Recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) has been described to enhance phagocyte functions in vitro and in vivo in several patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). To demonstrate the clinical usefulness of this treatment, 128 patients were treated in a randomized, double-blind multi-centre study with a placebo preparation or with rIFN-gamma. We analysed ...

The gingival health of 19 patients with cardiovascular problems who were medicated with nifedipine was compared with a similar cohort treated with atenolol and a control group of healthy patients. In the nifedipine and atenolol groups, patients had been taking their respective medication for a minimum period of 6 months. ...

In an earlier report, we examined the relationship of patient-derived clinical and epidemiological variables to the risk for future clinical attachment loss (CAL) in chronic adult periodontitis. We determined that the extent of the patient's existing periodontal disease as measured by mean attachment loss (MAL) and the patient's age were ...

The oxidative metabolic status of blood monocytes (BM) and alveolar macrophages (AM) in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (n = 40) and in successfully treated patients (n = 40) was assessed and compared with that of healthy control subjects (n = 40). Oxygen free radical (OFR) generation, measured by ...

Superoxide anion (O2-) production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and monocytes (MN) was measured in the peripheral blood of 70 patients with lung cancer. The O2- production by these cells was decreased in many, but not all, patients. The incidence of patients with lower O2- production increased as the stage advanced. ...

The cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was observed in 28 patients with house dust mite-sensitive asthma. The proportion of neutrophils in the BAL fluid was significantly higher in the patients between the ages of 50 and 59 and those over 60 than in the patients younger than age ...

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an inherited disorder of unknown etiology characterized by recurrent episodes of serous membrane inflammation. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a mediator of inflammatory processes. We hypothesized that IL-1 may play a role in acute attacks of FMF. Thus we tested IL-1 production by monocytes derived from ...

We report on the microbiological and clinical effects of mechanical debridement in combination with metronidazole plus amoxicillin therapy in 118 patients with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: 28 had localized periodontitis; 50 had generalized periodontitis, and 40 had refractory periodontitis. After initial treatment and metronidazole plus ...

The chemotactic activities of eosinophils and neutrophils were measured in bronchial washes obtained from 6 symptom-free patients with previous extrinsic allergic alveolitis and 9 healthy volunteers. An increased chemotactic activity was found in the washes obtained from the patients, and the recovery of eosinophils was correlated with the eosinophil chemotactic ...

Superoxide anion (O2-) production and expression of cytochrome b 558 by neutrophils were determined in 20 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The reduction of O2- production was noted in eight of the 20 patients and an increase was noted in four patients when neutrophils were stimulated by n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), while ...

Clinical and laboratory data of 143 patients with primary or secondary autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) were evaluated. Primary AIN was found predominantly in children below 3 years, whereas secondary AIN was more frequent in patients 40-60 years of age. Female patients with primary AIN were slightly more prevalent (54%) than male ...

Neutrophils from asthmatic patients seem to be in an activated state. This study demonstrated that superoxide radical (O2-) production was enhanced in asthmatic patients compared with healthy control subjects. Production of (O2-) also increased with progression of disease and with disease duration. In addition, (O2-) release was inversely correlated with ...

The function of neutrophils was studied in 23 consecutive patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and in 35 healthy controls. Nineteen patients (83%) had extraglandular symptoms and nine patients (39%) had recurrent bacterial infections. The patients had a marked reduction of neutrophil adherence, especially those with recurrent bacterial infections, and reduced ...

Among the different mechanisms involved, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) may play a central role in the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). PMNs were evaluated in 15 patients with ARDS, in 21 at risk of developing ARDS (AR), and in 36 controls (C). Spontaneous and opsonized zymosan (OZ), phorbol myristate ...

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the predominant cell type in the established lesion of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The function of these cells was studied in 15 patients with RAS and 15 age and sex matched controls. Production of oxygen radicals was assessed using cytochrome-c and nitroblue tetrazolium dye (NBT) reduction ...

The effect of recombinant human and murine interleukin-5 (IL-5) on granulocytes was investigated in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic rhinitis and compared with those from patients with plaque psoriasis and normal non-atopic controls. Granulocyte activation was measured as lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) and release of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) ...

The generation of oxygen free radicals (OFR) by peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils of patients with rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has been studied using the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence technique. The mechanism of OFR generation was studied by measuring NADPH oxidase enzyme activity. The effect of substrate was ...

The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the feasibility of detecting P. gingivalis using selected sites and to indicate increased proportions of this organism in periodontitis patients. In 10 patients suffering from moderate to advanced periodontal disease, separate microbiological samples were taken from the mesial, buccal, distal and oral ...

The influence of the receptor-specific stimuli interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-8 (IL-8), C5a and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) on the generation of arachidonic acid-derived inflammatory mediators from neutrophils (PMN) has been studied in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) as well as in healthy, non-atopic volunteers. The release of leukotriene (LT)B4, the omega-oxidation products 20-COOH- ...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the migratory responses of eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes from asthmatic patients compared with granulocytes from healthy individuals. Twenty-three patients with unstable and severe asthma and blood eosinophilia (greater than 400 x 10(6) cells/l) were selected for the study. Eosinophil and neutrophil ...

Neutrophil (PMN) functions, such as production of toxic oxygen (O2) metabolites, adherence, and chemotactic properties, are modified during local tissue inflammation and sepsis. We hypothesized that PMN would be primed during their transit through injured tissue beds, which in turn can lead to modulation or retention of the primed PMN ...

Sera of 209 patients with rheumatic disease demonstrated 3 patterns of immunofluorescence (IF) on ethanol fixed neutrophils (PMN) and a promyelocytic cell line (HL60): (1) cytoplasmic on PMN, negative on HL60 cells, (2) nuclear or perinuclear on PMN, negative on HL60 and (3) nuclear or perinuclear on both PMN and ...

We quantitated in vivo migration of neutrophils into the knees of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis, using 99mtechnetium-hexamethyl-propylene-amineoxime-labeled leukocytes and gamma scintigraphy. Significant neutrophil migration occurred in patients with RA irrespective of disease duration, and it was reduced by 60% following intraarticular steroid injection. The reduction in neutrophil ...

Recombinant human interferon gamma enhances neutrophil respiratory burst and bactericidal activity in patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Mononuclear leukocytes of patients with the hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (Job syndrome) produce low or undetectable levels of this lymphokine. For these reasons we have restudied neutrophil chemotaxis in a group of our patients ...

The nature and origin of collagenases in gingival crevicular fluid of juvenile periodontitis patients was investigated. Gingival crevicular fluid collected from deep untreated periodontal pockets of juvenile periodontitis patients was found to contain only vertebrate collagenase (EC 3.4.24.7) activity that cleaved soluble type-I and -III collagens into 3/4 and 1/4 ...

A lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) assay was used to assess alveolar macrophage (AM) and blood monocyte (BM) function in patients with lung cancer (LC). Ten patients with LC (7-SCLC, 3-NSCLC) and ten matched controls underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, and AMs were subjected to CL with and without stimulation with latex beads. Peak ...

The chemotactic responses of peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes in 36 patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) were compared to responses in 15 patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) and 10 patients with adult periodontitis (AP). In the RPP group, 13 (36%) patients exhibited reduced chemotactic activity and 7 (19%) exhibited activity. ...

Peripheral blood monocytes from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients were assessed for the monocyte functions with respect to their ability to secrete interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and their cytotoxic potential to tumour target WEHI 164 clone 13. Our results indicate comparable levels of interleukin-1 and TNF production by NHL ...

Subgingival margins of cast restorations have been associated with increased gingival inflammation and probing depth, but it is not known if such effects would be seen among patients receiving regular professional care. In this study, 831 regularly attending patients in 35 North Carolina dental practices were examined. Plaque, gingival inflammation, ...

To study the function of granulocytes in patients with B-cell chronic lymphatic leukaemia (B-CLL), granulocytes were separated from peripheral blood of 48 patients (mean age: 69 years) and 35 apparently healthy age-matched volunteers. Spontaneous mobility, ingestion, digestion and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of granulocytes were assessed. Decreased spontaneous mobility ...

The clinical and pathologic features of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) have been well reported to date, although its pathogenesis remains unknown. In the present study, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on three patients with biopsy specimen-proven DPB and eight patients with highly probable DPB (six women and five men; one smoker ...

This study examined age relationships and mutual interrelationships between cultivable Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Bacteroides intermedius in 1624 periodontitis patients, 15 to 89 years of age. Each subject contributed a pooled subgingival sample, obtained from 3 deep periodontal pockets with paper points. A. actinomycetemcomitans occurred with higher prevalence (74%) and mean ...

Spontaneous and stimulated migration of leukocytes from peripheral blood was studied in 15 patients with JRA and 15 controls. Cells from both groups showed equal migratory ability. However, in the presence of the activated serum of the JRA patients, there was a significant decrease in migration of leukocytes from JRA ...

In a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of diphenylhydantoin-induced gingival overgrowth (DGO) in 60 epileptic patients, gingival lesion severity was statistically compared with other clinical, laboratory, and histopathological findings. Evident DGO was observed in 50% of patients, and positive correlations were detected between overgrowth severity and oral debris, calculus accumulation, plaque score, ...

Preliminary studies have shown that polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) activity is decreased in a state-dependent manner in patients with endogenous depression. The present study investigates this finding in a larger group of psychiatric patients and attempts to determine the identification of the factor responsible for the abnormal neutrophil function. Chemiluminescence responses ...

A total of 242 subjects including 138 untreated severe periodontitis patients and 104 patients with refractory periodontal disease, previously treated for severe periodontitis, were examined for the occurrence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides gingivalis and Bacteroides intermedius. Pooled subgingival samples of representative periodontal lesions were used for anaerobic cultivation on blood ...

Patient plaque removal is a major component of periodontal therapy and should be continuously monitored during and following treatment. There do not appear to be studies which address plaque score changes achieved primarily by patient performance from the time of initial presentation to, during, and following active therapy. We assessed ...

Bacterial sepsis is a frequent complication in patients with cancer who are receiving high doses of interleukin-2. We evaluated the function of neutrophils from such patients to determine whether there was any abnormality in this form of host defense. Before interleukin-2 therapy, neutrophils from 31 patients with metastatic cancer were ...

Neutrophil chemotaxis was studied in 14 patients, twelve with selective and two with partial IgA deficiency. Twelve of the 14 patients were also evaluated for lymphocyte locomotion. Zymosan activated serum was used to stimulate cell migration, and Boyden chambers were used for both neutrophil and lymphocyte chemotaxis assays. Evaluation of ...

Multiple periodontal abscesses were reported in medically compromised patients. We examined patients with a non-contributory medical history referred for the treatment of numerous periodontal abscesses. All patients had taken oral broad spectrum antibiotics 1 to 3 weeks prior to the outburst of the abscesses (8 patients: penicillin, 2 patients: tetracycline). ...

Ten patients with far-advanced Laennec's cirrhosis were studied for in vitro polymorphonuclear (PMN) chemotaxis and in vivo PMN delivery into modified skin windows. Random motility was similar for patient and control cells, but the patients' cells' mean chemotaxis to endotoxin-activated homologous serum was only 38% of control. The poor response ...

Neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte chemotaxis was investigated in 19 patients with active rheumatic fever (10 with carditis), in 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 20 healthy, age-matched controls. Chemotaxis assays were repeated in the rheumatic fever patients on the fifth day of therapy and two weeks after remission. Neutrophil ...

Skin window (SW) tests were performed in ten HIV1-infected patients and in ten healthy volunteers. The chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages is weakened in AIDS patients, since the number of monocytes/macrophages attracted by the SW stimulus decreases in HIV1-infected subjects during the observation time, whereas the number increases in control individuals. HLA-DR ...

To test whether neutrophils infiltrate and degranulate in areas of chronic respiratory allergic inflammation, we developed an indirect immunofluorescence technique to localize neutrophil elastase in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. The affinity-purified antielastase stained only neutrophils on peripheral blood buffy coat smears, and in lung tissue from patients with pneumonia. We examined ...

Abnormalities of neutrophil function have been highly correlated with severe, early onset periodontal diseases. Nonetheless, the identification of these patients and diagnosis of specific disease states, such as LJP or prepubertal periodontitis, are difficult and costly. In this report, the identification and quantification of neutrophil cell surface markers specific to ...

We describe in this paper a female patient affected by chronic granulomatous disease with all the features of the classic X-linked form of the disease and presenting a mild form of the disease, the major clinical manifestation being a granulomatous cheilitis. The capability of the patient's phagocytes to undergo a ...

A short-term 51Cr-release assay was employed to investigate polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) antibody-dependent (ADCC) and phytohemaglutinin-induced (PHA-ICC) cytotoxicity against chicken erythrocytes in 28 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). MDS patients PMN-mediated ADCC and PHA-ICC were significantly reduced when compared to normal donors. When the patients were subdivided according to the revised ...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the phytohaemagglutinin-induced aggregation of circulating neutrophils isolated from 25 patients affected by chronic myeloproliferative syndromes (polycythaemia vera, chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase, and essential thrombocythaemia). The results showed a lesser aggregating capacity in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and an opposite behaviour ...

We have examined superoxide anion (O2-) release by alveolar inflammatory cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage from the lower respiratory tract of 10 healthy nonsmokers and 25 nonsmoking pneumoconiotic patients, 11 with radiographic changes of simple pneumoconiosis (SP) and 14 with changes of progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Significant increased number of ...

A patient with moderate pancytopenia thought to be due to chloroquine ingestion was shown to have granulocyte progenitors (CFU-G) which were abnormally sensitive in vitro to chloroquine. As he required further anti-malarial prophylaxis, his marrow was prospectively tested in vitro with proguanil and its metabolite cycloguanil. The patient's CFU-G were ...