Abstract Objective: Breastfeeding is recognized as an important public health issue with substantial social and economic implications. Moreover, the growth of exclusively breastfed babies differs from that of their formula-fed counterparts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical growth of exclusively breastfed and self-weaned boys and girls ...

In a farm of grandparent broiler breeder chickens, we followed the development of 350 roosters from 6 to 55 weeks of age. Data collected and evaluated from these males included body weight, testicular weight, histologic and immunohistochemistry studies of the testes, hormone levels (testosterone, estradiol and corticosterone) and sperm production. The ...

PURPOSE: In clinical day-to-day life, grip strength, key pinch, and range of motion (ROM) serve to objectively evaluate treatment outcomes on wrist interventions. The goals of this study were to generate normative values of wrist function including the parameters of grip strength, key pinch, wrist ROM, and Disabilities of the ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Studies about the relationship between high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adn) and anthropometric variables among population-based elementary schoolchildren have been too limited, especially in Japan, where blood collection is not usually performed in the annual health examination at elementary schools. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship ...

Asthma and obesity, which have reached epidemic proportions, impact urban youth to a great extent. Findings are inconsistent regarding their relationship; no studies have considered asthma management. We explored the association of obesity and asthma-related morbidity, asthma-related health care utilization, and asthma management in urban adolescents with uncontrolled asthma. We ...

We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in Kuwaiti women residents in the largest province of Kuwait state to highlight the BMD changes with each age, in particular when they reach the postmenopausal stage. Healthy Kuwaiti females between the ages of 10 and 89 years, who were residents in the largest province ...

To prospectively examine the relationship between body weight, frailty, and the disablement process. Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2006) were used to examine the relationship between being underweight, overweight, or obese (compared with normal weight) and the onset and progression of functional limitations and disabilities in instrumental ...

OBJECTIVE: To perform a comparative analysis between the frequency of prematurity and low birth weight among newborns of adolescent and adult mothers, and to evaluate selected maternal data. METHODS: A comparative cohort study involving 703 pregnant women and their newborns at a public hospital in the city of São Paulo ...

Obese adults walk with different biomechanics compared to healthy weight adults. Previous studies have focused on knee biomechanics because they are associated with development and progression of osteoarthritis. Changes in thigh mass and circumference that occur as body weight increases may influence gait. The purpose of this study was to ...

To determine which features of history and demographics predict a diagnosis of malignancy or peptic stricture in patients presenting with dysphagia. A prospective case-control study of 2000 consecutive referrals (1031 female, age range: 17-103 years) to a rapid access service for dysphagia, based in a teaching hospital within the United ...

BACKGROUND: Self-reported weight data have been considered questionable because of under- or over-reporting trends and stigma, especially among females. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of self-reported categorical weight information used to determine body mass index (BMI) groups among females. DESIGN: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis. SETTINGS: This study ...

Background: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been suggested to be linked to obesity. We have previously shown that less-chlorinated PCBs were positively related to fat mass, while highly-chlorinated PCBs were inversely related to obesity. Objective: The aim of the present evaluation is to investigate the relationship between retrospective assessed life-time ...

Our aim was to identify all patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) within the city of Oslo from 1999-2008 and to estimate the incidence and prevalence of SLE according to age, sex and ethnicity. Adults (16 years and over) with SLE were identified from five different sources. Only patients fulfilling ...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe age, gender distribution, and age at onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) in Japan. METHODS: We used epidemiological information on 21,405, 6,327, and 10,058 patients with SLE, PM/DM, and SSc, respectively, in a Japanese nationwide ...

This study assessed how sex of participant is related to electromechanical delay during a karate punch. Ten male (M age = 25.00 yr., SD = 3.02; M height=174.9 cm, SD=6.3; M weight = 71.13 kg, SD=9.35) and 8 female (M age = 27.4 yr., SD = 6.0; M height = ...

The real impact of true bug damage on cocoa pods has never been assessed precisely. We conducted a 2-yr study on 1,080 cocoa trees on 36 farms in Cameroon to assess the contribution of true bugs to fruit mortality and production loss. The cocoa fruiting cycle, fruit mortality, and damage ...

OBJECTIVE: Clozapine is the first choice in drug-resistant schizophrenia but also causes important weight changes. This might discourage clinicians concerned about the risk of developing health problems. To assess this issue we measured change in body mass index (cBMI) induced by clozapine at 18 and 56 weeks. METHODS: Baseline body ...

Poultry genetic resources diversity serves as a reservoir of genes adaptable to local conditions, production, resource utilization, and production that are compatible with consumer preferences for meat and egg products. This study was, therefore, conducted to determine the production potentials of native chickens in Western Visayas, Philippines. A total of ...

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of age, body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) of maiden Holstein-Friesian heifers before mating start date (MSD) on the rate of puberty, subsequent production and longevity and their implications with regard to farm profitability. Data were available on ...

The aim of the study was to derive a clinically useful formula for paravertebral block for thoracic, lumbar (L1) and cervical level (C6) as per the ultrasound-guided measurements in neonates, infants and children up to 5 years of age. Observational study. Seventy-five patients from 2 days to 60 months were ...

To evaluate the neck strength of school-aged rugby players, and to define the relationship with proxy physical measures with a view to predicting neck strength. Cross-sectional cohort study involving 382 rugby playing schoolchildren at three Scottish schools (all male, aged between 12 and 18 years). Outcome measures included maximal isometric ...

The impact of age and BMI on functional impairment in eating disorders was assessed by the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA) scale in a representative community sample. The CIA was administered to 1080 women aged 16-50years (M=36.2, SD=9.5) with a range of BMI from 13.5 to 55.0 (M=24.6, SD=4.9) randomly selected ...

Cutaneous sensation deteriorates with age. It is not known if this change is consistent over the entire hand or if sensation is affected by changes in skin mechanics. Cutaneous perceptual thresholds were tested at eight sites in the glabrous skin and two in the hairy skin of both hands in ...

Many factors influence athletes' performance including anthropometric, physiological and environmental parameters. High altitude is characterized by adverse environmental conditions that are not found at sea level. We investigated the influence of some anthropometric and physiological factors on performance in the context of the Mount Cameroon Race of Hope. Age, height, ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in physical fitness, physical activity, and sedentary activities among 7 to 11 year old boys with varying body mass index in Ardabil, Iran. The sample consisted of 766 boys who participated in eight weight bearing (1 mile walk/run, sit ups, ...

Objective: To assess five years trends in total and abdominal fat in Spanish adolescents. Design: Two cross-sectional studies: adolescents from the city of Zaragoza (Spain) assessed during 2001-2002 and 2006-2007. Subjects: 399 adolescents in 2001-02 and 392 adolescents in 2006-07. Main outcome measurements: Socio-economic status was assessed using the education ...

Little is known about the relationship between low birth weight (BW), as a marker of under-nutrition in utero, and childhood body mass index (BMI) and adiposity parameters, including skinfold thickness, abdominal subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT) and intramyocellular accumulation of lipids (IMCL). The EPOCH Study (Exploring Perinatal Outcomes ...

This study was designed to assess the relationship between birth weight and prospectively measured trajectories of preconception health across adolescence and young adulthood in a diverse national cohort of young adult women. Data came from Waves I (1994-1995), III (2001-2002), and IV (2007-2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent ...

OBJECTIVES: The (ever) prevalence of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) can vary widely depending on the definition used. We determined the prevalence of NPSLE in 1000 Faces of Lupus, a large multicenter Canadian cohort. METHODS: Adults enrolled at 10 sites who satisfied the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification for ...

The objective of this study is to determine the socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of outpatients with SLE who present with excess weight as well as to assess the immunosuppressive therapy used. One hundred and seventy women with SLE were evaluated consecutively in a transversal study. The relationship between excess ...

To examine how the associations among body mass index (BMI) and body dissatisfaction and weight and shape concern evolve from late childhood through late adolescence in boys and girls. We analyze data from subjects aged 9-18 years from the Growing Up Today Study, a national prospective cohort of U.S. youth ...

Introduction: Tooth eruption, recognized as an aspect of human growth and development, could possibly be influenced by a number of factors. It may reflect the general body development. Aim: The aim of the present research is to investigate the relationship of deciduous teeth emergence with physical growth (weight/height indices). Materials ...

This study evaluated asymmetry of weight bearing on the lower limbs and the association between percentage weight bearing asymmetry (PWBA) and functional ambulation performance in ambulant stroke survivors. Participants were 53 stroke survivors (male = 35, female = 18) aged 40-86 years (mean=58.87; SD=9.21years) with hemiparesis. Weight bearing through the ...

Necropsy of gastrointestinal tract of 125 free-range chickens from a subtropical and humid zone of northwestern India revealed four nematode spp. (Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria spp. and Cheilospirura hamulosa) and four cestode spp. (Raillietina cesticillus, Raillietina echinobothrida, Raillietina tetragona and Amoebotaenia cuneata) The overall prevalence of the helminth parasites ...

Background: Ultrasound guidelines for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) have fixed minimum measurements and do not account for variation in patient weight or age. We sought to determine if preoperative pyloric measurements correlated with weight and age in patients with surgically proven HPS.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 189 patients ...

Objective : The success of treatment for pediatric obesity is variable and often unsatisfactory. This study elucidates the influence of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity on short- and long-term weight loss and maintenance after outpatient treatment. Methods : We included 8- to 16-year-old overweight and obese participants treated in 17 multidisciplinary outpatient ...

This study aimed to compare self-reported weight and body mass index (BMI) in order to determine discrepancies between subjective and objective obesity-related markers, and possible explanatory factors of overweight and obesity underestimation, in urban, rural and migrant populations. Data from the PERU MIGRANT study, a cross-sectional study, in low-income settings, ...

In a previous longitudinal analysis of our cohort as 8 to 10 year-olds, insulin resistance (IR) increased with age, but was not modified by changes in percent body fat (%BF), and was only responsive to changes in physical activity (PA) in boys. We aimed to determine whether these responses persisted ...

To compare the performance of Stunkard's current body size (CBS) with self-reported body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist to stature ratio (WSR) in predicting weight status in Chinese adolescents, and to determine the CBS cutoffs for overweight/obesity and underweight. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample ...

Past research has provided evidence that older adults have more difficulty than younger adults in discriminating small differences in lifted weight (i.e., the difference threshold for older adults is higher than that of younger adults). Given this result, one might expect that older adults would demonstrate similar impairments in weight ...

Some reproductive parameters of the Nigerian local bitches were studied at the kennel of the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Reproduction, University of Ibadan using 6 bitches and 1 stud aged between 2 and 3 years, weighing 10 to 12kg. The bitches were mated naturally by the stud at the ...

PURPOSE: To analyze the influence of weight, height and body mass index in the axial tongue force. METHODS: Medical records with data from 44 subjects aged between 20 and 37 years, 11 (25%) males and 33 (75%) female, were analyzed. The investigated information were weight, height, result of clinical evaluation ...

Obesity is an important and life-threatening disease, associated with different chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We sought to address the paucity of information on the trends of anthropometric indices such as weight, waist circumference, and body mass index in the adult population of Iran. We drew ...

Ultrasonography allows the quantification of dermal density and echogenicity changes during the physiological senescence process. Some active ingredients are able to slow down the tissular degeneration and disorganization process. The purpose of this study was to assess the cutaneous changes induced by the topical use of products containing Viniferol(®) as ...

To compare obese and non-obese adolescents in terms of their salivary cortisol response to the Trier Socia l Stress Test ( TSST). This is a cross - sectional study involving 41 healthy adolescents aged 12-14 years in the city of Shenyang, China. The TSST response was determined using salivary cortisol ...

Objective. To examine the association between different marital transitions and changes in body mass index (BMI) and body weight. Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted for peer-reviewed articles published between January 1990 and December 2011. Longitudinal studies were included if they compared dependent variables, such as BMI or weight, ...

Background: Homoscedasticity (constant variance over axes or among statistical factors) is an integral assumption of most statistical analyses. However, a number of empirical studies in model organisms and humans demonstrate significant differences in residual variance (that component of phenotype unexplained by known factors) or intra-individual variation among genotypes. Our work ...

In fish species with alternative male mating tactics, sperm competition typically occurs when small males that are unsuccessful in direct contests steal fertilization opportunities from large dominant males. In the grass goby Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, large territorial males defend and court females from nest sites, while small sneaker males obtain matings ...

Objectives: To test the effects of body weight maintenance, gain, and loss on health care utilisation in terms of outpatient visits to different kinds of physicians in the general adult population.Methods: Self-reported utilisation data were collected within two population-based cohorts (baseline surveys: MONICA-S3 1994/95 and KORA-S4 1999/2001; follow-ups: KORA-F3 2004/05 ...

Clinicians hesitate to perform thoracic paravertebral blockade (TPVB) in children due to the potential high risk of adverse effects. No paediatric anatomical guidelines for TPVB exist. This study aimed to estimate the appropriate depth and distance for safe needle positioning in children. The depth (D) from the skin to the ...