We conducted a prospective follow-up MRI study of originally asymptomatic healthy subjects to clarify the development of Modic changes in the cervical spine over a ten-year period and to identify related factors. Previously, 497 asymptomatic healthy volunteers with no history of cervical trauma or surgery underwent MRI. Of these, 223 ...

BACKGROUND: The National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme was established to decrease the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in England. METHODS: To identify socioeconomic and general practice factors associated with cervical screening coverage in England, a national cross-sectional study was conducted using data on 26 497 476 female patients ...

The goal of this work was to explore age-dependent differences in cervical artery dissection (CeAD). This study is based on the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients population comprising 983 consecutive CeAD patients and 658 control patients with a non-CeAD ischemic stroke (IS), frequency-matched for age and gender. Patients ...

Assessments of skeletal maturation (ASM) are used by clinicians to optimize treatments for each patient. This study examines the interrelationship between and limitations of hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae maturation methods in adolescent patients. Radiographs (hand-wrist and lateral cephalometric) were obtained from patients (n=62, 11 to 17 years of age) at ...

Objectives.  Prior to performing a cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (CIESI), knowledge of the depth from lamina to epidural space may assist in preventing cord injury. Methods.  This is a prospective analysis of data including gender, age, weight, height, previous surgery, neck circumference, distances from tip of chin to sternal ...

The identification of the skeletal maturation stage of the cervical vertebrae has proven an important reference for orthodontic diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between the skeletal maturation stage of the cervical vertebrae and types of malocclusion according to the age and gender of ...

The identification of the skeletal maturation stage of the cervical vertebrae has proven an important reference for orthodontic diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between the skeletal maturation stage of the cervical vertebrae and types of malocclusion according to the age and gender of ...

West CR, Campbell IG, Romer LM. Assessment of pulmonary restriction in cervical spinal cord injury: a preliminary report. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of pulmonary restriction on the basis of a vital capacity (VC) below the lower limit of normal (LLN) and a normal or high forced expiratory volume in ...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to establish radiographic standard values for cervical spine morphometry, alignment, and range of motion (ROM) in both male and female in each decade of life between the 3rd and 8th and to elucidate these age-related changes. METHODS: A total of 1,230 asymptomatic volunteers underwent anteroposterior (AP), ...

The accuracy and repeatability of computer aided cervical vertebra landmarking (CACVL) were investigated in cephalogram. 120 adolescents (60 boys, 60 girls) aged from 9.1 to 17.2 years old were randomly selected. Twenty-seven landmarks from the second to fifth cervical vertebrae on the lateral cephalogram were identified. In this study, the ...

CD38 (EC 3.2.2.6, NAD(+)-glycohydrolase) is a multifunctional enzyme catalyzing the synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP-ribose from NAD(+) to ADP-ribose. The loss of CD38 function is associated with impaired immune responses, metabolic disturbances, and behavioral modifications. Notably, it has been linked to HIV infection, leukemias, myelomas, solid tumors, Type II ...

Introduction: Skeletal age had been assessed by comparison between maturation of hand-wrist with stages of cervical vertebrae or canine calcification stages in past and this had been closely related to craniofacial growth. The importance of pubertal growth spurt in various types of orthodontic therapies is already established. Aims and Objectives: ...

Age-related regression of the thymus is associated with a decline in naïve T cell output which is thought to contribute to the reduction in T cell diversity in older individuals that is partially responsible for an increase in susceptibility and severity of infections, cancers and autoimmune diseases. Thymic involution is ...

In several mammalian species, lactating females show blunted neural, hormonal, and behavioral responses to stressors. It is not known whether new fathers also show stress hyporesponsiveness in species in which males provide infant care. To test this possibility, we determined the effects of male and female reproductive status on stress ...

Happiness is a key ingredient of well-being. It is thus reasonable to expect that valuing happiness will have beneficial outcomes. We argue that this may not always be the case. Instead, valuing happiness could be self-defeating, because the more people value happiness, the more likely they will feel disappointed. This ...

According to the Trivers-Willard hypothesis the secondary sex ratio (SSR, the ratio of male to female newborns [M/F]) should be positively related to the parents' living conditions. This also means that if in some population parents experience environmental (e.g. economic) stress, the SSR should be relatively low. If this holds ...

Chronic stress is implicated in diseases which differentially affect men and women. This study investigated how the activation of neuronal subpopulations contributes to changes in neuroendocrine regulation that predispose members of each sex to stress-related health challenges. Adult male and female rats were restrained in single (acute) or 14 consecutive ...

Stress leads to changes in homeostasis and internal balance of the body and is known to be one of important factors in the development of several diseases. In the present study, we investigated changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) immunoreactivity in the adult and ...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of job stress among secondary school teachers using Karasek Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), the association between salivary cortisol, salivary IgA, and sociodemographic characteristics, and the association between log cortisol, IgA levels, and job strain categories. A cross-sectional study was undertaken ...

There has been significant controversy whether stressful life events (SLEs) experienced over the lifespan may elevate the risk of depression in individuals who are homozygous for the short (S) allele of the repeat length polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the regulatory region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), compared with individuals homozygous ...

Abstract Objectives. Several studies have suggested that subjectively reported physical activity is associated with favorable apolipoproteins and apoB/apoA-I ratio but this association has not been studied much in elderly, and seldom with objective methods. The specific aim of the current study was to increase our understanding of the association between ...

Recent studies have posited that the pattern of glucocorticoid secretion within an individual represents a stable, fixed physiological trait. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the repeatability of baseline and stress-induced corticosterone (CORT) secretion across developmental stages and years in Florida scrub-jays. We sampled individuals from multiple cohorts repeatedly from ...

Background:  Increasing admissions to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) demand early discharge from the units. Our hospital aims to early discharge patients who meet the following requirements: they are able to regulate body temperature; neither apnea nor bradycardia is observed; and bodyweight increases with lactation. We studied the real state ...

Purpose: This study explored the relationship between migrant farmworker (MFW) stress and salivary cortisol (sC) in a sample of MFWs prior to migration. Sample: The sample, 40 (N = 14 male, 26 female) adult MFWs residing in the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, primarily comprised middle-aged immigrants with a ...

An accurate prenatal assessment of the patients' severity is essential for the optimal treatment of individuals with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The purpose of this study was to clarify the reliability of the lung to thorax transverse area ratio (L/T) as a prenatal predictive parameter. A multicenter retrospective cohort study ...

Autism is dramatically increasing in incidence and is now considered an epidemic. There are no objective means to diagnose the disorder. Diagnosis is made subjectively, based on the perceived behavior of the subject. This review presents an approach toward development of an objective measure of autism. Covering the literature from ...

This study aimed to examine the factors related to work ability among small and medium enterprise (SME) workers in Thailand. The subjects consisted of 845 males and 1,163 females. They were interviewed regarding personal information, working conditions, health status, job stress and work ability. Their blood pressure, body weight and ...

Although there are over one million farmworkers in the United States, little is known about intimate partner violence (IPV) among this population. Given the particular demands of agricultural labor, however, farmworkers and their partners are highly susceptible to a host of occupation-specific stressors that may result in relationship conflict, and ...

Purpose: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP) are commonly used to assess body composition. Accurate body fat measures are valuable in a variety of populations. Because DXA, the reference standard, is expensive and labour-intensive, determining whether these two methods are interchangeable is important. Methods: Forty-five female ...

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 102 cases having clinical manifestation of psoriasis with a view to evaluate the epidemiological determinants of psoriasis. Psoriasis constituted 1.49% of the total dermatological disorder. Seventy patients (68.6%) were males and thirty two (31.4%) were females with a male to female ratio of 2.18:1. ...

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the factors which may be associated with the metabolic syndrome by exploring the relationship between psychosocial stress, age, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), lifestyle factors, and the components of the metabolic syndrome, such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood ...

The present study is an effort to obtain preliminary data to assess the validity of the long-standing claim that the rate of seclusion and restraint is higher among deaf and hard of hearing individuals than among hearing individuals. This difference has been claimed repeatedly despite there being no research to ...

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is becoming an important public health problem because of its frequency and adverse health consequences. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for OSA in a cohort of subjects working for the french Army. This prospective study ...

D-ribose, an important reducing monosaccharide, is highly active in the glycation of proteins, and results in the rapid production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro. However, whether D-ribose participates in glycation and leads to production of AGEs in vivo still requires investigation. Here we treated cultured cells and ...

BACKGROUND: Research on the relation of stress to alcohol consumption is inconsistent regarding the direction of effects, and this association has been shown to vary by sex and type of stress. We sought to build upon the stress-drinking literature by examining the direction of the stress-drinking association over time as ...

A cold stress applied to young flies can have positive effects on longevity, behavioral aging, and resistance to heat and infection. However, the same mild stress, if applied at older ages, i.e. in frailer flies, could be a strong stress with negative effects. Cold stress was applied at various ages ...

Stress and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) have been independently linked to increases in abdominal fat depots. This cross-sectional study examined the CAR as a moderator of the association between stress, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) in a sample (N = 23) of female peripubertal ...

To evaluate the work stress related physiological responses in professional male bus drivers in Lahore (Pakistan) (ages: 32–39 years) and comparable age and sex matched controls. Responses of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis determined by morning cortisol and cardiovascular changes assessed by blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and body mass indexes ...

Early atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been reported in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Oxidative stress is an accepted risk factor for the development of CVD. To evaluate the association between oxidative stress markers [ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status ...

Ultrasound assessment of gestational length is based on the assumption that fetuses of the same gestational age have equal size at the time of investigation. However, there are detectable sex differences in fetal size by the end of the first trimester. We examined whether ultrasound dating introduces sex differences in ...

This study aims to determine the development and morphology of the patella and patellar tendon and to obtain morphometric data about these structures during the fetal period. One hundred five human fetuses (55 males and 50 females) aged 9-40 weeks were used in this study. Fetuses were divided into four ...

Purpose: In fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), lung development can be measured by the lung-to-head ratio (LHR) using ultrasound as well as by lung volumetry determined by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to investigate their relationship as well as to analyze the factors that may have ...

To validate a new symphysis-fundal curve for screening fetal growth deviations and to compare its performance with the standard curve adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Observational study including a total of 753 low-risk pregnant women with gestational age above 27 weeks between March to October 2006 in the ...

To evaluate renal pelvis diameters in human fetuses, to establish normative patterns of their growth and size during the second gestational trimester. We studied 140 kidneys (70 fetuses; 38 male, 32 female) ranging in age from 12-25 weeks' postconception. The renal pelvis was dissected and the transverse and longitudinal diameters ...

OBJECTIVE: Umbilical cord acid-base analysis is fundamental for assessing intrapartum hypoxia. The accuracy of arterial umbilical cord blood lactate, pH and base deficit to reflect a low 5-minute Apgar score and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) stage 2-3 was assessed, and new gestational age-adjusted reference standards were compared with traditional stationary ...

High birth weight is associated with overweight later in life, while tobacco exposure in utero is associated with low birth weight, but with later risk of overweight. To examine whether body mass index (BMI) z-scores of children at age 5 are associated with measurements of mid-abdominal diameter (MAD) in utero ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of covariates in identifying birth records with implausible values of gestational age. Birthweight distributions for births with early reported gestational ages are markedly bimodal, suggesting a mixture of two distributions. Most births form a normal-shaped left-hand (primary) distribution and a ...

Owl monkeys are New World primates frequently used in biomedical research. Despite the historical difficulty of breeding owl monkeys in captivity, several productive owl monkey breeding colonies exist currently. The animals in the colony we describe here are not timed-pregnant, and determination of gestational age is an important factor in ...

The few available studies on fetal age estimation concern very small samples, and statistical analysis is sometimes inadequate. In this survey, we used germs of deciduous teeth to estimate fetal age. Forty-nine fetuses and 40 mandibles were scanned, and observations and measurements were made on DentaScan images. After checking their ...

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) and gestational age of male and female fetus in women under low-risk prenatal care between the 13th and 40th week of gestation. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 184 pregnant women, at the ...