Asian colobines typically live in small one-male groups (OMGs) averaging five adult females, but Simias concolor (simakobu or pig-tailed langur) is considered an exception because mostly adult male-female pairs have been reported. However, based on their phylogenetic position and marked sexual dimorphism, simakobu are also expected to form OMGs with ...

Previous studies in prepubertal heifers suggest that the magnitude of reduction in mammary parenchymal growth in response to ovariectomy varies with the age at which surgery is performed. We hypothesized that ovarian secretions are essential for initiating mammary development but not required to maintain allometric mammary growth in prepubertal dairy ...

Epidemiological studies have shown that high glucose levels and oxidative stress cause elevation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that are known to contribute to diabetic complications. Thus, agents that hamper reactive oxygen species (ROS) load can be used as a potential drug against AGEs-mediated complications. Hence, the present study ...

Through adulthood, the rodent subventricular zone (SVZ) stem cell niche generates new olfactory bulb interneurons. We had previously reported that the number of new neurons produced in the SVZ declines through aging; however, age-related changes attributable specifically to the SVZ neural stem cell (NSC) population have not been fully characterized. ...

BACKGROUND: codes. The prevalence of kDa in the population <40 years was 34.9/100 000 (male/female ratio, 1.47). Coronary complications occurred in 1254 patients (5.37%; male/female ratio, 2.19), with an average annual risk of 2.4% (2.7% for males and 2.0% for females). An acute myocardial infarction occurred in 19 patients (0.08%; ...

Aging negatively affects angiogenesis which is found to be linked to declined vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Adult human thymus degenerates into fat tissue (thymus adipose tissue (TAT)). Recently, we described that TAT from cardiomyopathy ischemic subjects has angiogenic properties. The goal of our study was to analyze whether ...

We established a sensitive and accurate quantification system for Clostridium difficile in human intestines, based on rRNA-targeted reverse transcription - quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). We newly developed a species-specific primer set for C. difficile targeting 23S rRNA gene sequences. Both the vegetative cells and the spores of C. difficile in human ...

A naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe, , that contains a novel receptor was successfully developed. exhibited "turn-on" fluorescence and excellent selectivity toward Ag(+) in the presence of various other metal ions in aqueous solution. A series of control compounds were designed and synthesized in order to explore the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) ...

Our recent studies indicate that the longer peripheral persistence of naïve CD4 T cells that occurs with age is necessary for the development of the key aging defects that lead to compromised responses to vaccination and to new pathogens or new strains of circulating infectious agents. This longer persistence is ...

The decline in hematopoietic function seen during aging involves a progressive reduction in the immune response and an increased incidence of myeloid malignancy, and has been linked to aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The molecular mechanisms underlying HSC aging remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that elevated activity of the ...

A hallmark of aging is the progressive deterioration of immune function. Age-related immune suppression increases susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancer, significant causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. In particular, age-related T cell dysfunction is a major contributor to 'immune-senescence'. Recently, it has become clear that the frequency ...

Involution of the thymus results in reduced production of naïve T cells, and this in turn is thought to contribute to impaired immunity in the elderly. Early T Cell Progenitors (ETP), the most immature intrathymic T cell precursors, harvested from the involuted thymus exhibit a diminished proliferative potential and increased ...

We examined substance use onset and associations with pregnancy by age 15 years. Participants were girls ages 15 years or younger (weighted n = 8319) from the 1999-2003 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBS). Multivariable logistic regression examined pregnancy as a function of substance use onset (i.e., age 10 years or younger, 11-12, ...

This study highlights the capacity of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for investigating nanoparticle (NP) algal cell interaction with a subnanometer resolution. We designed a set of AFM experiments to characterize NP size, shape, and structure to visualize changes in the cell morphology induced by NPs and to characterize NP interaction ...

The age and growth of North Pacific albacore Thunnus alalunga were investigated using obliquely sectioned sagittal otoliths from samples of 126 females and 148 males. Otolith edge analysis indicated that the identified annulus in a sagittal otolith is primarily formed during the period from September to February. The assessments of ...

Impaired linear growth has been reported in patients treated during childhood with allogeneic stem cell transplantation and fractionated total body irradiation (fTBI). The objective of this study was to determine the final height and body mass index (BMI) achieved. Forty-nine patients with leukemia were included and surveyed for more than ...

Dendritic cell (DC) Ag cross-presentation is generally associated with immune responses to tumors and viral Ags, and enhancement of this process is a focus of tumor vaccine design. In this study, we found that the myeloid cell surface peptidase CD13 is highly and specifically expressed on the subset of DCs ...

Increase in oxidative damage and decrease in cellular maintenance is often associated with aging, but, in marine ectotherms, both processes are also strongly influenced by somatic growth, maturation and reproduction. In this study, we used a single cohort of the short-lived catarina scallop Argopecten ventricosus, to investigate the effects of ...

Abstract The aging suppressor gene klotho encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein klotho that in mice is known to extend life span when overexpressed and to resemble accelerated aging, with skeletal muscle atrophy and decreased bone mineral density, when expression is disrupted. We sought to examine the relationship between plasma klotho ...

In organisms with a soma-germ demarcation, the germ-line must be 'preserved' such that harmful damage is not transmitted to the offspring. Keeping the progeny free of damage may be achieved by gametes enjoying elevated, and/or more functional, homeostatic maintenance systems. This possibility was approached here by testing whether the soma ...

A transparent top anode consisting of molybdenum oxide (MoO(x) ) and silver (Ag) is employed in an "inverted-illumination" geometry in conjunction with a thick aluminium (100 nm) bottom contact. The optimised MoO(x) -Ag-MoO(x) stack (MAMS) has an optical transmission of 80% at the wavelength of 520 nm, sheet resistance of ...

We investigated and compared nano-size Ag spheres, plates, and wires in a fish gill epithelial cell line (RT-W1) and in zebrafish embryos to understand the mechanism of toxicity of an engineered nanomaterial raising considerable environmental concern. While most of the Ag nanoparticles induced N-acetyl cysteine sensitive oxidative stress effects in ...

The study investigated age-related changes in the thickness of the deep and superficial abdominal muscles of 103 healthy women who could walk independently The participants were classified into five age groups: young (n=26; 20-24 years), young adult (n=26; 25-44 years), middle-aged (n=16; 45-64 years), young-old (n=16; 65-74 years), and old-old ...

Infection in primary total joint prostheses is estimated to occur in up to 3% of all surgeries. As a measure to improve the antimicrobial properties of implant materials, silver (Ag) was incorporated into plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings. To offset potential cytotoxic effects of Ag in the coatings, strontium (Sr) ...

[Ag(2)(9-aca)(2)] () (9-acaH = 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid) reacts with a series of imidazoles to give [Ag(imidH)(2.3)(CH(3)CN)(0.7)](9-aca) (), [Ag(6)(imidH)(4)(9-aca)(6)(MeOH)(2)] (), {[Ag(1-Me-imid)(2)](2)[Ag(4)(9-aca)(6)]} (), {[Ag(1-Bu-imid)(2)](2)[Ag(4)(9-aca)(6)]} () and [Ag(apim)](9-aca)·H(2)O () (imidH = imidazole; 1-Me-imid = 1-methylimidazole; 1-Bu-imid = 1-butylimidazole; apim = 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole). The mononuclear complex , hexanuclear , and polymeric , were all characterised using ...

We studied lifetime male virility, a male fitness component, in five populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Virility was measured as the number of females, of eight total, that a male could fertilize in 24 h. Individual males were measured at weekly intervals until they died. Virility declined in an approximately linear fashion ...

One step at a time: A novel tridecanuclear Ag(I) (9) -Cu(II) (4) heterometallic cluster comprising four [Cu(phen)(2) ](2+) units on the periphery and one interior [Ag(9) (mna)(8) ](7-) cluster was synthesized in a stepwise manner and characterized. The interior [Ag(9) (mna)(8) ](7-) cluster contains two unusual vertex-shared trigonal-bipyramidal silver polyhedra.

Abstract In population studies, the relative survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) decreases with age. In this study, we have demonstrated in a cohort of 189 patients from a CLL clinic that overall survival was lower in the sub-cohort of patients aged ≥70 years, but causes of deaths were similar ...

OBJECTIVE:Adolescents and young adults born preterm have elevated blood pressure (BP). The objective of this study was to investigate if BP is elevated at 2.5 years of age after an extremely preterm birth (EXPT).METHODS:In a regional subset of the national population-based cohort Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study, BP at ...

A number of important health-related outcomes are directly related to a person's ability to maintain normal gait speed. We hypothesize that cellular telephones may be repurposed to measure this important behavior in a noninvasive, continuous, precise, and inexpensive manner. The purpose of this study was to determine if physical activity ...

Background/Objectives: Menarche, the first menstrual period, is influenced by many factors including socio-economic status and rural or urban dwelling. The aims of the study were to compare the age at menarche between rural and urban girls and evaluate the anthropometric indices at menarche. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of ...

Vowel production in two Mandarin-learning children was recorded from birth to 8 years old. The present study is the report of the 8th year. Major findings are: 1) Starting from 5 years of age, vowels with nasal endings show similar frequency as diphthongs. Girl subject used vowels with nasal endings ...

Abstract Accumulation of insoluble (i.e., aggregated, cross-linked) protein is proposed to be a major cause of aging of the budding yeast cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This may give rise to the Lansing effect-precocious aging of parthenogenetically propagated daughters from old mothers-and to the genomic instability observed in old cells.

Increasing age can influence the interaction of muscle fascicles and tendon during dynamic movements. The object of the present study was to examine occurrence and possible reasons for the age-specific behavior of fascicles and tendons and their interaction during hopping with different intensities. Nine young and 24 elderly subjects performed ...

Background: muscle strength is essential for physical functions and an indicator of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Among the factors associated with muscle strength loss with age, ethnicity has been shown to play an important role.Objective: to examine the patterns and correlates of muscle strength change with age in ...

Mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 gene (IDH1), most commonly resulting in replacement of arginine at position 132 by histidine (R132H), have been described in World Health Organization grade II and III diffuse gliomas and secondary glioblastoma. Immunohistochemistry using a mouse monoclonal antibody has a high specificity and sensitivity for detecting IDH1 ...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive candidate for autologous cell therapy but their ability to repair damaged myocardium is severely compromised with advanced age. Development of viable autologous cell therapy for treatment of heart failure in the elderly requires the need to address MSC aging. In the present study, ...

Mature, circulating erythrocytes undergo senescence, which limits their life span to approximately 120 d. Upon injury, erythrocytes may undergo suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, which may accelerate senescence and shorten their survival. Eryptosis is defined as cell shrinkage and exposure of phosphatidylserine at the cell surface. Triggers of eryptosis include oxidative ...

Alcohol consumption is associated with type 2 diabetes. However, the relationship between alcohol consumption and β-cell function is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between them. 675 Chinese men aged 20-75 years were recruited. The subjects were first classified into never drinkers, abstainers, light ...

Background/Aim: Recent data suggest that hsp27, a low-molecular-weight heat shock protein, exerts important cellular actions, including the modulation of oestrogen action. We investigated whether hsp27 was differentially expressed in placental samples from small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. Methods: This study was performed in an academic hospital. Samples of villous ...

The shape-directing role of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB, is reported to the green synthesis of Ag-nanoparticles for the first time using Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract. UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns were used to monitor the growth kinetics, morphology and crystalline nature of ...

Herein, we demonstrate a complex-precipitation strategy for high-yield fabrication of single-crystalline Ag(3)PO(4) sub-microcubes with sharp corners, edges, and smooth surfaces, which exhibit much higher photocatalytic activities and photoelectric conversion properties than spherical Ag(3)PO(4) particles and commercial N-doped TiO(2) under visible light irradiation.

OBJECTIVE:: Prior research has documented sociodemographic disparities in the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recent therapeutic developments and changing epidemiological profiles may have altered such disparities. We examine the extent to which sociodemographic differences in prescribed ART have changed between 2002 and 2008. METHODS:: We analyzed data abstracted from medical ...

Microglial activation is a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia respond to a range of stimuli including pathogenic protein deposits such as advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGEs are prominent inflammatory stimuli that accumulate in the ageing brain. AGEs can activate microglia, leading to the production of ...

There has been observed a trend to delay childbearing, reflecting couple's desire to have children at older ages. Maternal age is a well-known factor that influences the achievement of a pregnancy. In contrast, there are few studies examining the effect of paternal age on the outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies ...

We investigated chronological changes in immunohistochemical phenotyping in the thymus and spleen in Crl:CD rats up to the age of about one year. In the thymus, T cells increased markedly from 3 to 4 weeks of age. Proliferating cells also increased markedly at these points. B cells tended towards an ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes in children with cleft palate. METHODS: One hundred eight patients with cleft palate (CP) were investigated. Microscopic observation of the middle ears was performed periodically. If chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) was diagnosed at 1 year ...

BACKGROUND: Memory deficits lead to distortion when long recall periods are used to assess alcohol consumption. We used the recently developed Internet-based cell phone-optimised assessment technique (ICAT) to describe the drinking patterns of young people over the course of Thursday, Friday and Saturday evenings and to compare the amounts reported ...

We immunohistochemically examined the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen-activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) using venous thrombi developed by ligation of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in mice. The uPA-, tPA- and PAI-1-positive cells could be firstly detected 5, 7, and 3 days, respectively, after IVC ...

This study investigated in vivo the influence of age and vitamin D status on innate immune function in HC. Serum 25OHD was measured in 71 HC. TLR expression on various subpopulations of PBMCs, as well as TLR function by stimulating PBMCs with specific ligands, was assessed by flow cytometry. Circulating ...