AIM: To report the case of a patient with bilateral anterior granulomatous keratouveitis and sunset glow fundus. METHOD: Review of case record. RESULTS: A 15-year-old patient had bilateral anterior granulomatous keratouveitis and sunset glow fundus similar to findings in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH). However, the patient also suffered additional autoimmune disease ...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the direct stimulation of thyroid tissue in the absence of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin after exposure to epoprostenol. METHODS: Seronegative thyrotoxicosis, diffuse goiter, and homogeneous uptake on thyroid scintigraphy were noted in a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) being treated with intravenously administered epoprostenol (prostaglandin I2 or PGI2). ...

Ectopic thymic tissue within the thyroid gland is rare. Patients with a complex of myxomas, spotty skin pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity, collectively known as Carney complex (CNC), have a predisposition towards the development of thyroid abnormalities, but there are no reports of thymic defects in CNC. We present the case ...

Individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) are prone to develop autoimmune conditions such as coeliac disease (CD), thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The objective of the present study was to examine TS of various karyotypes for autoantibodies and corresponding diseases. This was investigated in a prospective cross-sectional study of Danish ...

CONTEXT: Early prophylactic thyroidectomy in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2 offers the best chance for a normal life expectancy. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of thyroidectomy performed during the first year of life in six patients with MEN 2A (codon 634) or MEN 2B (codon 918) syndrome. ...

BACKGROUND: Concomitant thyroid nodules are the most common reason for false-positive ultrasonography (US) results in primary hyperparathyroidism. The aims of this prospective clinical study were to evaluate false-positive US results according to the characteristics of concomitant thyroid nodules and to determine which characteristics of thyroid nodules are important. STUDY DESIGN: ...

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the serial evolution of regenerative nodules in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) treated with portal-systemic shunts, using multiphasic multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients each underwent three MDCT exams over an extended period ranging from 36 to 42 months. Two radiologists ...

In Italy, only one study was conducted on the detection of serum thyroid autoantibodies (ATA) in patients with urticaria. This northern-Italy study reported a 23% rate of ATA positiveness in 52 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). During the years 1998-2006, 688 patients with urticaria were hospitalized at our Division ...

AIM: To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous thyroid dysfunction. METHODS: We performed a follow-up of thyroid function and detection of thyroid antibodies in 301 patients treated for ...

CONTEXT: Because angiogenesis has a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions, we studied angiogenesis soluble markers in autoimmune thyroid diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to measure concentrations of angiopoietins, Tie-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in sera from autoimmune thyroid disease patients. DESIGN: Soluble Tie-2 (sTie-2), ...

INTRODUCTION: Amiodarone (AM) is frequently used in the therapy of patients with cardiac disorders. However, due to high iodine content, it has side effects on thyroid function. The use of radioiodine therapy (RIT) in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) with low radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) is still controversial. In these patients therapeutic ...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between caries etiological factors and occurrence of severe caries among adults in Kuwait. METHODS: Forty-two adult patients with severe caries, attending Kuwait polyclinics, were compared with 36 caries-free subjects in a cross-sectional study. The patients with severe caries were aged 16 years or older and ...

Measurements of thyroglobulin (Tg) levels 72 h after administration of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) are recommended by the manufacturer in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). In our department, Tg measurements are performed both 24 h and 72 h after administration of rhTSH, together with 72 h ...

A 73-year-old man presented with features of acute abdomen 2 days following evacuation of a subdural haematoma. CT scan demonstrated significant free fluid in the peritoneal cavity as well as an extensive abnormal area in the upper retroperitoneum. There was no obvious free gas or leak of contrast. As there ...

OBJECTIVE: To gain an insight into risk factors for hypothyroidism after subacute thyroiditis (SAT), we examined the correlation between initial laboratory and ultrasonographic findings and sequential thyroid dysfunction among treatment modalities. PATIENTS: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 252 patients (26 men and 226 women) with SAT who consecutively ...

Preoperative excess iodide administration for patients with Graves' disease has been widely adopted by surgeons to perform surgery safely, because it decreases blood flow in the thyroid. However, surgeons often encounter the enlargement of thyroid volume after iodide administration, which makes surgery even more difficult. In this study, we retrospectively ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency and type of thyroid dysfunction in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD); and to establish the accuracy of the presence of goiter to identify patients with CRF and thyroid dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study ...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the incidence of unexpected pathological findings observed during the histopathological examination of the neck dissection specimens performed for primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and their impacts on the treatment and follow-up plans. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 410 patients (369 males, 41 ...

Hashimoto's Encephalopathy is an unusual condition associated with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. This immune-mediated, steroid-dependent entity was first described thirty years ago. In this case report, we discuss the importance of considering this diagnosis in the evaluation of confusion. The patient is a 55-year-old African-American woman residing in United States, who was ...

BACKGROUND: Thyroid nodules are relatively rare in children and adolescents and have a prevalence between 0.2%-1.8%. They are more often malignant in children than in adults and thus an early diagnosis is extremely important. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to analyze the group of pediatric patients with nodular ...

BACKGROUND: To examine the prevalence of significant interference from heterophile antibodies (HAb) in the measurement of serum thyroglobulin (Tg), we evaluated a large cohort of samples from patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). METHODS: Serum Tg measurements were performed in 406 serum samples before and after incubation of each serum ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate follow-up results in terms of patient prognosis for malignant pulmonary nodules depicted as pure ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesion observed at high-resolution CT (HRCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgical removal for malignant GGO nodules was accomplished in 58 patients (26 men, 32 women; mean age, ...

The purpose of this report was to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in preoperative preparation of patients with thyrotoxicosis scheduled for either thyroid or nonthyroid surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 11 patients with thyrotoxicosis and those who prepared surgery with plasmapheresis between 1999 and 2008 at our institution. ...

BACKGROUND: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a chromosomal instability disorder with a very high risk of developing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), most notably after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: In the current study, the authors reported 13 cases of HNSCC in FA patients who underwent HSCT at ...

CONTEXT: The prognosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) in children and adolescents is not well known and studies reporting long-term outcome of the disease are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess the thyroid hormone status during long-term follow-up and to establish the prognosis of children and adolescents with HT. PATIENTS: One hundred and ...

OBJECTIVE: The type 2 deiodinase (D2)-Thr92Ala polymorphism has been associated with decreased D2 activity in some in vitro experiments but not in others. So far no association between the D2-Thr92Ala polymorphism and serum thyroid hormone levels has been observed in humans, but in a recent study in athyroid patients, it ...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effects of long-term carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate acid (VPA) therapy on thyroid function in epileptic children. DESIGN: A prospective study performed in 32 newly diagnosed pediatric patients, subdivided into two groups: 18 patients treated with CBZ and 14 patients treated with VPA. Thirty-two sex- and ...

OBJECTIVE: To report on a patient with Hashimoto's encephalopathy induced by lithium. PATIENT AND INTERVENTIONS: A 61-year-old woman with a type II bipolar disorder and a history of lithium-induced thyrotoxicosis associated with silent thyroiditis was hospitalized to treat a severe major depressive episode. Given long-term treatment with levothyroxine for hypothyroidism ...

BACKGROUND: Hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease is caused by autoantibodies to the TSH receptor (TSHR), and measurement of the TSHR autoantibody (TRAb) yields important information to diagnose and decide on the course of treatment of Graves' disease. We evaluated basic and clinical performance of a new, rapid, and fully automated electrochemiluminescence ...

OBJECTIVES: Owing to ineffective iodine removal, radioiodine dose reduction was recommended in thyroid cancer patients with chronic renal failure. In this study, the radioiodine biodistribution pattern on posttherapy scans in patients with normal renal function and those with chronic renal failure is outlined. METHODS: This study included 10 thyroid cancer ...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis (RLNP) occurs in patients with thyroid malignancy. This study prospectively evaluated vocal function and management outcomes of patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and RLNP. METHODS: Of 319 PTC patients, 256 underwent total thyroidectomy with or without neck dissection, 42 underwent lobectomy, and 21 underwent ...

BACKGROUND: Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) stimulation by recombinant human TSH (rhTSH), in combination with neck ultrasonography (US), is an important tool in the first follow-up of differentiated epithelial cell thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients. The objective of this study was to investigate if a second rhTSH stimulation, performed 2-3 years later, is ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety, adverse effects, and radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) using a range of doses in patients with multinodular goiters. METHODS: In this open-label study conducted between June 2002 and December 2004, euthyroid patients with small nontoxic multinodular goiters and normal thyrotropin concentrations ...

Early diagnosis and therapy of Pulmonary hypertension in COPD patients may help in retardation of progression and amelioration of symptoms. This is an attempt to diagnose the disease from X-ray chest of COPD patients, so that invasive investigations can be avoided. (1) Measurement of transhilar diameter in Chest X-ray PA ...

Several aspects of thyroid dysfunction have not been fully characterized in large series of male patients. Our aim was to investigate the etiology and clinical features of hypothyroidism and assess the adequacy of replacement therapy in men attending an endocrinology clinic. We studied a group of 260 men (mean (+/-standard ...

BACKGROUND: The study was designed to examine the value of post-operative and post-ablative serum thyroglobulin levels and diagnostic whole body scan in predicting remission in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: Serum TG levels and diagnostic iodine-123 whole body scans performed prior to and 6-12 months after 131I ablation for ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of gallium-67 ((67)Ga)-citrate thyroid uptake with the presence of thyroid disorders in patients with sarcoidosis (S patients). METHODS: Eighty-four S patients were evaluated by a complete thyroid work-up (neck ultrasound, circulating thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid antibodies, fine-needle aspiration). RESULTS: In S patients with (67)Ga thyroid ...

BACKGROUND: Thyrotoxicosis is often diagnosed in an outpatient setting. The most common symptoms include irritability, heat intolerance, palpitations and weakness. Sometimes, however, thyrotoxicosis is first diagnosed in the hospital setting. The prevalent symptoms in hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis have not been fully characterized. AIM: To determine the clinical ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of patients who suffer from hypokalemic periodic paralysis, as the presenting symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective review of 29 patients who presented with the syndrome of hypokalemic periodic paralysis as the symptom of thyrotoxicosis at Ratchaburi Hospital between January 1,1995 and ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy and the clinical impact of scintigraphy combined with ultrasonography (USG) in the management of thyroid and parathyroid disorders in a large series of patients. METHODS: A total of 387 consecutive patients referred to the Nuclear Medicine Department of ...

A young female patient suffering from Graves' disease is presented, who raised some diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas after being diagnosed with subclinical hyperthyroidism following total thyroidectomy. This 20-year-old female patient, carrier of HLA B8 DR3 genes, was referred to our hospital for total thyroidectomy after developing severe leukopenia on both ...

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical value of paratracheal lymph nodes (PLNs) as a novel sonographic finding in autoimmune thyroiditis (AT). METHODS: A total of 309 consecutive patients underwent sonographic examinations of the thyroid between 1998 and 2003. A single radiologist assessed the sonographic findings of AT and PLNs. All patients ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to review the diagnostic performance of sentinel node (SN) detection for assessment of the nodal status in thyroid carcinoma patients and to determine the technique (using blue dye or Technetium-99m colloid (99mTc) that demonstrated the highest success rate with regard to the detection rate and ...

BACKGROUND: The management of patients with thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens that are neither benign nor malignant still remains problematic. Efforts to improve their management have focused on identifying risk factors that predict malignancy. This study seeks to identify clinical and tumor characteristics that predict thyroid malignancy among patients with ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown the presence of serum anti-nuclear (ANA), anti-smooth muscle (SMA), anti-mitochondrial (AMA), anti-gastric parietal cell (GPCA), anti-thyroglobulin (TGA) and anti-thyroid microsomal autoantibodies (TMA) in small groups of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). METHODS: In this study, the serum levels of ANA, SMA, AMA, GPCA, TGA ...

BACKGROUND: In an incidentally discovered multinodular thyroid goiter, determining which nodule to biopsy is challenging. This study examined whether I-123 thyroid uptake scans (TUS) could guide this biopsy. METHODS: A retrospective review of 71 patients referred for evaluation of an incidentally discovered thyroid nodule was conducted. Patients with a multinodular ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) leading to referral in children and adolescents, in addition to disease course and long-term outcome. DESIGN: Chart review. SETTING: Major tertiary hospital. PATIENTS: 114 children/adolescents (92 female, 22 male; mean (SD) age 11.8 (35) years) with AIT referred for evaluation/treatment. ...

(131)I treatment in thyroid cancer patients may induce side effects, including extrathyroidal cancer and leukemia. There are still some uncertainties concerning parameters that may influence the effective half-life of (131)I and the absorbed doses by extrathyroidal organs. METHODS: Whole-body retention of radioiodine was measured in 254 patients, and repeated quantitative ...

BACKGROUND: In cases of thyroid diseases, many of the symptoms arise on the skin. In this study, we aimed to detect and compare the skin findings and accompanying dermatoses of patients with thyroid diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 220 patients with thyroid diseases, who did not have any medical cure, and ...

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with coexisting thyroid disease has been considered a contraindication to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP). This study assessed the impact of thyroid ultrasonography and guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy with cytological review of the aspiration in distinguishing patients eligible for MIP from those requiring open parathyroidectomy with ...