The demonstrated health benefits of active commuting (AC) and low participation rates among older adults (OAs) indicates a need to examine the social-ecological correlates of AC by age category. An online survey of employed US adults examined AC participation, individual, employment-related, community and environmental variables. Participants were dichotomized by age ...

Advanced glycation end products (AGE) formed at an accelerated rate under diabetes, could cause podocyte apoptosis, thereby being involved in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a role in diabetic nephropathy as well. However, it remains unknown whether there exists a pathophysiological crosstalk between the ...

Object The authors evaluated the rates of ventriculostomy-related infections (VRIs) after antibiotic-coated extraventricular drains (ac-EVDs) were introduced as the standard of care. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of adult patients admitted to NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital neurological intensive care unit in whom an EVD was placed between February 2007 and ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence, mortality and case fatality of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Finland during 1993-2007 and to create forecasts of the absolute numbers of ACS cases in the future, taking into account the aging of the population. DESIGN: Community surveillance study and modelled forecasts of the future. ...

BACKGROUND: Strategies for initial drug therapy of hypertension are a thiazide diuretic for all or drug selection based on age/race criteria or on plasma renin activity (PRA). It is uncertain which of these strategies will achieve the highest control rate among patients with stage 1 essential hypertension. We sought to ...

Sexual selection may operate on pre-copulatory, copulatory, and post-copulatory traits. An example of a copulatory target of sexual selection is the genitalic movements a male performs during copulation. These movements may function either to prevent sperm competition or to influence a female's fertilization decision. Here we investigated how copulation duration, ...

Post-mating sexual selection by means of sperm competition or cryptic female choice occurs in species in which females remate before exhausting sperm supplied by previous mates. Thus, sperm competition is expected to be stronger when inseminated females remate more frequently or take longer to deplete sperm load. Previous studies comparing ...

We assessed the impact of the publication of trials and changes in recommendations on the rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men aged 40 to 64 years by analyzing monthly medical claims for PSA testing in a commercial insurance database from 2001 to 2011, covering more than 1.5 million ...

Background: Variation in the ankle-brachial index (ABI) is related to the progression of atherosclerosis in the lower extremities and is associated with mid-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in ABI after four years of follow-up of individuals in the general population, ...

: Active commuting (AC) to the workplace is a successful strategy for incorporating more physical activity into daily life and is associated with health benefits. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between interpersonal influences and AC. METHODS:: A cross-sectional online survey was delivered to workplaces in ...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) such as rs1799752, nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) such as rs28362491 and cholesteryl ester transport protein (CETP) such as rs708272 (TaqB1) and rs5882 (I405V) were evaluated in nonagenarians, centenarians, and average life span individuals (controls). The study population (n = 307; 190 nonagenarians, ...

WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The management of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and some cases of obstructive azoospermia involves testicular sperm extraction (TESE or micro-dissection TESE) combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Several studies have investigated the effect of the male age, the ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the response of the endocrine system, strength development and muscle circumference to moderate-resistance training in younger and middle-aged men. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of men of similar activity background, but differing in age (Y: 21.2±2.2years and M: 49.7±2.1years) participated in an 8-week moderate-resistance training program. Blood ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The Japan Assessment of Pitavastatin and Atorvastatin in Acute Coronary Syndrome (JAPAN-ACS) trial demonstrated that early aggressive statin therapy in patients with ACS significantly reduces plaque volume (PV). Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the receptors of AGEs (RAGE) may lead to angiopathy in diabetes mellitus (DM) and ...

Whether persistent hyperglycemia (PG) during hospitalisation has a greater impact on adverse outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) than a single random glucose measurement is not well defined. To find out the association of admission glycemia (AG) VS PG on outcomes in patients of ACS. Prospective, cohort, hospital-based. We evaluated ...

To establish a base line for future studies on temporal trends, to describe potential geographical differences in semen quality and reference values for studies of men from the general population. Cross-sectional study of fertile men from four areas in Japan. Inclusion criteria were: age 20-45 years at the time of ...

Background. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is a common shoulder problem. However, information about the basic epidemiological features of this condition is scarce. The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiology of isolated AC dislocation in an urban population. Materials and Methods. A retrospective database search was performed to ...

A loss of sperm viability and functionality during sperm transfer and storage within the female reproductive tract can have important fitness implications by disrupting fertilization and impairing offspring development and survival. Consequently, mechanisms that mitigate the temporal decline in sperm function are likely to be important targets of selection. In ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Poor sperm quality can negatively affect embryonic development and IVF outcome. This study is aimed at investigating the influence of various lifestyle factors on semen quality according to MSOME (motile sperm organelle morphology examination) criteria. METHODS: 1683 male patients undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in our clinic were ...

OBJECTIVES: Although diabetes mellitus (DM) has been suggested as a risk factor of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS), data on the temporal association between these two conditions are sparse. The purpose of this population-based, age- and sex- matched cohort study was to investigate the risk of developing ACS in ...

Aims: Atherosclerosis accelerates with increasing age; however, young women presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have adverse outcomes compared to men despite less obstructive coronary artery disease. We sought to evaluate the in vivo plaque characteristics and composition of untreated non-culprit lesions (NCL) at two ages (<65 years old and ...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The causes of chronic cough in China and its relations with geography, seasonality, age and gender are largely uncertain. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter survey was conducted to evaluate patients with chronic cough across five regions in China by utilizing a modified diagnostic algorithm. The effects of geography, seasonality, ...

Background:Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is reportedly associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the relationship between abdominal circumference (AC) and decline in FEV(1) has not been elucidated. We aimed to investigate this relationship among male current smokers.Methods:Spirometry was performed on subjects (n = 3,257) ≥ 40 years of age, who ...

Morphometric data of the frontal lobe are important for surgical planning of lesions in the frontal lobe and its surroundings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques provide suitable data for this purpose. In our study, the morphometric data of mid-sagittal MRI of the frontal lobe in certain age and gender groups ...

Studying mate choice at the gamete level can provide valuable insights into proximate mechanisms that underlie the evolution of mating systems. The objective was to assess whether ovarian fluid enhances sperm performance based on relatedness of mates in lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, an iteroparous salmonid. Twelve trios were used, each ...

It is common for females from many species to mate with multiple males within one reproductive cycle. As a result, sperm from different males come into contact in the female reproductive organs, where they compete for ova fertilization. This sperm competition appears to drive the ejaculation of a greater number ...

Our study documents how the divorce rate among persons aged 50 and older has changed between 1990 and 2010 and identifies the sociodemographic correlates of divorce among today's middle-aged and older adults. We used data from the 1990 U.S. Vital Statistics Report and the 2010 American Community Survey (ACS) to ...

Background  Antegrade continence enemas (ACE) have been used in the treatment of defecation disorders in children; little is known on their effect on colon motility and the utility of the colon manometry (CM) predicting long-term ACE outcomes. Methods  Retrospective review of children with constipation undergoing CM before and after ACE ...

The aim of this study was to examine the differences in demographic, psychosocial (depression), and clinical profiles among younger (males ≤50 years of age and females ≤55 years of age) and older (males >50 years of age and females >55 years of age) patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study is a preliminary ...

Male goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to female hormonal pheromones express increased milt volumes and their sperm fertilize more eggs than sperm from unprimed males. Ovulated salmonid females also release odours that increase volumes of strippable milt in males. It is, however, not known if the priming pheromones affect the ability ...

BACKGROUND: The number of elderly and the prevalence of dementia have grown considerably in recent years. Little is known about how aging and dementia affect care patterns after discharge for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess the impact of dementia on care patterns after admission ...

The goal of this study is to examine the extent to which population shifts over the post-Great Migration period and divergent trends in segregation across regions contributed to the overall decline in black segregation in the United States in recent decades. Using data from the 1970 to 2000 decennial censuses ...

The objectives of this study were to characterize development of the testicular vascular cone using ultrasonography and to determine associations of vascular cone morphology with scrotal temperature, semen quality, and sperm production. Beef bulls (n=70) were examined from 10 to 70wk of age in two years, and a third group ...

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association of nutritional status with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and health status in elderly individuals from two cities in different regions of Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional epidemiological home-based study, involving 477 and 316 elderly individuals (> 60 years) from the towns of Antônio Carlos (AC-SC) and Lafaiete Coutinho ...

OBJECTIVES: Studies demonstrate safety and survival benefits of surgical resection in older individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We investigated treatment disparities by age. METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for survival and treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 1983 and 2007 stratified by age: younger than 50 years, between 50 ...

Commercial normal stress databases in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) commonly consist of 30-40 individuals. The aim of the study was to determine how many subjects are needed. Four normal stress databases were developed using patients who underwent 99mTc MPS: non-corrected images (NC) for male, NC for female, attenuation-corrected images (AC) ...

Among most animals with internal fertilization, females store sperm in specific regions of their reproductive tract for later use. Sperm storage enables prolonged fertility, physical and temporal separation of mating from fertilization and, when females mate with multiple males, opportunities for differential use of the various males' sperm. Thus, stored ...

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is common amongst minority groups in Britain but its magnitude amongst South Asian (SA) and Black African-Caribbean (AC) groups is not well defined. The steroidal, endocrine nature of vitamin D provides it with a putative link with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and we hypothesised that aberrant levels ...

The severity and mortality rates of acute pancreatitis (AP) are significantly elevated in the elderly population. However, due to a lack of appropriate animal models, the underlying mechanisms for this age-dependent vulnerability remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to characterize a murine model of AP, which displays ...

The increasing population in older age will lead to greater numbers of them presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This has implications on global healthcare resources and necessitates better management and selection for evidenced-based therapies. The elderly are a high risk group with more significant treatment benefits than younger ACS. ...

Alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) and liver cirrhosis (ALC) are sequels of excessive alcohol intake. They develop in a minority of long-term alcohol consumers. Their concomitant occurrence is rare and the organ selection remains unknown. The aim of study was to compare patients with ACP and ALC with respect to their ...

Chronic asymptomatic pancreatic hyperenzymemia (CAPH) has been described since 1996 as a benign disease. Recent studies described pathological findings at magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography with secretin stimulation (s-MRCP) in more than half of the CAPH subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and clinical relevance of s-MRCP ...

OBJECTIVES: Alcohol abuse is a risk factor for both liver cirrhosis and chronic pancreatitis. However, less than 15% of heavy drinkers develop these complications. Coexistence of cirrhosis and pancreatitis in the same patient is considered uncommon. We compared drinking patterns and related patient factors in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the volume of normal pancreas in adults using the CT volumetry (summation of the areas technique), analyze the correlation between the volume and the diameters of pancreas, which are measurable by the cross-sectional imaging, and assess the relationship with the gender, ...

A nationwide survey was conducted to clarify the epidemiological features of patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) in Japan. Two sequential surveys were conducted. In the first survey, both the prevalence and incidence of CP in Japan in 2007 were estimated by a questionnaire, which was mailed to 3027 randomly chosen ...

Arterial stiffening is a progressive, ubiquitous and irreversible aging process that is interwoven with and accelerated by various diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension. In large arteries, aging is characterized by decreased turnover of collagen and elastin and increased advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and cross-links. Elastic fibers undergo lysis ...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on the components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in podocytes and to understand the mechanism of these effects. Methods: Immortalized mouse podocytes were exposed to various concentrations of AGEs for different time intervals. The ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of boar age on quality traits and fertility of liquid-stored semen. Boars were allocated into 3 age groups: 7-10 months (young), 18-33 months (mature), 51-61 months (old). Ejaculates of > 200x10(6) sperm/ml and 85% total motile sperm were extended to ...

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a pre-malignant inflammatory reaction of the lips caused by continuous exposure to solar rays. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of AC in a population of sugarcane workers in Brazil. 1,539 individuals who were exposed to the sun during working hours and ...

Mole-rat of the genus Fukomys are mammals whose life span is strongly influenced by reproductive status with breeders far outliving nonbreeders. This raises the important question of whether increased longevity of the breeders is reflected in atypical expression of biochemical markers of aging. Here, we measured markers of glycation and ...