v. 1. Principles of treatment.--v. 2. Tumors of the nervous system.--v. 3. Tumors of the head and neck.--v. 4. Tumors of the breast, chest, and esophagus.--v. 5. Tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, biliary system, and liver.--v. 6. Tumors of the female genitalia.--v. 7. Tumors of the male genitalia and ...

We know today that environmental factors must be regarded as a significant cause of the urinary bladder carcinoma. In Germany, the urinary bladder carcinoma is the second most common urological tumor among men and the most common among women and more than 100 occupational bladder cases are recognized and compensated ...

INTRODUCTION:: The aim of this study was to describe associations between lung tumor location and smoking as well as selected occupational exposures. In the context of lung cancer screening by computed tomography scan, tumor location may have an interest. Computed tomography scan is known to better detect more peripheral tumors. ...

A 72-year-old man was referred to the Service of Ophthalmology due to a 2-year history of ptosis and a painless mass in the lateral orbital margin of the right eye. Orbital MRI revealed a well-demarcated lesion in the superotemporal quadrant of the orbit. After surgical excision, histopathological examination led to ...

A 40-year-old man presented with a progressively growing left orbital mass producing proptosis. Orbital MRI revealed a large bilobed mass that was isointense with respect to the extraocular muscles on T1-weighted images and demonstrated heterogenous contrast enhancement. T2-weighted images revealed a markedly heterogenous internal appearance with fluid-fluid levels. The mass ...

Tumor volume is an important predictor of outcome in radiotherapy alone. Its significance in concomitant chemoradiation (CCRT) is much less clear. We analyzed the prognostic value of primary tumor volume for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with CCRT. Three hundred sixty patients treated with definitive CCRT ...

We investigated the effects of vandetanib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), alone and in combination with paclitaxel in an orthotopic mouse model of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The in vitro effects of vandetanib (ZACTIMA) were ...

Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is an important regulator of apoptosis, survival, and proliferation in cancer cells. SphK1 expression in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) cell lines and tumor tissue was assessed, and the efficacy of SphK1 knockdown in increasing tumor radiosensitivity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. ...

Kimura's disease is a rare inflammatory disease that mainly affects Asians and most often occurs in the deep lymph nodes of the head and neck. We report on a rare case of Kimura's disease in the hard palate of a white man. A 56-year-old white man was seen with a ...

Primary cardiac synovial sarcoma is a rare disease. A 51-year-old man visited our hospital with the chief complaint of palpitations and shortness of breath while exercising. Copious bloody pericardial effusion and a multicystic intrapericardial tumor were detected. A primary cardiac malignant tumor was suspected, an open-chest tumor resection was performed ...

An orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignancy in children, but clinical findings are typical. We detail the case of an 8-year-old female with orbital RMS and discuss the therapeutic options. Orbital RMS was apparent with painless exophthalmos of the right globe and diplopia. Head MRI showed tumor masses ...

Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in surgical margins of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a predictor of recurrence and patients with minimal residual disease may benefit from adjuvant therapy with temsirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. The effects of 3 weekly doses of 25 mg ...

Accumulating evidence suggests that self-renewal and differentiation capabilities reside only in a subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), whereas the remaining tumor cell population lacks the ability to initiate tumor development or support continued tumor growth. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), as with other ...

Sphingolipids, components of cellular membranes in eukaryotic cells, have roles in the regulation of tumor growth, inflammation, angiogenesis, and immunity. We investigated the effects of dietary glucosylceramides, sphingolipids isolated from rice bran, on tumor growth of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor cell line SCCKN cells isolated ...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of viable tumor in postchemoradiation neck dissection specimens in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the laryngopharynx. METHODS: Retrospective analysis identified 181 patients treated with primary concurrent chemoradiation for carcinoma of the laryngopharynx at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center ...

Failure to remove tumor cells from the larynx significantly increases the risk of local recurrence following surgical excision. Healthy tissue must be preserved to optimize long-term vocal and swallowing function. It is essential to accurately distinguish between healthy mucosa, dysplasia, and invasive carcinoma. Optical and molecular examining technologies have been ...

The objective of our study was to analyze the incidence and location of second and subsequent tumors in patients after an index head and neck carcinoma. A retrospective study was made by reviewing clinical data prospectively collected from 3631 patients with head and neck cancer. Incidence, location, and histology of ...

The two leading models that have been used to explain tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are the stochastic clonal evolution model, in which many tumor cells are individually capable of recapitulating the entire tumor mass, and the cancer stem hierarchy model, in which only rare ...

There have been no studies undertaken on the effect of the multidisciplinary head and neck tumor board on treatment planning. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the multidisciplinary tumor board in altering diagnosis, stage, and treatment plan in patients with head and neck tumors. Case ...

Overexpression of ErbB receptors is frequent in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and seems to be correlated with tumor progression and metastasis. Fatty acid synthase (FASN), the key lipogenic enzyme responsible for the endogenous synthesis of fatty acids, is regulated by ErbB2 and overexpressed in several human malignancies. ...

Gallbladder cancer has an extremely poor prognosis because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. We describe a 63-year-old woman who was treated 4 years previously for gallbladder cancer, with laparoscopic cholecystectomy and secondary hepatectomy after presenting with acute cholecystitis and gallbladder rupture. At her second presentation, she had ...

Targeting the molecular pathways associated with carcinogenesis remains the greatest opportunity to reduce treatment-related morbidity and mortality. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), also known as CD147, is a cell surface molecule known to promote tumor growth and angiogenesis in preclinical studies of head and neck carcinoma making it an excellent ...

BACKGROUND.: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of various types of orbital lesions seen at a comprehensive cancer center in the United States. METHODS.: In this retrospective case series, we reviewed the medical records of 268 consecutive patients referred to our orbital oncology service for evaluation ...

C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1) is a transcriptional co-repressor and metabolic sensory protein, which often represses tumor suppressor genes. Hence, we sought to determine if CtBP1 affects expression of the tumor suppressor Brca1 in head and neck tissue, as downregulation of Brca1 begins at the early stages of head and ...

Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are defined by their ability to form tumors after xenotransplantation in immunodeficient mice and appear to be relatively rare in most human cancers. Recent data in melanoma indicate that the frequency of TICs increases dramatically via more permissive xenotransplantation conditions, raising the possibility that the true frequency ...

Brown tumors appear in advanced stages of hyperparathyroidism. Only 17 cases have been documented in the orbit. We report a case of a young woman with a brown tumor in the orbital roof. Secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal disease was detected during the preoperative study. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and ...

Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant disease of childhood, and it often arises from either the adrenal gland or along the sympathetic chain. The authors report a case of a 20-month-old female with a presumed primary neuroblastoma of the orbit. Radiologically, the tumor showed a brightly enhancing mass lesion of ...

In accord with the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, only a small subset of cancer cells are capable of forming tumors. We previously reported that CD44 isolates tumorigenic cells from head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Recent studies indicate that aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity may represent a more specific ...

Orbital exenteration is a rare radical procedure used for the treatment of locally invasive or potentially life threatening orbital tumors. The procedure results in significant visual and psychosocial disability. Recently there has been a shift toward a subtotal extenteration with maximum preservation of orbital tissue and globe in appropriate cases. ...

Although rare, orbital metastatic tumors may be the initial presentation of an asymptomatic primary carcinoma. We report a rare case, with clinicopathological correlation, of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, presenting first in the orbit with symptoms of diplopia, blurring of vision and supraorbital ache. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the ...

Highly vascularized malignant soft-tissue tumors can clinically and radiologically mimic deep hemangiomas. We present a case of congenital rhabdomyosarcoma of the neck, which was initially identified as congenital hemangioma.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is a key regulator of epithelial cell proliferation, immune function and angiogenesis. Because TGFβ signaling maintains epithelial homeostasis, dysregulated TGFβ signaling is common in many malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Defective TGFβ signaling in epithelial cells causes hyperproliferation, reduced apoptosis and ...

A new class of regulatory molecules known as microRNAs (miRNAs) is redefining our understanding of the molecular pathways associated with tumorigenesis. These miRNAs are small noncoding RNA (ncRNA) sequences with potent regulatory potential. The aberrant expression of miRNAs has been associated with the development of various tumors. It has been ...

Recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a difficult cancer to treat. Here, we describe a patient with HNSCC who had complete response to methotrexate (MTX) after progressing on multiple cytotoxic agents, cetuximab, and AMG-479 (monoclonal antibody against insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor [IGF-1R]). The clinical information was collected ...

Saliva is of major importance in taste, speech, swallowing, and protection against dental caries. Neck dissection surgery and/or radiotherapy may impair the function of the submandibular glands. Over the years, there has been a trend toward more conservative approaches to neck dissection. Metastasis to the submandibular gland itself is extremely ...

Head and neck cancer can cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the potential usefulness of a computerized system for segmenting lesions in head and neck CT scans and for estimation of volume change of head and neck malignant tumors in response to treatment. CT scans from ...

The association of human papillomavirus with the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas has been better elucidated over the past 20 years. In this review article, we examine the role of the virus in the development of these tumors. We discuss the clinical and pathologic features of human ...

Orbital disorders, especially tumors, are rare and may be dealt with by different specialists, making it difficult for any one group to gain substantial experience with these conditions. However, orbital tumors, like many other rare diseases, are optimally managed by those with the greatest expertise. In this article, we review ...

Head and neck cancers are heavily infiltrated by immune cells, the significance of which is complex. The natural immune response against head and neck tumors, including anti-human papillomavirus (HPV) T cells, and humoral responses has been clearly documented. However, during the course of tumor progression, co-option of the immune system ...

To evaluate cetuximab treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts and cell lines, we investigated a preclinical model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC-1, FaDu, CAL27, UM-SCC-5 and UM-SCC-22A were used to generate subcutaneous flank xenografts in SCID ...

Heparanase activity is highly implicated in cell dissemination associated with tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Heparanase expression is induced in many hematological and solid tumors, associated with poor prognosis. Heparanase homolog, termed heparanase 2 (Hpa2), was cloned based on sequence homology. Detailed characterization of Hpa2 at the biochemical, cellular, and ...

BACKGROUND: Cavernous hemangioma is a frequent and the most common, primary, benign tumor of the orbit in adults. It is typically single and unilateral, considered not to recur after having been completely excised. Multiple orbital cavernous hemangiomas without signs of hemangiomatosis are rare. Multiple cavernous hemangiomas may recur after a ...

OBJECT: The authors assessed the safety and efficacy of embolization of head, neck, and spinal tumors with Onyx and determined the correlation between tumor embolization and intraoperative blood loss. METHODS: The authors prospectively collected all head, neck, and spinal tumors embolized with Onyx at their institution over a 28-month period. ...

Radioimmunotherapy with yttrium-90-ibritumomab tiuxetan may result in hemorrhagic tumor necrosis with acute orbital and intracranial inflammation.

Proton beam radiation therapy (PBRT) has unique physical properties (e.g., Bragg Peak) that limit the amount of normal tissue irradiated in the head and neck region while maximizing the radiation delivered to the tumor. Radiation therapy is commonly used in both the primary and adjuvant setting for many head and ...

A rare case of leiomyosarcoma in the neck was presented. Several common characteristics of head and neck leiomyosarcoma were summarized in this case: the low-grade behavior of this tumor, the difficulty of aspiration cytology to provide accurate morphologic classification of this like most other soft tissue tumors, the necessity for ...

To investigate the efficacy of targeting polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) combined with ionizing radiotherapy (RT) for head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Polo-like kinase 1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was targeted by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection into the FaDu HNSCC cell line; reduction was confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain ...

A high lactate content in malignant head and neck cancer (Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, HNSCC) is associated with a higher risk of metastatic spread and lower overall patient survival. However, until present, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Here, a systematic comparison of glucose metabolism in HNSCC ...

Capillary hemangiomas are the most common periocular and orbital tumors of childhood that typically arise in infancy. Though the diagnosis is frequently made on clinical examination, various diagnostic modalities may be helpful in initial evaluation and follow-up. Tests may be necessary in diagnosing suspect cases or aid in the differentiation ...

PURPOSE: To report the technique and the outcome of modified (enlarged) enucleation via lateral orbitotomy for choroidal melanomas with massive extrascleral extension. METHODS: 5 patients with choroidal malanoma with massive, circumscribed perioptic/posterior extrascleral extension underwent modified enucleation via lateral orbitotomy. After lateral orbitotomy and orbital mass exposure with direct tumor ...