Cough headache (CH) is a relatively rare, but an important complication of cough. The aim of this cross-sectional clinical study was to evaluate the frequency, characteristics and etiology of CH among the patients referred to our Outpatient Department with the complaint of cough, and to investigate the relationship between their ...

An anonymous survey was conducted over a 6-month period of time using consenting Emergency Department (ED) patients in an attempt to better understand concussions occurring in the ED population. Calculations were made using the respondents' history and self-reported symptoms during the previous 12 months. Five hundred twenty-two of 700 approached ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an infrequent variety of cerebrovascular disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and a notoriously difficult diagnosis. Previous reports have emphasized the potential clinical utility of D-dimer assay in CVT diagnosis. METHODS: A rapid sensitive D-dimer assay was performed at entry ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the frequencies and characteristics of different headache types seen in patients with Behçet's syndrome (BS) in a large cohort of patients. BACKGROUND: Patients with BS may present with different neurological problems, related either directly or indirectly to the disease, with headache being the most common neurological symptom ...

The new discoveries relating to cluster headache (CH) encouraged the study of the relationship of the hypothalamus to respiratory physiology and its comorbidity with sleep apnoea. The question is whether the apnoeas are more frequent during REM sleep and the desaturations could be involved as triggers of the cluster attacks. ...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: The association between gastrointestinal symptoms and headache is frequently unrecognized. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of migraine in dyspeptic outpatients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients aged 18 - 55 years undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspeptic ...

There is association between migraine, particularly migraine with aura, and large persistent foramen ovale (PFO) and other right-to-left shunts. Migraine is often improved by closure of a PFO in patients who have a large shunt. Inheritance of migraine is linked to the inheritance of large atrial shunts in some families. ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the prevalence of migraine-like headache in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with plaques in the brainstem or in other locations. BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence to suggest that periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) plays a role in the pathophysiology of migraine headache. There are a ...

BACKGROUND: Female patients with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) show a wide range of clinical severity, from asymptomatic to lethal hyperammonemia. It is important to establish a simple method to distinguish symptomatic from asymptomatic patients. METHODS: Uracil and orotic acid concentrations were analyzed in three female patients with OTCD at both ...

Trigger factors, signs and symptoms of the preheadache phases of episodic tension-type headache (ETTH), typical aura with non-migraine headache (TANMH), migraine with (MA) and without aura (MwA) may show similar features. Our objective was to investigate the preheadache phases and trigger factors of these headache types. Questionnaires including trigger factors, ...

This study determined the prevalence of migraine and allergy in patients with Ménière's disease (MD) compared with age- and sex-matched controls. We tested the hypothesis that if migraine and MD is linked by allergy, then allergy should be more prevalent in patients with MD and migraine compared with MD patients ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine headache characteristics in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and in insomnia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-six OSAS patients and 50 insomnia patients were assessed in the same time period. Patients in both groups underwent an accurate interview to investigate headache occurrence and its characteristics. Results - Headache ...

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiological relationship between episodic migraine and chronic migraine is not fully understood. We aimed to examine transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) indices of cortical excitability in patients with episodic migraine (EM) and probable chronic migraine (PCM), and matched controls. METHODS: Cortical excitability was assessed at baseline with two well-established ...

The utility of the differences between cluster headache (CH) and paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) is limited by the considerable overlap of their clinical characteristics. We compared 54 patients with CH and eight patients with PH in terms of demographic features, characteristics of headache attacks, associated autonomic features, temporal forms of disorders, ...

The medical literature provides few opportunities for physicians to read and reflect on detailed, first-hand narratives of individual patient experiences. The author invited patients with cluster headache to respond in writing to a series of open-ended questions about their experience with the illness. The patient responses provide important information for ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of transcatheter patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure on migraine frequency in patients with paradoxical cerebral embolism. BACKGROUND: The prevalence of migraine headache is higher in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO than in the general population. Previous studies have suggested ...

We report 5-year follow-up data of patients following atrial septal defect (ASD) closure with the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). Patients completed a questionnaire related to symptoms pre- and post-ASO implantation. Complete transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess residual atrial septal defect, right ventricular volume overload, and degree of mitral regurgitation. ...

This study aimed to gain insight into the management of migraine and chronic daily headache (CDH) from the patients' perspective. This article outlines the patients' perceptions of migraine and chronic daily headache. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with patients suffering from IHS migraine. Five patients, due to their headache ...

Available studies offer only limited guidance on neuroimaging of non-acute headache patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of significant intracranial lesions in patients with headache and to determine the clinical variables helpful in identifying patients with intracranial lesions. All patients aged >or= 15 years attending ...

As part of an optimal strategy for the management of migraine, the individual needs and preferences of patients need to be considered when of patients need to be considered when prescribing treatments. Zolmitriptan has been available as a conventional oral tablet for more than seven years, and is established as ...

BACKGROUND: Frequent analgesic drug intake, especially in migraine patients, may induce the risk of medication overuse headache (MOH). The various conditions that may affect the development and the features of MOH have not been determined yet. AIM: To compare MOH patients with migraine as pre-existing headache and episodic migraine patients ...

Experimental studies in humans have shown that nitric oxide (NO) may play an important role in initiation of primary headaches. It has been proposed that activation of L-arginine-NO pathway and increased endogenous production of NO may be responsible for NO induced headache. NO is synthesized from L-arginine and that reaction ...

Cluster headache is the most severe of the primary headaches. Positron emission tomography and functional MRI studies have shown that the ipsilateral posterior hypothalamus is activated during cluster headache attacks and is structurally asymmetric in these patients. These changes are highly specific for the condition and suggest that the cluster ...

The aim was to investigate the lifetime prevalence of headache and primary headache (diagnoses according to International Headache Society criteria) in multiple sclerosis (MS). The relationships between headache and clinical features of MS and MS therapy were also investigated. We studied 137 patients with clinically definite MS; 88 reported headache, ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform further evaluation of laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) during migraine attacks using multichannel recording and topographic analysis. Specifically, this study aimed to confirm the pattern previously observed in acute migraine, while also defining the components of LEPs that are mainly modified during headache, ...

Methemoglobinemia is a rare complication that can occur with the use of benzocaine-containing compounds. Two cases of methemoglobinemia are reported, and the pathophysiology and treatment of methemoglobinemia are reviewed. Both patients received topical 20% benzocaine spray before endoscopy. Immediately following the procedure, there was a reduction in O2 saturation assessed ...

Two patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, one at the level of fourth thoracic spine and another with undetermined level of leak, presented with paradoxical postural headaches in that the headaches were present when in a horizontal position and resolved if the patients were upright. One patient improved spontaneously and ...

OBJECTIVES: This study of premonitory symptoms in migraine was performed to document the frequency, duration, and types of symptoms in a large group of migraine patients. BACKGROUND: Prodrome importance continues to be debated. Intervention early in the migraine attack is assuming more importance and necessitates better knowledge of the prodrome. ...

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (IHCP) is an uncommon disorder due to localized or diffuse thickening of the dura mater. While headache is the most common manifestation, the clinical characteristics of the headache in IHCP have not been well characterized. METHODS: From 1996 to 2002, 6 consecutive patients with IHCP ...

A 34-year-old male with a long-standing history of polysubstance abuse and depression was admitted for acute renal failure and hemodialysis secondary to ethylene glycol ingestion that occurred two days prior. The patient was admitted with documented ethylene glycol levels of 41.2 mg/dl, which fell to 25.0 mg/dl after 8 hours ...

Sydenham's chorea is still the most frequently seen form of acquired chorea in childhood in developing countries. Nine patients presented with Sydenham's chorea as one of the major criteria (one or more attacks) were evaluated their clinical characteristics and treatment. All patient were given sodium valproate. Clinical improvement began 11+/-4.0 ...

Japanese encephalitis is one of the major public health problems in Assam, northeast India. We aimed to elucidated the clinical and epidemiological profile of the disease during several outbreaks in Assam in 3 consecutive years. Cerebro-spinal fluid and or serum samples of 348 out of 773 clinically-suspected viral encephalitis patients ...

Cluster headache has not been fully investigated in Asians. One hundred and four patients (90M/14F; mean age 39.2 +/- 12.2 years) with cluster headache were recruited from two major headache clinics in Taiwan. They filled out a structured cluster headache questionnaire. All participants were diagnosed to have episodic cluster headache. ...

The aim of the present study was to report on the utility of continuous Pcsf monitoring in establishing the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension without papilledema (IIHWOP) in chronic daily headache (CDH) patients. We report a series of patients (n = 10) with refractory headaches and suspected IIHWOP referred to ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of thromboembolic risk factors and the effect of low-dose acenocoumarol therapy on migraine in patients who spontaneously reported a reduction of their migraine attacks during previous therapeutic use of anticoagulants. BACKGROUND: The positive effect of anticoagulants on migraine has been described in case reports and ...

Among 215 patients referred for percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) after presumed paradoxical embolism, we assessed the prevalence of migraine. In the year prior to PFO closure, 48 (22%) patients had migraine, twice the expected prevalence of 10 to 12% in the general European population. In patients with ...

BACKGROUND: Autonomic dysfunction has been reported in patients with migraine, and it may play a role in promoting attacks. OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in the autonomic function of migraineurs and patients with medication overuse headache via sympathetic skin response, and to determine whether psychiatric comorbidity is related to any changes ...

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine the etiology of headache in patients who were referred for sinus evaluation but were found to have no evidence of rhinosinusitis on computed tomography (CT) of the sinuses and on endoscopic examination. METHODS: Data were collected prospectively from 100 patients with headache but with ...

This study was designed to compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of 'cold-induced headache' between migraine and episodic tension-type headache patients. Seventy-six migraine and 38 episodic tension-type headache patients were included in the study. An experimental model of an 'ice-cream headache' was developed for the study. The pain occurrence period, ...

The use of instrumental examinations in headache patients varies widely. In order to evaluate their usefulness, the most common instrumental procedures were evaluated, on the basis of evidence from the literature, by an EFNS Task Force (TF) on neurophysiological tests and imaging procedures in non-acute headache patients. The conclusions of ...

BACKGROUND: Solitary cysticercus granuloma is the commonest imaging abnormality in Indian patients with new-onset seizures. Few patients, in addition, complain of disabling headache. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience of 16 patients with new-onset headache, seizures, and solitary cysticercus granuloma. METHODS: Sixteen consecutive patients, who had moderate to severe new-onset headache ...

Neurophysiologic studies suggest that migraineurs without aura have a dysfunction of cortical information processing in the pain-free interval. In this study, the advanced method of nonlinear multielectrode sleep-EEG analysis is used to investigate changes of cortical activity in the preictal time span. Five patients (four women, one man; age range, ...

Primary headaches or other chronic headaches can be triggered by sinonasal pathologies, or variations within the sinonasal tract. Establishing a cause and effect relationship between certain sinonasal conditions and chronic headaches can justify sinonasal surgery for the relief of headaches and provide considerable relief to a subgroup of patients with ...

Rhinologic headache, a headache of nasal origin, generally has been attributed to past facial trauma causing nasal mucosa-septal contact points. Patients who have not knowingly experienced nasal trauma may have contact points caused by mucosal inflammation or anatomic abnormalities (septal spurs, septal deviation, and enlarged turbinates) and can develop rhinologic ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety of frequent triptan use over extended periods. For a small group of patients with refractory migraine plus chronic daily headache, triptans are effective. METHODS: This retrospective study primarily evaluated the cardiac safety of daily triptan use in 118 patients and, in addition, hematologic tests were ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the frequency of cranial magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in patients with migraine and their relationship to type, duration, and frequency of migraine attacks. METHODS: Forty-five patients (43 women, 2 men) with migraine whose ages ranged between 19 and 53 years (mean, 40.91 [SD, 7.69]) were evaluated. Of ...

CONTEXT: Clinical series have suggested an increased prevalence of cerebral infarction and white matter lesions (WMLs) in migraine patients. It is not known whether these lesions are prevalent in the general migraine population. OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of brain infarcts and WMLs in migraine cases and controls from the ...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate neuroendocrine and behavioural responses to a challenge with the selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor citalopram (Cit) in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Cit was given intravenously (20 mg over 30 min) to 18 patients with SAD and 18 matched healthy ...

The present study is a 16-year follow-up study assessing the long-term outcome of migraine with aura (MA). Additionally possible predictive factors in the prognosis of MA were evaluated. Patients were recruited from the files of Danish headache clinics. A total of 53 patients (11M:42F) with MA (IHS criteria) participated in ...

Sexual dysfunction is a common complaint among patients taking selective serotonin reuptake-inhibiting (SSRI) antidepressants. Many options in managing this side effect have been described but none clearly is a first choice among clinicians. This paper describes the first published case of a patient having successful reversal of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction ...