We previously reported that in p53(+ / -) mice that had been given a whole-body dose of 3 Gy at 8 weeks of age, p53-dependent delayed effects of radiation, as manifested in T-cell receptor (TCR) variant fractions (VF) instability in mouse splenocytes, were biphasic, namely, induction of TCR-VF mutation reappeared ...

Abstract The increasing commercial use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) will inevitably lead to elevated silver exposure and thus to potential human health complications. In this study the acute toxicity of Ag-NPs < 20 nm alone and upon co-administration with food matrix component phenolic compounds (PCs) on the cell-based models of ...

Yusho disease, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) mixed poisoning caused by contaminated rice oil, occurred in Japan in 1968. The evidence on reproductive outcome is limited. We therefore evaluated the regional impact of the exposure to the PCB and PCDF mixture on stillbirth rate and secondary sex ...

As the production and applications of nano silver (nano Ag) increase, it is essential to characterize fate and effects in environmental systems. Nano Ag materials may settle from suspension, therefore, our objective was to utilize environmentally relevant bioassays and study the impact, bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, uptake and depuration of nano ...

Non-copulating (NC) males are those animals that do not mate in spite of repeated testing with sexually receptive females. They have been observed in several species including rats and mice. The present experiment was designed to perform a detailed behavioral characterization of NC male mice. Thus, we evaluated their sexual ...

The TLC-Ag dressings, a combination of technology lipido-colloid and silver salts, are used to promote healing in wounds with risks or signs of local infection, thanks to the antimicrobial properties of the silver salts. Nanocrystalline silver dressings containing nanocrystalline silver, also used to improve wound healing, present both antimicrobial and ...

Objective: Obesity-related immune mediated systemic inflammation was associated with the development of the metabolic syndrome by induction of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. The study aimed to assess whether this holds true across the lifespan from juvenility to adulthood. Design and Methods: We analyzed 527 participants aged between 10 and 65 years. ...

Epilepsy is a debilitating disease characterized by recurring seizures. Epilepsy can be studied using animal models, such as rodents prone to audiogenic seizure (AGS), which experience generalized seizures (loss of consciousness accompanied by rhythmic muscle spasms and rigid muscle stiffness) after intense sound stimulation. In 1933, a spontaneous mutation resulting ...

This study focuses on gender-specific accumulation features of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/DFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in common (great) cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) collected from Lake Biwa, Japan. Male cormorants showed a tendency to have higher levels of PCDD/DFs and DL-PCBs than did females. For PCDDs, the male-to-female concentration ...

BACKGROUND: Fall-related injuries and deaths of elderly people are a major public health concern. METHODS: Using the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland we determined the current trends in the number and age-adjusted incidence (per 100,000 persons) of fall-induced deaths among older Finnish men and women by taking into account all ...

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate with age in various tissues, and are further increased in patients with Diabetes mellitus, in which they are believed to contribute to the development and progression of chronic complications that include a decrease in bone quality. Bisphosphonates are anti-osteoporotic drugs that have been used for ...

Ageing is a process characterized by a progressive decline in cellular function, organismal fitness and increased risk of age-related diseases and death. Several hundred theories have attempted to explain this phenomenon. One of the most popular is the 'oxidative stress theory', originally termed the 'free radical theory'. The endocrine system ...

BACKGROUND: Syncope in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is without relationship with WPW or reveals a poorly tolerated arrhythmia. Electrophysiologic study (EPS) is recommended. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of the patient's age on the causes and prognosis of syncope. METHODS: A total of 98 patients, mean ...

In Tetranychus spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae), diapausing females have a conspicuous orange body colour, which is used as an indicator of diapause induction in many laboratory studies. However, to which extent body colour reflects reproductive activity is scarcely investigated. In this study, we investigated the relationship between body colour, reproductive ...

Induction of triploidy has been suggested as an effective tool to prevent spawning of farmed fish. This experiment examined the growth potential of triploid cod when reared communally with diploid ones after the juvenile stage. Pressure treatment was used to induce triploidy in a batch of cod eggs in April ...

The study investigated men's experiences of taking part in an age-appearance-focussed intervention which involved seeing how their faces would age with and without UV exposure. Thirty-five men gave accounts of their experiences whilst taking part in the intervention, and eight men discussed their experiences retrospectively in focus groups. Transcripts were ...

Mammalian cells attempt to maintain their homeostasis under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. If the stress cannot be alleviated, cells are led to apoptosis through C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) induction. ER stress is provoked in osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes, and intracellular accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in chondrocytes is a ...

AimThe aim of this article is to determine if lightning is associated with the frequency of headache in migraineurs.MethodsParticipants fulfilling diagnostic criteria for International Headache Society-defined migraine were recruited from sites located in Ohio (n = 23) and Missouri (n = 67). They recorded headache activity in a daily diary for three to six ...

Low birth weight (LBW) is thought to be one of the risk factors for the progression of kidney diseases. This study hypothesized that the onset age of kidney disease, the rate of progression of kidney disease, or the age at the time of hemodialysis (HD) induction among HD patients that ...

The effects of pre-pubertal castration on hippocampal CA3-CA1 synaptic transmission and plasticity were studied at different ages in vitro. The field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP); and population spikes (PS); were simultaneously recorded from stratum radiatum and stratum pylamidale of area CA1 following stimulation of Schaffer collaterals in slices taken from ...

In this preliminary study, the silver nanoparticle (Ag NP)-based dressing, Acticoat™ Flex 3, has been applied to a 3D fibroblast cell culture in vitro and to a real partial thickness burn patient. The in vitro results show that Ag NPs greatly reduce mitochondrial activity, while cellular staining techniques show that ...

Background/Study Context: No emotion-induction procedure is clearly recommended to assess the emotional reactivity in the elderly. This study aimed to validate an emotional reactivity procedure in healthy old patients. Methods: Nineteen healthy elders (age range: 66-91 years old) were compared with 19 education- and sex-matched young adults (age range: 20-33 ...

From the mid- to late 20th century, average birthweight increased in many countries, including the United States. However, more recent data now suggest that mean birthweight has begun to decline. The most recent US data indicate that in 2008, compared with 1990, about half as many babies were macrosomic at ...

Human exposure to lead is a substantial public health hazard worldwide and is particularly problematic in the Republic of South Africa given the country's late cessation of leaded petrol. Lead exposure is associated with a number of serious health issues and diseases including developmental and cognitive deficiency, hypertension and heart ...

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a severe neurological sequela that occursin individualswho have undergoneanesthesia and surgery, especially in the geriatric surgical population.Although it is known thatisoflurane exposure impairscognitive function in aged rodents, there are few clinicalinterventionsforthe prophylaxis and treatment ofthis disorder. Minocycline, a derivative of tetracycline, producesneuroprotectionfromseveral neurodegenerative diseases.Therefore,we set ...

SUMMARY We examined the impact of the neonatal hepatitis B immunization programme, first provided to all neonates born to mothers screened positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in late 1983, on the age-specific prevalence of HBsAg carriage in teenage mothers managed in 1998-2008. HBsAg carriage was found in 2·5%, ...

We analyzed whole genome-based transcriptional profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis subjected to prolonged hypoxia to guide the discovery of novel potential Ags, by a combined bioinformatic and empirical approach. We analyzed the fold induction of the 100 most highly induced genes at 7 d of hypoxia, as well as transcript abundance, ...

OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin may represent a predictive marker for assessing insulin resistance and reduced ß-cell function. Objective of the present study was to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis, proinsulin and other parameters in a random population-based sample. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study, conducted in south-western Germany. METHODS: Upper abdominal ultrasound examinations were ...

Aging population displays a much higher risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) possibly due to the higher susceptibility, poor prognosis and fewer therapeutic options. This study was designed to examine the impact of combined adipose-derived stromal cells (mADSCs) and sarpogrelate treatment on aging hindlimb ischemia and the mechanism of action ...

Abstract Manufactured metal (oxide) nanoparticles are entering the aquatic environment with little understanding on their potential health impacts for exposed organisms. Adopting an integrative approach, we investigated effects of particle size and coating on biological responses for two of the most commonly used metal (oxide) nanoscale particles, silver (Ag) and ...

Advancing age leads to significant decline in immune functions. IL-21 is produced primarily by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and is required for effective immune cell functions. Here we compared the induction of IL-21 in aged and young subjects. Our investigation demonstrates that CD4+T cells from healthy elderly individuals (age ...

Females of many tephritid fruit flies can mate more than once, and can store ejaculates from multiple males. As well as being an important element of reproductive biology, multiple mating by females is of particular relevance for sterile insect technique programs used to control major tephritid pests. Here we investigate ...

PURPOSE: Our aim was to characterize bi-exponential diffusion signal changes in normal appearing white matter of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. METHODS: Diffusion parameters were measured using mono-exponential (0-1000 s/mm(2)) and bi-exponential (0-5000 s/mm(2)) approaches from 14 relapsing-remitting subtype of MS patients and 14 age- and sex-matched controls after acquiring diffusion-weighted ...

Alterations in white matter (WM) may be seen in young relatives at risk and may underlie vulnerability to schizophrenia. We were interested in exploring which of the WM regions were altered in adolescent offspring at familial risk for schizophrenia. We examined structural alterations in the offspring of subjects with schizophrenia ...

ObjectiveVitamin D deficiency and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may be associated with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) levels and anti-EBV immunoreactivity in 25 individuals before the first clinical manifestation of MS.Patients and methods56 serum samples of 25 individuals who had donated blood prior ...

Abnormalities in structural and functional connectivity have been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) across a wide age range. However, developmental changes in white matter microstructure are poorly understood. We used a cross-sectional design to determine whether white matter abnormalities measured using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were present in adolescents ...

Obesity and decreased physical health are linked to deficits in several cognitive domains. The broad range of cognitive problems linked to obesity suggests a global mechanism that may interfere with multiple neural systems. We examined how variation in body mass index (BMI) is associated with the microstructural integrity of fiber ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent motor neuron disorder in adults. This fatal condition, due to degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in spinal and bulbar myotomes, leads to death from respiratory failure after median disease duration of 36 months. ALS is sporadic in more than 90% ...

The Multiple Chamber Aerosol Chemical Aging Study (MUCHACHAS) tested the hypothesis that hydroxyl radical (OH) aging significantly increases the concentration of first-generation biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA). OH is the dominant atmospheric oxidant, and MUCHACHAS employed environmental chambers of very different designs, using multiple OH sources to explore a range ...

Background: Glial tau pathology is seen in certain tauopathies and in ageing. We determined its frequency in ageing mesial temporal lobe and its relationship to other tau pathologies in the MRC-CFAS population-representative neuropathology cohort. Methods: Mesial temporal lobe, including hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex and white matter, was examined using immunohistochemistry ...

Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is one of the most serious pests of Brassicaceae crops worldwide. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of P. xylostella to green leaf volatiles (GLVs) alone or together with its female sex pheromone were investigated in laboratory and field. GLVs 1-hexanol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol elicited strong ...

This case series assesses white matter microstructure in 3 adolescents born preterm with nonshunted ventricular dilation secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage. Subjects (ages 12-17 years, gestational age 26-29 weeks, birth weight 825-1624 g) were compared to 3 full-term controls (13-17 years, 39-40 weeks, 3147-3345 g) and 3 adolescents born preterm without ...

This study described the housing tenure and residential density of elders from the six largest Asian American ethnic groups in the US: Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Asian Indian, and Vietnamese. These groups were compared to non-Hispanic White elders. Based on data from the 2000 US Census of Population, multilevel regression ...

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is associated with the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Using databases of hospital admissions for England (1999-2005), we investigated the female-to-male ratios (FMRs) for admission to hospital for IM and MS stratified by age. Males were more frequently admitted for IM for all age groups apart ...

Two pivotal, phase III, randomised, placebo-controlled, registration trials (MM-009 and MM-010) showed that lenalidomide plus dexamethasone was more effective than placebo plus dexamethasone in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. This pooled, retrospective subanalysis of MM-009 and MM-010 analysed outcomes according to patient age. A total ...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-intensive, community-based, lifestyle intervention program on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), in individuals at high risk for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In accordance with the FINDRISC score, 191 high-risk persons for T2D, 56.3±10.8 years ...

Background:It is unclear if all patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) ultimately develop progressive MS. Onset of progressive disease course seems to be age- rather than disease duration-dependent. Some forms of progressive MS (e.g. primary progressive MS (PPMS)) are uncommon in population-based studies. Ascertainment of patients with PPMS from clinic-based ...

BACKGROUND: The assessment of standing turning performance is proposed to predict fall risk in older adults. This study investigated differences in segmental coordination during a 360° standing turn task between older community-dwelling fallers and non-fallers. METHODS: Thirty-five older adults age mean (SD) of 71 (5.4) years performed 360° standing turns. ...

Background:Paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (pMS) is multiple sclerosis (MS) occurring before the age of 18 years and may present and develop differently from adult-onset MS (aMS). Whether there are also differences regarding the accrual of brain changes is largely unknown.Methods:We compared the evolution of the T2- and T1-lesion load (LL), the ...

BACKGROUND: Based on data available, Iran is located in a low risk area for multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of the current study is to determine the age and sex adjusted prevalence and incidence of MS in southeastern Iran. METHODS: This cross-sectional case register study was conducted from January to ...