The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder, also associated with the metabolic syndrome. Serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation is a potent predictor of cardiovascular events, closely linked to metabolic syndrome features and higher in patients with PCOS. However, hs-CRP ...

Abstract Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is associated with fat redistribution and metabolic disorders. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association between peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)α and PPARγ polymorphisms, two genes involved in lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation, and elements of the metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophy, or carbohydrate ...

Patients who are categorized with class I obesity have a body mass index (BMI) of 30-34.99 kg/m(2). This population of patients has a predisposition to diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the improvements of these co-morbidities in a class I obese population that ...

Background and Objectives: Residual renal function (RRF) is important for peritoneal dialysis (PD) technique failure and patient survival. Reduction in extracellular water (ECW) has been reported to reduce urine output. We audited volume status and RRF to determine whether ECW was linked to urinary output. Methods: We retrospectively audited PD ...

Hyperglycaemia-associated movement disorders (MD) usually appear in older patients with diabetes and are related to acute peaks in blood glucose levels. This study aimed to describe the clinical features of a prospective series of patients with movement disorders associated with hyperglycaemia. We present a series of seven women and three ...

BACKGROUND: Acute hyperglycemia (AHG) is associated with mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The extent to which hyperproinsulinemia contributes to worse clinical outcomes for this specific patient population is unknown. METHODS: We included 308 consecutive ACS patients who underwent coronary angioplasty in this pilot observational study. Patients were ...

The Objective is to study the correlations and the differences in glucose metabolism between the thalamus and cortical structures in a sample of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with different neurological outcomes. We studied 49 patients who had suffered a severe TBI and 10 healthy control subjects using 18F-FDG-PET. ...

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that hemodialysis patients have elevated plasma acylcarnitine concentrations, which correlates to reduced red blood cell integrity. It has also been reported that the supplementation of L-carnitine for these patients improves anemia, glucose metabolism and muscle function, but the mechanism of these relationships remains unknown. We ...

Westling S, Ahrén B, Träskman-Bendz L, Brundin L. Increased IL-1β reactivity upon a glucose challenge in patients with deliberate self-harm. Objective:  A disturbed glucose metabolism has been observed in patients with aggressive behaviour. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that can induce hypoglycaemia, but has also been suggested to be ...

Introduction. The role of metabolic syndrome (MS) in hemodialysis population has not been thoroughly studied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MS and to identify its correlates among hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients in a hemodialysis center. The MS was defined ...

Myeloid Sarcoma in acute myeloid leukemia has been clearly defined by the World Health Organization but studies regarding the prevalence and the prognostic impact of extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia have not been conducted. We performed 18Fluoro-deoxy-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography scans in 10 patients with de novo and ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The present study examined the effects of admission hyperglycemia and early recanalization (ER) after t-PA administration on infarct volume and patient outcome. METHODS: Acute ischemic stroke patients with major artery occlusion treated with t-PA within 3h of onset were studied prospectively. Hyperglycemia was identified as admitting blood ...

Background. Preventing hypoglycemia is of vital importance and a major challenge in patients with severe symptomatic hypoglycemia related to malignant unresectable insulinomas, but there is no consensus treatment. Patients. Five patients with malignant unresectable insulinomas were referred to our department for severe hypoglycemia. At referral the five patients were dependent ...

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the comorbidities related to obesity. Liver biopsy has been used as the "gold standard" for the diagnosis, grading, and prognosis of obese patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinical predictors of more advanced stages of NAFLD. METHODS: ...

Background:  An association between porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is widely-reported, but the pathogenetic link remains unknown. Objective:  To investigate the natural history of DM in the setting of PCT and which PCT features and risk factors may be associated with the development of DM. Methods:  This ...

Increased kynurenine/tryptophan-reflects trytophan degradation-and neopterin levels have been regarded as a biochemical marker of cell-mediated immune response and inflammation. This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of tryptophan degradation and neopterin levels in active rheumatoid arthritis patients under therapy. In this case-control study, kynurenine and tryptophan levels were determined ...

A 41-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive man was hospitalized with complaints of a 4-week history of nausea and vomiting, associated with decreased oral intake, and a 4-day history of frontal headache and fever. His medical history was significant for a gunshot wound to the head 3 years prior, with a ...

Aim  Anal sphincter anatomy on two-dimensional endoanal -ultrasonography (EUS) does not always correlate with the clinical data. The purpose of this study was to determine whether three-dimensional (3D) measurements yield a better correlation. Method  The study group included consecutive patients who underwent 3D EUS for faecal incontinence over a 2-year ...

Hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis (TBM) continues to be a challenging condition to treat for neurosurgeons in developing countries. Shunt complications are reportedly more frequent in patients undergoing ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in patients with TBM than in those undergoing shunt surgeries for other causes. The aim of this study was to ...

The early signs of brain ischemia are key indicators of secondary brain injury and their recognition on time can ultimately save life. Direct recording of cerebral ischemia is possible using the method of cerebral microdialysis (CM). This paper presents results of the five-year experience in applying this method at University ...

The accuracy of bedside glucometry using capillary blood is contentious in patients admitted to intensive care units. We aimed to compare the accuracy of capillary bedside glucometry with arterial samples in critically ill patients with shock through a prospective case-control study. Study group consisted of 100 patients with shock on ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the admission blood glucose level following acute poisoning, severity of acute poisoning and clinical outcome. This prospective study was conducted on 345 deliberate self-poisoning patients. Standard demographic and clinical information; admission blood glucose level; poisoning severity score and outcome ...

To assess results and morbidity of the periprostatic insertion of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) in adult male patients with a neurogenic bladder. A retrospective study was carried out on 51 adult male patients operated on in four urologic academic wards from April 1988 to January 2008. Among these patients, ...

A morbidly obese 50-year-old woman presented with two episodes of septic meningitis over a 4-month period. The patient admitted having a watery discharge from her right naris for a year; she could not recall a history of head trauma. The glucose level of the discharge was 65 mg/dl. The authors ...

A study to investigate the level of the neurobiochemical marker, Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), at the time of admission and its correlation with the blood sugar level in ischemic stroke patients. We investigated 90 patients with complete stroke who were admitted to the Stroke Unit of the Department of Neurology at ...

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of various parameters commonly used for the diagnosis of acute meningitis to differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis, in adult patients with a negative direct cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. This was a prospective study, started in 1997, including all patients ...

Recent evidence suggests that there may be a bidirectional, physiological link between hypogonadism and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been shown to improve some symptoms of MetS in small patient populations. We examined the effect of 12 months of TRT on MetS components in a large ...

OBJECTIVE: Interferon γ (IFN-γ) is centrally involved in atherosclerosis-related inflammation, but its activity cannot be reliably assessed by systemic measurements. In activated macrophages, IFN-γ stimulates production of neopterin and conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine. We evaluated the relationships of plasma neopterin and plasma kynurenine:tryptophan ratio (KTR) to long-term prognosis in ...

A prospective study was conducted on 62 female patients with overactive bladder syndrome, to check for differences in clinical profiles, subjective symptoms and urodynamic findings, between patients with or without cystometric evidence of detrusor overactivity (DO). Later both groups of women were assessed for the effect of an antimuscarinic agent, ...

The study evaluated the prevalence of clinical and urodynamic findings in the lower urinary tract of patients with Machado-Joseph (MJ) disease. One hundred twenty-two patients were retrospectively evaluated; 17 (13.9%) presented lower urinary tract dysfunction, 10 of them were women. The average age was 41.6 years. Urgency was found in 15 ...

We assessed the role and long-term outcome of upper pole heminephroureterectomy in the treatments of non-functioning upper renal moieties in children with duplex kidneys. In a period of 10 years, forty-three patients (male: female ratio 6:37) underwent upper pole heminephroureterectomy; a total of 25 patients were diagnosed prenatally. Imaging modalities included ...

Conventional urodynamics systems have been widely used for the assessment of bladder functions. However, they have some drawbacks due to the unfamiliar circumstances for the patient, restrictive position during the test, expense and immovability of the instrument as well as the unphysiological filling of the bladder. To mitigate these problems, ...

• To assess the effect of α1-D/A adrenoceptor antagonist naftopidil on patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) and voiding difficulty. • To explore the effectiveness of naftopidil in these patients by using urodynamic variables, including pressure flow study (PFS), and to find good and simple parameters (International Prostate ...

To report the case of a 48-year female with chronic remitting anorexia nervosa who was found comatose at home and admitted to our hospital with a deep hypoglycemia (glucose level 0.6 mmol/L; 11 mg/dL) and septic shock secondary to a bilateral pneumonia. Case report. After admission to the critical care ...

To evaluate whether the bladder size on the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) might be a proxy for voiding abnormalities. Voiding abnormalities have been implicated in the development of hydronephrosis, reflux, and urinary tract infections. We evaluated the volume of contrast infused for 617 consecutive VCUGs. We compared the actual volume infused ...

We determined if ileal/colonic bladder augmentation performed in patients with congenital bladder abnormalities is an independent risk factor for bladder malignancy. We reviewed a registry of patients with bladder dysfunction due to neurological abnormalities, exstrophy and posterior urethral valves. Individuals treated with augmentation cystoplasty were matched (1:1) to a control ...

Measurement of bladder wall thickness (BWT) using transvaginal ultrasound has previously been shown to discriminate between women with confirmed detrusor overactivity and those with urodynamic stress incontinence. Aim of the current study was to determine if vaginally measured BWT correlates with urodynamic diagnoses in a female population. Between December 2008 ...

To assess the factors associated with the presence of idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) in male patients with clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We prospectively evaluated 193 men who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms. Each patient underwent urodynamic evaluation, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), uroflowmetry, residual volume check, and transrectal ...

AIMS Patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are reported to have an increased severity of irritating bladder symptoms, including urinary frequency and urgency. The mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible etiologies underlying this problem. Data from 23 female patients with SS (15 primary and ...

Sacral agenesis is an uncommon congenital disorder that involves multiple organs. We studied neurological manifestations of the disease, common associated disorders, and their relation with extent of bony malformation. We investigated neurological manifestations of 50 patients with sacral agenesis. Patients were evaluated for previous procedures, ambulation, limb abnormalities, vertebral alignment, ...

This study was carried out to determine the frequency, characteristics and possible causes and clinical significance of occasionally observed posterior layering of excreted 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) in the bladder. A review of 567 consecutive patients referred for positron emission tomography/computerized tomography studies was performed. Urinary bladder size was measured in patients ...

to determine the influence of the knowledge of the endoscopic findings and the influence of the patient's history on the cytologist's judgement, as urinary cytology is known to be subjective and has several limitations, in particular a high inter- and intra-observer variability. we analysed the cytological and histological findings of ...

We determined Hounsfield numbers, using cone beam CT (CBCT), in the bladder of 27 muscle invasive bladder cancer patients treated with online adaptive radiotherapy using a Varian linear accelerator. The CBCT number of urine was found to increase by 130 from the thinnest to the largest patient (249 mm to ...

The Nocturnal Bladder Capacity Index (NBCi) has been reported to be useful in distinguishing between nocturia caused by low bladder capacity and nocturnal polyuria. This paper aims to calculate reference values for NBCi from an asymptomatic population by comparing these with NBCi values from patients with lower urinary tract symptoms ...

If the pathophysiology of bladder cooling reflex (BCR) elicited during an ice water test (IWT) is well-known (triggered by activation of cold receptors within the bladder wall supplied by unmyelinated C fiber afferents) and is widely used for the diagnosis of upper motor neurological lesions, the significance of having a ...

We assessed LUTS at least 12 months after RTx in patients without evidence of lower urinary tract dysfunction (non-urologic) that had been anuric for at least six months before RTx. No bladder recycling was performed before RTx. LUTS were evaluated using a questionnaire. Clinical records were also reviewed. LUTS in ...

PURPOSE: Patients with multiple sclerosis often experience overactive bladder symptoms. High dose intradetrusor botulinum toxin A treatment is effective but often results in urinary retention and urinary diversion via a catheter. In this pilot study we evaluated whether only 100 U botulinum toxin A would significantly decrease overactive bladder symptoms ...

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Circulating tumour cells (CTC) have prognostic relevance for patients with different metastatic carcinomas. Detection of CTC using the CellSearch system has also been reported in bladder cancer, but mainly in patients with metastatic disease. This is the largest report ...

INTRODUCTION: To date, there are no published data assessing lower urinary tract involvement in patients with autoimmune bullous dermatoses (ABD). METHODS: Fourteen of 30 consecutive patients diagnosed with ABD between October 2007 and December 2008 consented to undergo a diagnostic video-recorded urethrocystoscopy: 9 patients (7 women and 2 men) with ...

This was a prospective study to determine the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in patients with faecal incontinence and to investigate the association of IBS positivity with sphincter dysfunction. Patients with faecal incontinence were referred for physiological assessment and further management. Those with an acute obstetric injury, rectal prolapse ...