INTRODUCTION: Intussusception is the commonest cause of intestinal obstruction in infants and young children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This report reviews the clinical presentation, investigations and outcomes of patients with intussusception treated at the KK Women's and Children's Hospital between 1 May 1997 and 30 April 2000. RESULTS: The study population ...

This study evaluated the incidence and physiological findings in male patients with rectoceles. All defecographic studies were evaluated by a single colorectal surgeon. After diagnosis of rectocele in male patients, the patient's history, symptoms, and physiologic tests (anal manometry, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency [PNTML], assessment and electromyography [EMG]) were ...

BACKGROUND: Younger patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have long been thought to have a poorer prognosis than older patients. Recent overseas reports, however, have disputed this. The aim of the present study was to conduct a review of data on patients with colorectal cancer collected over a 29-year period at ...

OBJECTIVE: The outcome of subtotal colectomy for severe constipation may be difficult to predict. One factor, which probably is of major importance for the functional outcome, is rectal function. The aim of the study has been to evaluate long-term results after subtotal colectomy with ileo-rectal anastomosis in a group of ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) have a high prevalence of duodenal adenomas, and the region of the ampulla of Vater is the predilection site for duodenal adenocarcinomas. This study assessed the risk of stage IV periampullary adenomas according to the Spigelman classification and periampullary adenocarcinomas in ...

The diagnostic accuracy of 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy- D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for the detection of (pre-)malignant lesions of the colon was compared with that of endoscopy. We selected a cohort of 39 patients [13 females and 26 males; mean age 62.3 years standard deviation (SD) 9.6 years] who underwent both FDG-PET ...

PURPOSE: It has been documented that Crohn's disease affects anorectal function when anorectal manifestations of the disease are present. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of histologic lesions in rectal biopsy affected anorectal motility in patients with Crohn's disease but no evidence of macroscopic anorectal ...

Twenty two consecutive cases of adult intussusception managed between January 1990 and December 1998 at Jos University Teaching Hospital formed the basis of this study. Thirteen (59.1%) of the patients were males and 9(40.9%) females, with a male to female ratio of 1:4:1 and a mean age of 49.6 years. ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the safety and efficacy of bacterial interference in preventing symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: A prospective, nonrandomized, pilot clinical trial was conducted in patients with spinal cord injury who had neurogenic bladder and had frequent episodes of symptomatic UTI. The bladder of patients was inoculated with ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of gender on the effect of a 5-HT3 antagonist, alosetron, 1 mg b.i.d., on GI and colonic transit in D-IBS. METHODS: Thirty patients (15 male, 15 female) with D-IBS received 1 mg b.i.d. alosetron for 6 wk. Transit was measured by scintigraphy at baseline and ...

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopic procedure is an accepted modality for the evaluation of colonic disease. Open-access versus restricted-access colonoscopy has been argued over in the recent literature. The aim of this retrospective analysis is to identify the yield of the major indications for the procedure, and the pattern of colon pathology in ...

PURPOSE: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis need prophylactic colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis or restorative proctocolectomy. Preoperative rectal polyp counts have been used as one factor to determine which operation should be done, triaging patients according to risk of rectal cancer or completion proctectomy after ileorectal anastomosis. This study was designed ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to determine the frequency and CT imaging spectrum of colonic wall thickening and correlate these with the clinical severity of virally induced cirrhosis. METHOD: Fifty-nine patients were identified with virally induced cirrhosis and no other causes of colonic wall thickening. The abdominal CT ...

Tracheoesophageal voice prostheses in laryngectomized patients commonly deteriorate due to the presence of yeasts, particularly Candida species. We describe the first case of colonization of such a device by Cryptococcus neoformans in a patient with a history of glottic carcinoma. The isolate showed an identical genomic pattern with C. neoformans ...

The elderly have an increased incidence of oropharyngeal colonization with respiratory pathogens, a well-known risk factor for the development of pneumonia. Changes in the oral milieu may occur secondary to decreased salivary production and abnormalities in swallowing. These abnormalities, common in the elderly, may result in impaired clearance of organisms, ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Patients who have had a colorectal adenoma are likely to develop a metachronous adenoma, and therefore need to be kept under surveillance. The question is whether metachronous adenomas will be found at the same anatomical site as the preceding adenomas, thus prompting us to focus surveillance ...

A prospective study was conducted to determine (i) the degree of yeast colonization in surgical patients with intra-abdominal perforations and (ii) whether the frequency of colonization is different in patients with a complicated postoperative course than in patients recovering uneventfully. A total of 1,496 specimens taken per- and post-operatively from ...

Spigelian hernia is considered a surgical rarity. Recent articles describe only six recurrent hernias and a scant number of patients with colonic obstruction resulting from incarceration. A patient with intestinal obstruction resulting from recurrent Spigelian hernia with strangulated colon is described. The patient underwent tension-free repair using a prosthetic mesh. ...

BACKGROUND: Although adenomatous polyps have been established clearly as precursor lesions for most cases of colorectal cancer, the role, if any, of hyperplastic polyps remains uncertain. The aim of the current study was to determine whether a patient with an index finding of hyperplastic polyp on colonoscopy is at increased ...

AIMS: To document blood pressure changes during barium enema examination and to determine at what point in the examination changes are likely to occur. METHODS AND RESULTS: Blood pressure measurements were taken at seven points during the course of barium enema examination in 107 consecutive patients. We found that patients ...

OBJECTIVE: To find out if nuclear morphometry is a useful indicator of prognosis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) before and after treatment with sulindac. DESIGN: Open study. SETTING: Teaching hospital, Spain. SUBJECTS: 29 patients (17 women and 12 men) with FAP who had been treated by colectomy. There ...

OBJECTIVE: Critical illness-related colonic ileus (CIRCI) is characterized by the non-passage of stools in critically ill patients as a result of the absence of prokinetic movements of the colon, while the upper gastrointestinal tract functions properly and mechanical ileus is absent: We investigated whether neostigmine resulted in defecation in patients ...

PURPOSE: Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) is a disease of the enteric nervous system, which clinically resembles Hirschsprung's disease. The authors reviewed their experience of IND over an 8-year period. METHODS: Between 1992 and 1999, 418 patients underwent rectal suction biopsy for persistent constipation. Thirty-three (7.8%) patients had histologic evidence of ...

PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess the results of preoperative functional evaluation of patients with severe slow-transit constipation in relation to functional outcome. METHODS: Four hundred thirty-nine patients with chronic intractable constipation were evaluated by marker studies. Twenty-one patients underwent colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for slow-transit constipation. Mean colorectal ...

OBJECTIVES: The role of telomerase in periampullary tumor progression in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was investigated. METHODS: Relative telomerase activity was measured using a telomerease amplification protocol in periampullary biopsy specimens of normal mucosa and adenoma obtained from patients with FAP, and was compared with that of periampullary ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Because of the rarity of cap polyposis of the colon and rectum, the endoscopic features of this condition have not been specified to date. The aim of this study is to characterize the endoscopic features of cap polyposis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The diagnosis of cap polyposis ...

BACKGROUND: To describe the prevalence and sonographic findings and ultrasound diagnostic accuracy of the right side colonic diverticulitis in patients having right lower abdominal pain with indeterminate nature. METHODS: A total of 934 patients with acute right lower abdominal pain of clinically indeterminate nature were referred for ultrasound examination (US). ...

A cohort study of patients with chronic ulcers was performed to estimate the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia in a population colonized with MRSA. During a five-year period (January 1990-May 1995), 911 patients with chronic ulcers (CU), as determined by ICD9-CM code search, were admitted to an acute ...

A case of colonoscopy-induced hyponatraemic encephalopathy led us to study the risk of hyponatraemia after gastrointestinal endoscopy. We assessed 40 patients before and after colonoscopy. 20 gastroscopy patients served as controls. Our findings show a high incidence (7.5%) of hyponatraemia after colonoscopy, in association with raised serum concentrations of arginine ...

BACKGROUND: It is not known whether evaluation of motor and sensory function of the rectum using a barostat may help to distinguish subtypes of constipation. METHODS: Motor and sensory function of the rectum have been evaluated using a barostat in 14 patients with slow transit constipation (STC), 12 patients with ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether clinical variables accurately identify children with radiographically proven constipation. METHODS: Prospective, cross sectional case series of children 2-12 years of age with abdominal pain (AP) requiring radiographic evaluation. Constipation was defined radiographically as the presence of fecal material throughout the colon. The presence of other ...

BACKGROUND: Intractable idiopathic constipation in women is often associated with psychosocial problems. AIMS: To determine the past and current psychological factors associated with slow and normal transit constipation. PATIENTS: Twenty-eight consecutive patients referred for biofeedback treatment were interviewed before the procedure. All were women. Transit studies revealed that 12 had ...

PURPOSE: Major therapeutic decisions are rendered based on a single colonic transit study. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of colonic transit time in patients with chronic constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients with chronic idiopathic constipation were randomly selected to undergo two separate colonic ...

PURPOSE: After resection of the distal rectum with a straight reanastomosis, poor bowel function can occur. This is felt to be because of the loss of the rectal reservoir. To overcome this, a neoreservoir using a colonic J-pouch has been advocated in low colorectal and coloanal anastomosis. However, difficulties in ...

BACKGROUND: The adenoma-carcinoma sequence has its molecular basis in several gene mutations of which K-ras and p53 are of paramount importance. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether these genetic alterations can be detected in colonic lavage fluid from patients with colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. METHODS: In 45 ...

The sensitivity of a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting Aspergillus galactomannan was evaluated with 66 serum samples and 113 specimens of the respiratory tract obtained from 52 patients with pulmonary diseases. The patients were divided into five groups: proven invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) (five patients), probable IPA (seven ...

This study investigated the tonic response of the rectum to topical application of bisacodyl in women with obstructed defecation. Forty-five women with obstructed defecation, and 15 female controls were studied. Total colonic transit time was normal in 35 patients, and prolonged in 10. For the purpose of this study an ...

BACKGROUND: Successful colonoscopy depends on insertion of the instrument to the cecum, precise observation, and minimal patient discomfort during the procedure. The aim of this prospective study was to determine whether certain variables are associated with insertion time and patient discomfort during colonoscopy. METHODS: Nine hundred nine consecutive colonoscopic examinations ...

PURPOSE: The aim of this prospective study was to point out a new concept of dyschezia using dynamic videoproctography. METHODS: A total of 154 consecutive patients with impaired defecation prospectively underwent dynamic videoproctography from 1996 to 1998. Evacuation of thick barium of standardized consistency was fully videotaped under fluoroscopy in ...

PURPOSE: Biofeedback is an effective therapy for a majority of patients with anismus. However, a significant proportion of patients still failed to respond to biofeedback, and little has been known about the factors that predict response to biofeedback. We evaluated the factors associated with poor response to biofeedback. METHODS: Biofeedback ...

Longitudinal study among patients with acute and chronic spinal cord injuries (SCI). To compare total gastrointestinal transit times (GITT) and segmental colorectal transit times (CTT) in SCI patients with acute and chronic lesions to those of healthy volunteers. Furthermore, to examine the impact of time elapsed since injury on GITT ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anorectal and colonic function in a group of patients with anorexia nervosa complaining of chronic constipation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve women (age range, 19-29 years) meeting the criteria for anorexia nervosa and complaining of chronic constipation were recruited for the study. A group of 12 healthy women ...

PURPOSE: Diverticulosis of the right colon has been increasing in the Far East; however, a considerable proportion of these patients includes cases of solitary right-sided diverticular disease. This study aimed to determine whether the incidence of such solitary diverticula (defined as 1 or 2 diverticula in this study) and multiple ...

OBJECTIVE: In a single noninvasive, quantitative test, whole gut transit scintigraphy (WGTS) measures gastric emptying (GE), small bowel transit (SBT), and colonic transit (CT). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical utility of WGTS in patients with functional gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. METHODS: A total of 108 patients ...

BACKGROUND: The significance of the small distal tubular adenoma detected by sigmoidoscopy as a predictor of proximal neoplasm remains controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of proximal neoplasms in patients with and without distal neoplasms. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 3131 asymptomatic middle-aged ...

PURPOSE: This study was performed to clarify the sonographic features of acute colonic diverticulitis to enable its differentiation from appendicitis. METHODS: Of 119 patients who were referred to our hospitals for lower abdominal pain between June 1997 and December 1998 and underwent sonography, 12 patients had a definitive diagnosis of ...

BACKGROUND: We assessed the hypothesis that a compromised p53 function could account for the non response of colon cancer patients with low thymidylate synthase (TS) expression receiving a bolus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) leucovorin (LV) combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 41 patients with unresectable metastatic colon cancer, homogeneously, ...

We have recently developed a simple method to investigate the colonic response to food (CRF). This study describes the modifications of CRF induced by treatment with oral pinaverium bromide in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Thirty healthy subjects and 43 patients suffering from IBS were studied. Colonic transit time (CTT) ...

BACKGROUND: Faecal impaction is frequently observed in children with chronic constipation. The term megarectum is often used to describe this finding. AIM: To evaluate rectal functioning and rectal measures in constipated children with a filled rectum, in order to define the terms faecal impaction, enlarged rectum, and megarectum. METHODS: All ...

Endoscopy and biopsy are important diagnostic tools in the evaluation of patients with chronic diarrhea and normal colonic mucosa. When colonoscopy is performed in patients with diarrhea and normal endoscopic appearance, representative sampling is important to rule out not just irritable colon but other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, ...