impurities in a drug substance. Two sets of chromatographic systems potentially applicable for method development were evaluated using four drug/impurity profiles. The sets consist of orthogonal or dissimilar systems ...

Magnetic resonance technology is continually improving. Functional imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy, perfusion imaging, diffusion imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging are increasingly used in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors in children. However, estimate of tumor size remains the primary imaging endpoint in the evaluation of response ...

Direct perfusion of specific regions of the central nervous system by convection-enhanced delivery is becoming more widely used for the delivery of compounds in the research and treatment of various neural disorders. In contrast to other currently available central nervous system delivery techniques, convection-enhanced delivery relies on bulk flow for ...

Increasing attention is being paid to reliability, safety, and security issues in social systems. Scott Sagan examined why more security forces (a redundancy solution) may lead to less security. He discussed how such a solution can backfire due to three major issues (i.e., "common-mode error,""social shirking," and "overcompensation"). In this ...

Viscoelastic micellar solutions are formed in poly(oxyethylene) cholesteryl ether (ChEO(m), m=15, 30) aqueous solutions on addition of tri(ethyleneglycol) mono n-dodecyl ether (C(12)EO(3)). The steady-shear and dynamic rheological behavior of the systems is characteristic of wormlike micellar solution. In either system, the plateau modulus (G(0)) and relaxation time (tau) are found ...

This paper presents research concerning the environmental analysis of the selective collection management of municipal solid waste. The main goal of this study is to quantify and to compare, by means of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), the potential environmental impacts of three selective collection systems modelled on densely populated urban ...

The effect of different sugars and glyoxal on the formation of acrylamide in low-moisture starch-based model systems was studied, and kinetic data were obtained. Glucose was more effective than fructose, tagatose, or maltose in acrylamide formation, whereas the importance of glyoxal as a key sugar fragmentation intermediate was confirmed. Glyoxal ...

This study investigated the influence of wearing an F-Scan mobile in-shoe pressure measurement system on running characteristics. Six subjects ran on a treadmill at three speeds (3.5 ms(-1), 4.5 ms(-1) and 5.4 ms(-1)) with and without wearing the F-Scan system while kinematic data were collected at 240 Hz using a ...

The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS) is one of several newly emerging, high-resolution, numerical air quality forecasting systems. The system is briefly described. A public education application of the air quality impact of motor vehicle usage is explored by computing the concentration and dosage of particulate matter less than ...

Neurocysticercosis, a disease caused by a tapeworm larva in the central nervous system, is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy in undeveloped regions of the world. In Taiwan, after improvements in sanitation, tapeworm infection became very rare except in mountain areas inhibited by aborigines. However, in recent years, immigration from ...

The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development held a workshop on September 18-19, 2006, to summarize the available evidence on the role and performance of current fetal imaging technology and to establish a research agenda. Ultrasonography is the imaging modality of choice for pregnancy evaluation ...