: As the numbers and proportions of elderly people in the global population increase, quality of life (QOL) within this group becomes an important research issue. Undertaking cross-national comparisons of elderly people can provide a better understanding of QOL patterns. : This study examines QOL patterns using a harmonization data ...

Summary: Objective: To verify the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia according to sexual maturation stages and its association with overweight as well as excessive body fat in adolescents. Design: A school-based cross-sectional study was performed. Anemia was assessed by measuring the hemoglobin level (Hb). Nutritional status was defined by sex ...

Guatemala has the highest prevalence of stunting (54% of children under age 5 years) in the Americas and the fifth highest in the world. The aim of this study was to describe the stunting prevalence and the association with early feeding practices, morbidity patterns, and socioeconomic status (SES) in a ...

Export of organic carbon from surface waters of the Antarctic Zone of the Southern Ocean decreased during the last ice age, coinciding with declining atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentrations, signaling reduced exchange of CO(2) between the ocean interior and the atmosphere. In contrast, in the Subantarctic Zone, export production increased ...

Background  Metallic allergens such as nickel are among the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), but frequencies of contact dermatitis to these allergens may vary in different areas. Objectives  This study aimed to determine the frequencies of ACD caused by three common metallic allergens: nickel sulfate; potassium dichromate; ...

Hydrothermal stability is one of the challenges for practical application of Fe-ZSM-5 catalysts in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR) for diesel engines. The presence of NO2 in the exhaust gases can enhance the deNOx activity because of the fast SCR reaction. In this work, a Fe-ZSM-5 ...

Background:Studies regarding the role of iron on linear growth have yielded heterogeneous results. Some trials indicate that iron supplementation of iron-replete infants leads to slower-length gain. However, little is known of the relation between iron status and linear growth in school-age children.Methods:We quantified plasma ferritin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and ...

Background. Parasitic diseases (e.g., malaria and helminthiases) exert enormous burdens on public health and social wellbeing. Moreover, parasitic infections are important causes of anemia in tropical Africa, exacerbated by lack of diversified diet, inflammatory and genetic diseases. There is a paucity of longitudinal studies monitoring the dynamics of anemia in relation ...

Abstract Somatotyping is the quantification of human body shape, independent of body size. Hitherto, somatotyping (including the most popular method, the Heath-Carter system) has been based on subjective visual ratings, sometimes supported by surface anthropometry. This study used data derived from three-dimensional (3D) whole-body scans as inputs for cluster analysis ...

In this work we present a detailed study on the influence of surface modifications for luminescent silver (Ag) clusters. Ag clusters (25 atoms) capped with dihydrolipoic acid show a distinct absorbance spectrum with several sharp transitions, and relative broad deep red luminescence with a quantum yield of 5% combined with ...

This study examined whether three measures of the spatial distribution of registered sex offenders (RSOs) in September 2010 were associated with differences in county-level rates of recidivistic sex crime arrests over the following year in 52 upstate New York counties. Results indicate that RSO clustering was positively associated with modest ...

Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination survey for the years 2003-2010 were used (n = 1565) to evaluate the effect of age, parity, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, pregnancy, iron (Fe) storage status, smoking status, and fish/shellfish consumption on the levels of urine barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cesium (Cs), cobalt (Co), ...

Screening for β -thalassemia trait (BTT) relies on measuring hemoglobin (Hb) A2. Since multiple factors can affect HbA2 levels, the screening can become unreliable. In 1356 healthy Arabs enrolled into a federally funded premarital BTT screening program, the effects of iron deficiency (ID), α (+)-thalassemia trait, gender, smoking, and tribalism ...

Accumulation of non-heme iron in the brain has been proposed as a biomarker of the progressive neuroanatomical and cognitive declines in healthy adult aging. Postmortem studies indicate that iron content and lifespan differences therein are regionally specific, with a predilection for the basal ganglia. However, the reported in vivo estimates ...

Background: Cluster analyses were previously performed to identify asthma phenotypes underlying asthma syndrome. Although a large number of patients with asthma develop the disease later in life, these previous cluster analyses focused mainly patients with younger-onset asthma. Methods: Cluster analysis examined the existence of distinct phenotypes of late-onset asthma in ...

Globular star clusters that formed at the same cosmic time may have evolved rather differently from the dynamical point of view (because that evolution depends on the internal environment) through a variety of processes that tend progressively to segregate stars more massive than the average towards the cluster centre. Therefore ...

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world, but little is known about the iron status of people in Canada, where the last estimates are from 1970-1972. The data are from cycle 2 (2009 to 2011) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey, which collected blood samples from ...

PURPOSE: Knowledge on the normative growth of the spine is relevant in the prenatal detection of its abnormalities. This study describes the size of the ossification center of C1-S5 vertebral bodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using CT, digital-image analysis, and statistics, the size of the ossification center of C1-S5 vertebral bodies ...

To understand the role of chlorine in the stability and the observed fragmentation of Ag dendritic nanostructures, we have studied computationally two model systems using density functional theory. The first one relates to diffusion of Ag(n) and Ag(n)Cl(m) (n = 1-4) clusters on an Ag(111) surface, and the second demonstrates ...

Silver in a gold mine: A triple-decker Au(I) -Ag(I) ion cluster was synthesized by alternate alignment of cyclic trinuclear Au(I) complexes and Ag(I) ions within a self-assembled cage. The box-shaped cavity of the cage is suitable not only for limiting the cluster number, but also for the stabilization of weakly ...

Objectives. We evaluated an education, distribution, and fitting program for increasing age-appropriate and correct child restraint use. Methods. We performed a cluster randomized trial involving 28 early childhood education centers in low socioeconomic status areas in Sydney, Australia. The main outcome was optimal restraint use defined as age-appropriate restraints, installed ...

Well-defined Ag(5) and Ag(6) dodecanethiol/tetrabutyl ammonium-protected clusters were prepared by a one-pot electrochemical method. Ag clusters show bright and photostable emissions. The presence of a dual capping renders the silver clusters soluble in both organic and aqueous solvents.

CONTEXT The presence of autistic-like traits in relatives of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is well recognized, but, to our knowledge, the emergence of these traits early in development has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the emergence of autistic-like traits in unaffected (no ASD diagnosis) infant siblings ...

Fe(x)Ag(100-x) granular thin films, 25 < or = x < or = 40, have been prepared by DC-Magnetron sputtering deposition. These samples are composed of small Fe nanoparticles (2.5-3 nm) embedded in an Ag matrix, and their size remains nearly constant with increasing Fe content. A crossover in the collective ...

Aplastic anemia is a well-recognized form of marrow failure. The incidence of aplastic anemia is subjected to wide variation. Most cases are acquired and immune-mediated but there are also inherited forms. The study was conducted to assess the magnitude of the problem, morphological changes and determinants of aplastic anemia in ...

Bayon et al. (Reports, 9 March 2012, p. 1219) claim that the "rainforest crisis" in Central Africa centered around 2500 years before the present "was not triggered by natural climatic factors" and that it was caused by widespread deforestation resulting from the arrival of the Bantu colonists. However, there is ...

Bayon et al. (Reports, 9 March 2012, p. 1219) interpreted unusually high aluminum-potassium ratio values in an Atlantic sediment core as indicating anthropogenic deforestation around 2500 years before the present (B.P.). We argue that there is no terrestrial evidence for forest destruction by humans and that the third millennium B.P. ...

OBJECTIVE:: To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among a group of female athletes and compare with an age-matched group of female nonathletes. To study lifestyle factors that could play a role in the development of ID and IDA and compare these factors between ...

Background Nickel is a frequently detected cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Ingestion of nickel may lead to flares of nickel contact dermatitis. Methods We examined nickel excretion in the urine of 164 female patients with and without nickel contact dermatitis. The associations between age, atopic dermatitis, nickel contact dermatitis and ...

Ankle-foot orthoses are the standard of care for foot drop in cerebral palsy (CP), but may overly constrain ankle movement and limit function in those with mild CP. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) may be a less restrictive and more effective alternative, but has rarely been used in CP. The primary ...

Background: The prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) is approximately 10% in Western Europe, but unknown in Georgia. This pilot study aimed to assess RLS prevalence in a focused Georgian population. Methods: An RLS epidemiological questionnaire [Allen et al.: Sleep Med 2003;4:101-119] was filled out by patients in five primary ...

Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the pathological effects of aging and extends the lifespan in many species, including nonhuman primates, although the effect on the brain is less well characterized. We used two common indicators of aging, motor performance speed and brain iron deposition measured in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, ...

OBJECTIVE: The pharmacokinetics of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) were evaluated in healthy human adult volunteers (15 male and 15 female) following oral and intravenous administration of a mixed micelles formulation (Konakion® MM 2 mg) in an open label study design. The subjects were allocated to one of three genotype-specific groups (n = 10 in ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To quantify trends in the use of smokeless tobacco in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal analysis of national population database. METHODS: The National Health Interview Surveys for 2000, 2005, and 2010 were analyzed for adult responses to specific questions regarding smokeless tobacco use, which includes chewing tobacco and ...

Objective Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are increasingly used by adolescents. The aim of this review is to investigate the evidence regarding COCs' influence on weight, height and bone mineral density (BMD) in girls younger than 18 years. Method Systematic literature search using PubMed/Medline and Scopus (January 1990-February 2012) on COCs ...

Abstract Objective. The aim was to investigate cephalometric changes after 5 years of wearing complete dentures (CDs) and to asses a possible relationship between changes in cephalometric parameters and patients' oral health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL). Materials and methods. New complete maxillary and mandibular dentures were fabricated for 30 participants. Two lateral ...

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare disease characterized by postnatal heterotopic ossification (HO). When HO affects the masticatory muscles, mouth opening becomes restricted. This paper presents the changes in facial morphology and occlusion of a patient with FOP who was followed from the age of 8 to age 21. ...

The purpose of the authors in this study was to determine if the proportionality of peers who believe other youth are having oral sex or vaginal/anal intercourse influence the youth's intention to also have oral sex or vaginal/anal intercourse in the next three months. The results supported the hypothesis that ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the oral soft-tissue injuries in people aged 60 or older. METHODS: Cross-sectional research conducted with 262 elders aged 60-93 years (mean 69.84, SD ± 6.212) from the Dende community in Northeast, Brazil. Data were collected through an identification questionnaire and the Community Indicator in Oral Health. Data were computed by ...

Oral Diseases (2012) Objective:  In the last two decades, the use of mobile phones has increased enormously all over the world. The controversy regarding whether radiofrequency (RF) fields exert effects upon biological systems is a concern for the general population. An evaluation is made of DNA damage and cytokinetic defects, ...

Previous studies suggest that children with egg allergy may be able to tolerate baked egg. Reliable predictors of a successful baked egg challenge are not well established. We examined egg white-specific IgE levels, skin-prick test (SPT) results, and age as predictors of baked egg oral food challenge (OFC) outcomes. We ...

Oral Diseases (2012) Objectives:  To characterize the global composition of oral fungal populations in frail elderly adults and to investigate the relationship with their health status. Materials and methods:  We investigated the fungal populations on the tongue dorsum in 291 institutionalized elderly adults by molecular PCR-based techniques using internal transcribed ...

Oral Diseases (2012) Objective:  Poor oral health has previously been related to high body mass index (BMI). We aimed at exploring the link between BMI and several oral health markers, after adjustment for dietary patterns and plasma insulin, both of which could act as mediators. Subjects and Methods:  Dental examination ...

Purpose: The purpose of the studies performed was an attempt to establish a potential relationship between total antioxidant status of unstimulated whole saliva, patients' ages, oral hygiene status and dental caries.Material and methods: The study involved 120 non-smokers. Mean age of the study subjects was 18.40±1.74 years. Clinical examination was ...

The purpose of this article was to trace the historical origin of the inserted cannula during tracheotomy. Tracheotomy is mentioned in most ancient medical texts, but the origin of cannula insertion into the windpipe is unclear. We reviewed the incunabula and Renaissance texts reporting the utilization of surgical cannulas and ...

RATIONALE: This study investigated the oral contribution to exhaled NO in young people with asthma and its potential effects on estimated alveolar NO (Calv(NO) ), a proposed marker of inflammation in peripheral airways. Secondary aims were to investigate the effects of various exhalation flow-rates and the feasibility of different proposed ...

ABSTRACT: Intestinal immune regulation including development of oral tolerance is of great importance for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Concerning this, regulatory T cells (Tregs) occupy a pivotal role in cell-mediated immunosuppression. Dysregulation of mucosal immunology leading to an abnormal interaction with commensal bacteria is suggested to play a key ...

To identify similar patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in sixth-grade girls using cluster analysis; to determine which clusters of girls were associated with greater daily minutes of objectively measured PA; and to examine whether girls in these clusters experienced change in PA from sixth to eighth grade. ...

Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous disease that is relatively common among adult population. LP can present as skin and oral lesions. This study highlights the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral, skin, ...

Objective: To determine the frequency of HPV in eaters of Gutka (betel, areca, lime and tobacco concoction), presenting with oral lesions. Study Design: A descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Ziauddin University Research Laboratory, from February to July 2010. Methodology: Subjects munching Gutka fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Samples were ...