BACKGROUND: Clinical/pathologic correlations in patients with high-resolution CT (HRCT) scan findings presenting with two patterns of centrilobular opacity remain unclear. METHODS: Chest HRCT scans in 553 patients with predominant centrilobular opacities or preferential centrilobular disease were retrospectively evaluated. In 141 patients who underwent biopsy, CT scan images were compared with ...

BACKGROUND: Sestamibi scanning is commonly used for preoperative localization in patients with hyperparathyroidism. However, 12% to 15% of these studies are equivocal or negative. Ultrasound may also be used to identify patients suitable for a minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. METHODS: Data from patients treated for hyperparathyroidism between January 2000 and April ...

A previously healthy 16-year-old boy presented to the Emergency Department with a 2-day history of hoarseness, sore throat, and chest tightness. The physical examination was significant for diffuse neck and chest subcutaneous emphysema. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck and chest revealed pneumomediastinum after a plain chest X-ray ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the significance of indeterminate lung lesions reported from staging CT scans on patients with colorectal cancer. METHOD: CT-scan reports of 439 patients were reviewed to identify patients in which indeterminate lung lesion had been reported. The tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) stage ...

Despite sufficient continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, some patients with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) still suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In some of them, no cause of the persistence of EDS can be found. Brain damage due to nocturnal hypoxemia is a potential cause for this ...

BACKGROUND: To study the role of whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans in the identification of occult biopsy sites and reversible granulomatous disease in patients with sarcoidosis. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of 188 FDG PET scans performed in 137 patients with proven sarcoidosis. All patients had ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of [(18)F]FDG-PET in oncological diseases and to assess its clinical utility and impact (on the clinical and therapeutic management of these patients). This health technology assessment was performed in Spain, using the monitored use (MU) procedure. METHODS: A ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to investigate the use of PET in the detection of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients with NF1 who underwent whole-body PET for suspected MPNST based on clinical symptoms or radiologic ...

Objective.  We studied long-term clinical efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) therapy in patients with refractory urgency incontinence (UI), urgency/frequency (UF) and voiding difficulty (VD), together with urodynamic data at baseline and six months postimplant. Materials and Methods.  Twenty-two patients were implanted with a neurostimulator after a positive response to a percutaneous ...

The aim of this study was to investigate physiological fluorine 18-labeled fluourodeoxyglucose accumulation in the gallbladder (GB) during clinical positron emission tomography (PET) examinations. Three patient groups were included. In Group 1, nine patients with higher fluourodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation in the GB than in the liver were examined, followed up ...

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to describe the radiological and clinical features of gefitinib-induced pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients who suffered dyspnea after gefitinib treatment were selected. Chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT) findings, along with clinical course, were evaluated. RESULTS: ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the efficacy of whole-body (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and associated extrapancreatic autoimmune lesions. METHODS: Whole-body FDG-PET or PET/computed tomography (CT) findings were reviewed in six patients with AIP. The initial PET scans were performed 1 ...

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact on clinical decision making of chest computed tomography (CT) in immunocompetent emergency department (ED) patients with chest radiographic (CXR) findings of pneumonia. We retrospectively identified 1,373 patients from our ED who underwent chest CT between 7/05 and 6/06. Report of ...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the lacrimal flow in patients affected by septal deviations and turbinate hypertrophy and to evaluate changes after rhinoseptoplasty with dacryocystography (DCT) and computed tomographic dacryocystography (CT-DCT). METHODS: The study prospectively recruited patients having septal deviations with or without turbinate hypertrophy who underwent surgical evaluation ...

BACKGROUND: Gallium-67 (67Ga) scintigraphy may be useful in evaluating patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF), but a systematic assessment of its value is lacking. OBJECTIVE: Prospective evaluation of the value of 67Ga scintigraphy in assessing active RPF disease and in predicting treatment response. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with nonmalignant RPF treated with ...

OBJECT: Chronic subdural hematomas (SDHs) are a local inflammatory process that causes the formation of a granulation tissue often referred to as the external or outer membrane. This membrane has abnormally permeable macrocapillaries. Therefore, exudation from the macrocapillaries in the outer membrane of chronic SDH may play an important role ...

To evaluate the potential value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) using 111In-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepenta acetic acid)-D-Phe1-octreotide (111In-pentetreotide) in patients with recurring or persisting symptoms of myasthenia gravis (MG), 14 consecutive cases with such supplemental receptor imaging during neurological routine follow-up were retrospectively evaluated in this study. All 14 patients underwent SRS ...

BACKGROUND: (18)Fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ((18)FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used for initial staging and follow-up in patients with malignant lymphoma. While earlier studies suggested a limited role for PET in extranodal marginal zone mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma patients due to their non-FDG avidity, more recent reports have suggested that ...

PURPOSE: There are several management options for patients with clinical stage I (CS1) nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT); this study examined whether an 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18FDG PET) scan could identify patients without occult metastatic disease for whom surveillance is an attractive option. METHODS: High-risk (lymphovascular invasion positive) patients ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare plain film kidney, ureter and bladder radiography (KUB) with transabdominal native tissue harmonic imaging ultrasonography (NTHI-US) vs unenhanced computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of urinary calculi in patients with acute flank pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 112 patients who presented to the urological department with ...

Thoracic high-resolution computed tomography scans (HRCT) of 17 patients with inflammatory muscle disorders (IMD) and positive Jo1 antibodies were retrospectively reviewed regarding presence, extension, and distribution of pathological findings. Abnormal findings were found in 14 (82.3%) patients. The predominant CT abnormality was ground glass attenuation, which was present in seven ...

OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine the relationship between adenoid volume and the stage of rhinosinusitis, as well as the relationship between age and adenoid size. METHODS: Forty-two children complaining of nasal discharge, whose paranasal sinus computed tomographic scans had been obtained, were involved in the study. The patients with adenoid ...

We tried to assess retrospectively thin-section CT findings of Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) in 25 patients and to compare these findings with clinical and histopathologic findings. Of 25 patients, 19 (76%) had parenchymal abnormalities at CT; small nodules (n = 12; 63%), ground-glass opacity (n = 10; 53%), bronchial wall thickening ...

OBJECTIVE: Currently, the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a symptom-based definition. This study aims to study, verify and evaluate the predictive value of the symptom-based definition of CRS and compare this with objective tests. METHODS: Seven hundred and sixty-eight adults, who were referred from primary care centers as patients ...

PURPOSE: Preoperative localization of the thymic veins is considered important to prevent intraoperative severe bleeding prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal dose of contrast material for preoperative CT imaging for the detection of thymic veins on the basis of patient weight. ...

PURPOSE: To determine thin-section computed tomography (CT) characteristics of acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thin-section CT scans of 29 patients (14 males, 15 females; mean age, 26+/-15 years; age range, 15-72 years) with AEP were included this retrospective study. The clinical diagnosis of AEP was established by Allen's ...

BACKGROUND: Tc-99-sestamibi scanning is utilized to determine whether patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) are candidates for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP). However, if the result of this scan is negative, many surgeons recommend bilateral parathyroid exploration because of possible multi-gland disease. The objectives of this study were to determine whether patients ...

Two people employed for several years in the spawning shed of a mushroom farm developed mushroom worker's lung. The first patient presented in respiratory failure, with radiological features characteristic of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The condition of the second patient was subacute on presentation, with a computed tomography (CT) scan showing ground-glass ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the computed tomographic (CT) findings of pulmonary septic emboli in causative microorganisms. METHODS: The CT findings of 16 patients (8 men and 8 women; age range, 17 to 80 years; mean, 53.1 years) with documented pulmonary septic emboli were retrospectively reviewed by 2 radiologists; their ...

PURPOSE: In patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), rising levels of the tumour markers calcitonin and CEA after primary surgery indicate tumour recurrence or metastases. The only chance of cure is the resection of localised tumour tissue. For positron emission tomography (PET) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and (18)F-dihydroxyphenylalanine ((18)F-DOPA), sensitivities of ...

We sought to assess the significance of an incidental finding of colorectal wall thickening (CRWT) on computed tomography (CT) scan in African-American and Hispanic patients. We retrospectively reviewed charts of African-American and Hispanic patients from January 1994 to December 2005. Those patients were included in whom the colonoscopy was performed ...

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) differentiates normal from abnormal cells based on metabolic activity. Numerous studies report that PET scan offers increased sensitivity, specificity and predictive values as compared to computed tomography (CT) in adult lymphoma patients. PROCEDURE: Twenty-three consecutive pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients were evaluated with PET scan ...

PURPOSE: To describe the diagnostic findings of primary and secondary aortoenteric fistulas (AEFs) at computed tomographic (CT) angiography in a cohort of patients known to have AEF and to correlate those findings with those from endoscopic gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT angiography was performed in nine patients ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of a new somatostatin analog, (68)Ga-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid-d-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide ((68)Ga-DOTA-TOC), for PET in patients with known or suspected neuroendocrine tumors. PET was compared with conventional scintigraphy and dedicated CT. METHODS: Eighty-four patients (48 men, 36 women; age range, 28-79 y; ...

AIM: To evaluate computed tomography (CT) findings, useful to suggest the presence of refractory celiac disease (RCD) and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma (EATL). METHODS: Coeliac disease (CD) patients were divided into two groups. Group I: uncomplicated CD (n = 14) and RCD type I (n = 10). Group II: ...

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major preventable cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy and accurate diagnosis is essential. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a robust diagnostic test in non-pregnant patients with suspected PE. The potential latent carcinogenic effects of CTPA-related breast irradiation mandates careful use of this technique in ...

AIM: To report the computed tomography (CT) appearances of talc pleurodesis in the management of patients with pleural effusions and spontaneous pneumothorax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The post-pleurodesis CT studies of 16 patients obtained over a 5-year period were reviewed. The mean age was 63 years (range 41-79 years). Ten patients ...

BACKGROUND: Although small bowel (SB) involvement is found at postmortem in 50-60% of melanoma patients, diagnosis is only made during life in 10% of cases. This study reports the findings of capsule endoscopy (CE) in melanoma patients referred for investigation of suspected SB involvement. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: Eight men and ...

This article provides an update on the use of 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET in the follow-up of patients treated for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Although DTC recurrence is principally identified by a detectable basal or TSH-stimulated thyroglobulin level, PET helps to localize recurrent disease in patients with normal (131)I total-body scans and ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the positive predictive value of detectable Tg during T4 therapy (Tg on T4) in patients with thyroid cancer after total thyroidectomy and remnant ablation, discussing the work-up in this situation and the empirical indication of 131I. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Initially, 234 low-risk patients [tumor < 5cm, completely ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine with phantom and patient imaging the effect of an automatic patient-centering technique on the radiation dose associated with MDCT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A 32-cm CT dose index (CTDI) phantom was scanned with 64-MDCT in three positions: gantry isocenter and 30 and ...

Brain processing of acupuncture stimuli in chronic neuropathic pain patients may underlie its beneficial effects. We used fMRI to evaluate verum and sham acupuncture stimulation at acupoint LI-4 in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) patients and healthy controls (HC). CTS patients were retested after 5 weeks of acupuncture therapy. Thus, we ...

BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis has a number of causes. Their prevalence is not well documented. The aim of this study was to identify aetiology in a population of patients referred to a specialist clinic with symptoms suggestive of bronchiectasis, to determine the proportion of patients in whom knowing the aetiology altered management. ...

This paper evaluates the imaging appearance of radiation injury in the liver on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with distal esophageal cancer who underwent pre-operative chemoradiation therapy. Twenty-six patients with distal esophageal cancer who received chemoradiotherapy before esophagectomy were included. All patients had baseline and follow-up PET/CT. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the computed tomographic (CT) features of the appendiceal serositis in women with pelvic inflammatory disease and to compare these with the pathological findings. METHODS: Appendiceal serositis was pathologically evaluated in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease who underwent surgery within 3 days ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of significant noncardiac findings in asymptomatic patients undergoing coronary multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 258 consecutive participants, 202 (78.3%) men and 56 (21.7%) women, aged 54.38 +/- 7.9 years (range, 40-86 years), ...

INTRODUCTION: To compare the accuracy of graded compression ultrasonography (US) and unenhanced spiral computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. METHODS: This prospective study comprised 58 consecutive patients with high clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis. After careful clinical assessment and laboratory investigations, all the patients were independently evaluated ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) after induction treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 45 previously untreated patients with FL were studied with PET and computed tomography (CT) scans after chemotherapy induction treatment (fludarabine-containing ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical utility of cranial computed tomography (CT) in pediatric and adult patients during ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment from acute respiratory failure and to assess the frequency of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and infarction during the treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of ...

PURPOSE: To prospectively assess molecular imaging of multiple myeloma (MM) by using the radiolabeled amino acid carbon 11 ((11)C) methionine and positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional local ethics committee and the national radiation protection authorities. All patients with MM ...