OBJECTIVE:: To provide normative data for healthy middle-aged and elderly Brazilians' performance on the Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and to investigate the effects of age, sex, and schooling on test performance. BACKGROUND:: The ACE-R is a brief cognitive battery that assesses various aspects of cognition. Its 5 subdomains (Attention and ...

Purpose:  Epileptic spasms are seizures that occur predominantly in children and are characterized by clusters of brief axial movements. Epileptic spasms may occur in the context of a variety of syndromes. Previous research has found that epileptic spasms occur in a sleep/wake and diurnal rhythm. The purpose of this study ...

Praxis-induction of seizures is an interesting subset of reflex epilepsy in which seizures are induced by higher mental activities associated with the use of part of the body. Reflex traits have often been described in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. We report a patient presenting with praxis-induced myoclonic epilepsy at ...

PURPOSE: The prevalence and differences of idiopathic (genetic) generalized epilepsies (IGEs) with atypical age of onset compared to classical IGEs is a matter of debate. We tried to determine the clinical and EEG characteristics of IGEs in various age groups. METHODS: All patients with a clinical diagnosis of IGE were ...

OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether dementia incidence has changed over the last 2 decades. METHODS:We compared dementia incidence in 2 independent subcohorts of persons aged 60-90 years from the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study. The first subcohort started in 1990 (n = 5,727), the second in 2000 (n = 1,769). Participants ...

Unprecedented numbers of people are living to advanced old age. The consequences of striking and ongoing demographic changes are profound, including underfunded pension plans and threats to government programs like Social Security and Medicare. Today's policies and practices are not designed to account for such large numbers of people living ...

Level of adiposity is linked to manifest dementia and Alzheimer's disease in epidemiological studies. Overweight and obesity in mid- and late-life may increase risk for dementia, whereas decline in body weight or body mass index and underweight in years preceding and at the time of a dementia diagnosis may also ...

Objective: The purpose was to examine the inter-rater reliability of the Nottingham Neurological Driving Assessment.Participants: Six drivers with dementia (mean age 78 years, 5 men).Interventions: Participants were assessed for their safety to drive on a set route while being observed by two driving assessors, who were experienced in assessing safety ...

Toothbrushing-induced seizures are rare reflex seizures triggered by the brushing of one's own teeth. We encountered an 11-year-old girl with severe mental retardation, hypotonic cerebral palsy and epilepsy who presented with toothbrushing-induced seizures. She had had spontaneous brief tonic seizures several times a day since the age of 1year and ...

Treating persons with epilepsy (PWE) in developing countries may be different from elsewhere. Knowledge and attitudes of PWE are known to be associated with seizure control. This study aims to evaluate factors related with the knowledge and attitudes of PWE in northeastern Thailand. A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires and interviews ...

The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS) is a longitudinal epidemiologic investigation of rates, risk factors, and neuropathologic abnormalities associated with cognitive decline and dementia in aged Japanese-American men. The project was established in 1991 and will be brought to closure in 2012. Age-specific rates of total dementia and the major specific ...

Population-based longitudinal clinicopathological studies provide an ideal opportunity to study a variety of risk and protective factors in relation to pathology associated with dementia in individuals who are representative of the general population. The 90+ Study is a population-based study designed specifically to study aging and dementia as well as ...

Familial adult myoclonic epilepsy (FAME) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by a core triad of cortical tremor, multifocal myoclonus, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. To expand the phenotypic spectrum of FAME, to highlight diagnostic pointers to this underrecognized disorder, and to refine the FAME2 genetic locus. Observational family study. The ...

Objectives.Previous reports have found that lifelong bilingualism is associated with a delay in the onset of dementia, including Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (DAT). Because amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is often a transition stage between normal aging and DAT, our aim in this paper was to establish whether this ...

Since the description by Alois Alzheimer, more than 50 years have passed during which senile dementia and pre-senile dementia have been considered Alzheimer disease (AD) on the basis of their common neuropathological and clinical manifestations. AD now covers pre-senile dementia, senile dementia, mild cognitive impairment and pre-clinical AD, all of ...

Aims: We examine the dementia assessment with focus on age and gender differences. Methods: Data from the national quality database, Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), including 6,937 dementia patients diagnosed during 2007-2009 at memory clinics were used. We have studied the use of investigations for dementia diagnostics such as cognitive tests, ...

Background: With aging, there is a parallel increase in the prevalence of dementia worldwide. The aim of this work is to determine the prevalence of dementia among the population of Al Kharga District, New Valley, Egypt. Methods: Screening of all subjects aged ≥50 years (n = 8,173 out of 62,583 ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of human listeners in identifying epileptic seizures and seizure lateralisation from audified EEG signals. METHODS: EEG data from 17 temporal lobe epilepsy patients (9 male, 8 female; aged 23-55) was converted to audio format by 60× time compression. Using a subset of 19% of the ...

Background/Aims: The diagnostic criteria for dementia include reliable evidence of cognitive deterioration over time measured by cognitive tests. The Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Dementia of the Alzheimer Type, Multi-infarct Dementia and Dementia of other Etiology according to DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and ICD-10 (SIDAM) is a neuropsychological instrument to determine ...

Objective: In several longitudinal studies, light-to-moderate drinking of alcoholic beverages has been proposed as being protective against the development of age-related changes in cognitive function, predementia syndromes, and cognitive decline of degenerative (Alzheimer's disease, AD) or vascular origin (vascular dementia). However, contrasting findings also exist. Method: The English literature published ...

ABSTRACTBackground: Attitudes to aging have not previously been assessed in people with dementia. The possession of positive life attitudes into older age has the potential to induce resilience to health changes and may explain the discrepancy between self-reported and proxy ratings of quality of life (QoL). The aim of this ...

ABSTRACT: There are aspects of the ageing brain and cognition that remain poorly understood despite intensive efforts to understand how they are related. Cognitive reserve is the concept that has been developed to explain how it is that some elderly people with extensive neuropathology associated with dementia show little in ...

The goals of this article are to (a) establish the concurrent and clinical validity of the Global Deterioration scale in assessing cognitive functions and stages of dementia among centenarians, (b) identify the prevalence of all-cause dementia in representative samples of centenarians, and (c) demonstrate how variations in sample demographic characteristics ...

BACKGROUND: Weight loss in dementia contributes to morbidity and mortality but the distribution of anthropometric change and its consistency between populations are less clear. Our aim was to investigate and compare the associations of dementia with waist and upper arm circumference in elders from seven low- and middle-income nations. METHODS: ...

This report provides information to increase understanding of the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Topics addressed include incidence, prevalence, mortality rates, health expenditures and costs of care, and effect on caregivers and society. The report also explores issues that arise when people with AD and other dementias live ...

Background: There are limited data on the prevalence and causes of disability in the elderly general population in Japan.Methods: In a population-based cross-sectional study of 1550 Japanese aged 65 years or older, we examined the prevalence of functional disability (defined as a Barthel Index score of ≤95) and its causes.Results: ...

ABSTRACTBackground: Life expectancy with dementia directly influences rates of prevalence and service needs and is a common question posed by families and patients. As well as years of survival, it is useful to consider years of life lost after a diagnosis of dementia.Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature on mortality ...

ABSTRACTBackground: Clinical subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were assigned as potential prodromes to various types of dementia. Amnestic MCI (aMCI) is said to have a high likelihood of progressing to Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) subtypes are assumed to have a higher likelihood of progressing to non-AD ...

We have previously shown that the minicolumnar spacing of neurons in the cerebral cortex relates to cognitive ability, and that minicolumn thinning occurs in old age. The present study examines further the relationship between cognitive ability and cortical fine structure (minicolumn organization and neuropathology) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) ...

OBJECTIVES:Core CSF changes in Alzheimer disease (AD) are decreased amyloid β(1-42), increased total tau, and increased phospho-tau, probably indicating amyloid plaque accumulation, axonal degeneration, and tangle pathology, respectively. These biomarkers identify AD already at the predementia stage, but their diagnostic performance might be affected by age-dependent increase of AD-type brain ...

To determine correlations between age and metabolic disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This observational cross-sectional study included brief tests for dementia and the Mattis test. Signals of metabolic syndrome were evaluated. There was no significant effect from the presence of hypertension (OR=2.36 for patients under 65 years old and ...

Rapid demographic ageing is a growing public health issue in many low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a construct frequently used to define groups of people who may be at risk of developing dementia, crucial for targeting preventative interventions. However, little is known about the prevalence ...

Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and operational aspects of leprosy carriers. A cross-sectional study leprosy patients assisted in São Luis, MA, was performed. Of the 85 cases analyzed, 51.7% were male participants, and 60% were ...

Background and purpose:  Shortened telomere length has been considered to be associated with various age-related diseases, especially in dementia such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. However, changes in telomere length in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) remain unclear. To elucidate these changes, we set out to determine telomere length ...

Some researchers propose maternal Alzheimer disease (AD) inheritance. We compared dementia family histories in AD cases and cognitively normal controls. We expected more mothers to have AD in both groups. If maternal risk was not only due to female longevity, more AD cases' than controls' mothers should have dementia. We ...

Thrombolysis trials have recruited few patients aged ⩾80years, which has led to uncertainty about the likely risk-to-benefit profile in the elderly. Leukoaraiosis (LA) has been associated with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and increases with advanced age. We tested whether there were any independent associations between age, LA and HT. Consecutive patients ...

This study assessed the comparative effectiveness of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS) among patients ≥85 years of age. Despite an aging population, little is known about the comparative effectiveness of DES versus BMS among patients age ≥85 years undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We examined 471,006 PCI patients ...

We report that poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), a common stabilizer of colloidal dispersions of noble metal nanostructures, has a dramatic effect on their SERS activity and enables highly selective SERS detection of analytes of various type and charge. Nanostructures studied include PVP-stabilized Au-Ag nanoshells synthesized by galvanic exchange reaction of citrate-reduced ...

With the aging of the population, dementia is increasing worldwide. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for dementia in an elderly population utilizing a primary health care service in Dakar, Senegal. Through a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2004 to December 31, 2005, 507 elderly patients ...

Because of the increasing demand for raw cuts and processed products, there is a trend to producing very heavy broilers. Breeds that are used for such kinds of production have been intensively selected for growth rate and breast meat yield, and birds are reared for a longer period than standard ...

Amino groups in proteins can non-enzymatically react with reducing sugars to generate a structurally diverse group of compounds referred to as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The in vivo formation of AGEs contributes to some of the complications of diabetes including atherosclerosis, cataract formation, and renal failure. The formation of ...

Welding is a process in which two or more metals are attached by the use of heat and, in some cases, pressure. Direct exposure and inhalation of welding fumes causes acute and chronic side effects in humans. Kidney damage is one of these important side effects. β2 microglobulin is an ...

Bovine M. semimembranosus from different sexes of cattle were held at temperatures ranging from 0 to 35°C until rigor and aged for up to 9weeks. The waterholding capacity (WHC) of the beef increased with ageing as evidenced by the decline in drip loss measured gravimetrically, centrifugally and by pressure. Drip ...

BACKGROUND: Aiming at improving the use of echocardiography tests, the Appropriateness Criteria (AC) were created by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)/American College of Cardiology (ACC). OBJECTIVE: To compare the appropriateness profile of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) requests in accordance with the AC, between a public University Hospital (UH) and a ...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of fimasartan (BR-A-657), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, between healthy young (19 - 45 years) and older (≥ 65 years) male subjects. Methods: To assess the effect of age on PK and safety, fimasartan was administered ...

Background: Functional and morphological arterial wall impairment progresses with ageing. Angiotensin II in the arterial wall is involved in this process. Appropriate early intervention might theoretically slow the progress of age-related changes. Herein, we investigated a new approach to this issue: whether arterial wall changes present in middle-aged males could ...

The aim of the study was to describe anthropometric and physical characteristics of elite young road-race motorcyclists (MC). 27 riders (15.6±1.1 years, 54.6±6.9 kg, 166.9±6.7 cm) competing at international elite level participated in this study. Anthropometric variables, hand grip and lumbar isometric strength, and lower-body muscular strength were measured. Comparisons of the ...

BACKGROUND: The use of alcohol-based hand rub solutions (ABHRSs) in health care settings has been associated with increased hand hygiene compliance and reduced rates of nosocomial infection. Deterioration in hand skin condition leads to impaired barrier function, changes in skin flora, and increased bacterial shedding. Thus, poor skin condition can ...

This paper describes a promising method to synthesize supported metal catalysts based on a photochromic reaction. Highly dispersed Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean diameter of ca. 10 nm stabilized by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) were prepared as a colloidal precursor solution. The zeta electric potential was found to be negatively ...

The relationship between adaptive functioning and autism symptomatology was examined in 1,089 verbal youths with ASD examining results on Vineland-II, IQ, and measures of ASD severity. Strong positive relationships were found between Vineland subscales and IQ. Vineland Composite was negatively associated with age. IQ accounted a significant amount of the ...