The ability to metastasize represents the most important characteristic of malignant tumors. The biological details of the metastatic process remain somewhat unknown, due to difficulties in studying tumor cell behaviour with high spatial and temporal resolution in vivo. Several lines of evidence involve transglutaminases (TGs) in the key stages of ...

PURPOSE: Recently, several microRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to be involved in the modulation of glioma development. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of miR-181d on the growth of glioma and to investigate whether this growth is modulated by targeting K-ras and Bcl-2. METHODS: Real-time PCR was ...

K-Ras mutations are frequent in colorectal cancer (CRC), albeit K-Ras is the only Ras isoform that can elicit apoptosis. Here, we show that mutant K-Ras directly binds to the tumor suppressor RASSF1A to activate the apoptotic MST2-LATS1 pathway. In this pathway LATS1 binds to and sequesters the ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 ...

The aim of this study is to investigate antitumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-incorporated glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were prepared by electrostatic interaction between RA and amine group of GC. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles have spherical shape and their particle size was 317±34.5nm. They were simply reconstituted ...

PURPOSE: EGFR targeted therapy is in clinical use to treat squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and other cancers of lining epithelium. Ras mutations in these tumors are a negative prognostic factor for response and skin inflammation is an adverse reaction to therapy. We investigated transcriptional and biochemical ...

The ARF tumor suppressor is a potent sensor of hyper-proliferative cues emanating from oncogenic signaling. ARF responds to these cues by eliciting a cell cycle arrest, effectively abating the tumorigenic potential of these stimuli. Prior reports have demonstrated that oncogenic Ras(V12) signaling induces ARF through a mechanism mediated by the ...

α(V) β(3) Integrins are a widely recognized target for in vivo molecular imaging of pathological conditions such as inflammation, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. We have evaluated the sensitivity of a new, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), RGD cyclic probe (DA364) in noninvasive detection of α(V) β(3) integrin-overexpressing tumors. DA364's binding affinity for ...

The main aim of treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should be to achieve clinical remission to prevent structural damage and physical disability. Arthrofoon modifies production/activity of endogenous inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The sublingual rout is the most acceptable to ambulatory treatment because it does not produce the ...

We herein report the 5α-reductase inhibitors, antiviral and anti-tumor activities of some synthesized heterocyclic cyanopyridone and cyanothiopyridone derivatives fused with steroidal structure. Initially the acute toxicity of the compounds was assayed via the determination of their LD(50). All the compounds, except 3b, were interestingly less toxic than the reference drug ...

Aberrant activation of rat sarcoma (Ras) signaling contributes to the development of a variety of human cancers, including gliomas. To determine the dependence of high-grade gliomas on continued Ras signaling, we developed a doxycycline-regulated Kirsten Ras (KRas) glioma mouse model. We previously demonstrated that KRas is required for the maintenance ...

Activation of v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) and Ras pathways is often implicated in carcinogenesis. However, the oncogenic cooperation between these two cascades in relationship to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains undetermined. To investigate this issue, we generated a mouse model characterized by combined overexpression of activated forms ...

The concept of targeting cancer therapeutics towards specific mutations or abnormalities in tumor cells which are not found in normal tissues has the potential advantages of high selectivity for the tumor and correspondingly low secondary toxicities. Many human malignancies display activating mutations in the Ras family of signal-transducing genes or ...

Accumulating evidence shows that microRNAs, functioning as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors by negatively regulating downstream target genes that are actively involved in tumor initiation and progression, may be promising biomarkers and therapy targets. Data mining through microRNA chip database indicated that let-7c may be associated with tumor metastasis. Here, ...

PURPOSE:: To report the successful treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated scleritis with the tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist certolizumab pegol. METHODS:: Retrospective case report of therapeutic interventions for a 47-year-old woman with scleritis and RA. After not tolerating treatment with other tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors and rituximab, or after ...

EphrinA1 binding with receptor EphA2 suppresses malignant mesothelioma (MM) growth. The mechanisms whereby EphrinA1 attenuates the MM cell (MMC) growth are not clear. In this study, we report that the activation of MMCs with EphrinA1 leads to an induction of let-7 microRNA (miRNA) expression, repression of RAS proto-oncogene and the ...

Honokiol, widely known as an anti-tumor agent, has been used as an anti-angiogenesis drug lead. In this paper, 47 honokiol analogs and derivatives were investigated for their anti-angiogenic activity by application of the transgenic zebrafish screening model, anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity against HUVECs and three tumor cell lines by MTT ...

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is an extremely rare metabolic bone disease and the occult offending tumor arising in facies cranii is even more uncommon. In this report, we described 2 middle-aged females with TIO caused by the tumor in facies cranii, which had ever been misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. Case 1 ...

Both RAS and Hedgehog (HH) pathway activation can be found in approximately one third of all cancers. In many cases, this activation occurs in the same tumor types, suggesting a positive impact of a simultaneous activation of RAS and HH on tumor development. This review aims to summarize the current ...

Hyperostosis is the most common skull change associated with meningioma. Five hyperostosis cases of meningioma en plaque infiltrating the skull processed without previous decalcification of the bone tissue were investigated histologically and immunohistochemically with antibodies against somatostatin receptor 2A (SSR2A). Undecalcified bone biopsies embedded in methylmethacrylate and paraffin-embedded extraosseous tumor ...

Incisional biopsies from the oral cavity of 2 adult cats were submitted for histological investigation. Cat No. 1 showed a solitary well-circumscribed neoplasm in the left mandible. Cat No. 2 demonstrated a diffusely infiltrating neoplasm in the left maxilla. Both tumors consisted of medium-size epithelial cells embedded in a fibrovascular ...

We report a 42-year-old woman who presents a few days after a spontaneous incomplete abortion at the ninth week of pregnancy with hypertension and nephrotic syndrome. Curettage findings and increased values for the β subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin were suspicious for a trophoblastic disease. A uterine placental site trophoblastic ...

PEGylation of adenovirus (Ad) increases plasma retention and reduces immunogenicity, but decreases the accessibility of virus particles to target cells. We tested whether PEGylated Ad conjugated to Herceptin (Ad-PEG-HER) can be used to treat Her2/neu-positive cells in vitro and in vivo to demonstrate the therapeutic feasibility of this Ad formulation. ...

Pyogenic granuloma is benign soft tissue tumor which mainly occurs in gingiva, lips, tongue and finger. We report the patient of pyogenic granuloma in the distal phalanx of the index finger of the rheumatoid patient. The tumor enlarged rapidly and surgical excision was performed. Pathological examination showed lobular hyperplasia of ...

The Notch signaling pathway is essential for normal development due to its role in control of cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. It is also critically involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. A key enzyme in the activation of Notch signaling is the gamma-secretase protein complex and therefore, gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs)-originally ...

Retinoic acid (RA) has been approved for the differentiation therapy of neuroblastoma (NB). Previous work revealed a correlation between glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75) and the RA-elicited neuronal differentiation of NB cells. The present study further demonstrated that GRP75 translocates into the nucleus and physically interacts with retinoid receptors (RARα and ...

ABSTRACT Extrarenal Wilms tumor (ERWT) is a well-established entity which most commonly arises within the genitourinary tract, including intracoelomic paranephric soft tissue. Rarely, ERWT arises within teratoma, and it tends to occur predominantly in distinct settings, such as females with spinal defects and males with testicular teratomas. We report a ...

Teratoid Wilms tumor is an unusual variant of nephroblastoma in which heterologous tissue predominates. Typically, histopathologic examination shows a mixture of mature squamous and mucus-producing columnar epithelium and a prominent component of mature adipose tissue. The treatment of this tumor has not been established because of its rarity with some ...

Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric renal neoplasm, but few molecular prognostic markers have been identified for this tumor. Somatic deletion in the long arm of chromosome 16 (16q) is known to predict a less favorable outcome in Wilms tumor, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not known. We ...

Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) is a transcription factor with a multitude of downstream targets that have wide-ranging effects in non-glioma cell lines. Though its expression in glioblastomas is now well-documented, the role of WT1 in these tumors remains poorly defined. We hypothesized that WT1 functions as an oncogene to enhance ...

Extrarenal Wilms tumor is extremely rare, and only 25 cases in children have been reported to date in Japan. A 2-year-old girl presented with a large left lower quadrant abdominal mass. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a retroperitoneal tumor located below the left kidney. At laparotomy, the tumor was encapsulated without ...

This case report documents the eighth reported case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occurring after treatment of Wilms tumor. Although secondary malignancies after treatment of Wilms tumors are not infrequent, RCC as the second malignancy is rare. We discuss a 17-year-old girl whose RCC was diagnosed 12.5 years after diagnosis ...

The combination of hyponatremia and renovascular hypertension is known as hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome (HHS) and so rarely described in children but associated with various kinds of occlusions of the renal artery. We describe two children who presented HHS with severe hypokalemia, polyuria, and polydipsia associated with Wilms tumor, which required treatment ...

We describe a 4-year-old female patient with a persistent paraspinal mass following chemotherapy for Wilms tumor. A discordant response to chemotherapy prompted biopsy of the persistent mass, which revealed a ganglioneuroma. This report highlights the synchronous occurrence of different tumors in the same patient, and suggests that repeat biopsies should ...

Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma are childhood tumors of the kidney and undifferentiated neural crest cells, respectively. Both disorders are primarily sporadic, but familial Wilms tumor pedigrees and familial neuroblastoma pedigrees are each well recognized and account for approximately 1-3% of each tumor type. Families with Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma in ...

A case of the rare, benign, Wilms' tumor (WT) variant, metanephric adenofibroma (MAF), is presented. The patient is a 21-year-old female with an incidentally discovered enhancing renal mass. The diagnosis, workup and treatment are outlined. The 19 cm renal mass was ultimately resected via robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Pathologic diagnosis at ...

OBJECTIVE: To review nephrectomy specimens for pediatric renal tumors seen over a period of 9 years (1995-2003). STUDY DESIGN: Specimens categorized as fetal rhabdomyomatous Wilms tumors (WTs) or teratoid WTs were selected. Corresponding fine needle aspiration cytology slides were subjected to cytomorphologic analysis. RESULTS: Of 93 specimens of WT, 3 ...

Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric kidney cancer. To identify transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms that drive this disease, we compared genome-wide chromatin profiles of Wilms tumors, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and normal kidney. Wilms tumors prominently exhibit large active chromatin domains previously observed in ESCs. In the cancer, these ...

Abstract Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been suggested to be a marker for stem cells and progenitor cells in human fetal kidney and Wilms tumors. In this tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical study, we confirmed the expression of NCAM in Wilms tumors, nephrogenic rests, and metanephric mesenchyme and its early derivatives ...

Tumors of the solid viscera are one of the most common types of pediatric malignancies. Due to the intra-abdominal location of many of these neoplasms, laparotomy and/or bowel resection are often necessary, predisposing patients to postoperative intestinal obstruction. Additionally, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may lead to acute and chronic bowel ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the 2008-2009 literature on pediatric genitourinary tumors and highlight the most significant publications. RECENT FINDINGS: New techniques such as gene expression profiling, PET, nephron-sparing surgery, and stem cell transplantation are being incorporated into contemporary treatments for pediatric patients with genitourinary tumors. The WTX gene is ...

We report the uncommon clinical course of a female with right-sided hemi-hyperplasia. At the age of 2 years and 2 months, a small spherical lesion of the right kidney was detected by ultrasound and magnetic resonance tomography. When the patient was 4 years and 7 months, the very slowly growing ...

Wilms' tumor gene WT1 encodes a transcription factor and plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation. The WT1 gene is highly expressed in leukemia and various types of solid tumors, whereas WT1 is a tumor marker convenient for the detection of minimal residual disease of leukemia. The WT1 ...

Wilms Tumor (WT) is a very rare malignancy in adults representing 1% of all renal neoplasms. It is however the most common renal tumor of children and adult patients are treated like pediatric cases. Bilateral tumors occur in 5% of adult cases. The typical presenting features are asymptomatic abdominal mass ...

Wilms' tumor (WT), the most common pediatric renal malignancy, is associated with mutations in several well-characterized genes, most notably WT1, CTNNB1, WTX, and TP53. However, the majority of cases do not harbor mutations in these genes. We hypothesized that additional drivers of tumor behavior would be contained within areas of ...

PURPOSE: Raman spectroscopy has been successfully demonstrated as an effective tool for tissue characterization and diagnosis, but nearly all studies have interrogated adult tissues and diseases. In this study, we demonstrate the application of Raman spectroscopy and its background autofluorescence for pediatric Wilms' tumor diagnosis. METHODS: Eight tumors were measured ...

Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant solid tumor of the kidneys in children. Extrarenal Wilms' tumor is extremely rare. Herein, we report an 8-month-old boy with a chief complaint of frequent micturition and dysuria for 10 days. Physical examination and ultrasonography evaluation revealed simultaneous involvement of neoplasms in the ...

The Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) gene is overexpressed in leukemia and various types of solid tumor, such as lung and colorectal cancer, and plays an oncogenic role in their tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of WT1-targeting cancer immunotherapy in clinical settings. As expression of WT1 protein in tumor ...

Wilms tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. However, to date no Wilms tumor mouse model is available due to the lack of Wilms tumor cell lines. Herein for the first time we report an orthotopic xenograft mouse model utilizing the recently described Wilms tumor cell line ...

Wilms' tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. Survival has improved dramatically over time as a result of prospective randomized clinical trials conducted by the pediatric cooperative cancer groups. Current research is directed toward identifying low-risk patients for whom a reduction in treatment intensity would decrease long-term ...

Wilms' tumor (WT) is the most common primary malignant renal tumor in children and usually presents as an abdominal mass. Rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma is a rare histologic variant of WT. Herein we report an unusual case of WT with rhabdomyomatous differentiation presenting with hematuria and the passage of tissue via the ...