Rare congenital tumors can be localized in the peribulbar area. Here we report an unusual case presented in a 3-year-old child with a history of a congenital tumor in the lacrimal caruncle of the right eye, associated with epiphora and constant discomfort. A surgical resection was performed, and the final ...

Congenital fibrosarcomas are malignant tumors that arise in soft tissues. In infants this unique tumor does not commonly metastasize, even though there may be local recurrences. We report here a boy who had congenital fibrosarcoma in his right foot, which was completely excised at the age of 3 days. Four ...

Congenital malignant gliomas are rare brain tumors about which few reports have been published. We present the clinical course and genetic alterations in an infant with a congenital malignant glioma detected incidentally by ultrasonography at 36 weeks. The tumor occupied the right temporoparietal region, extended to the posterior fossa, and significantly ...

Increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor expression has been found at the sites of angiogenesis, particularly in tumor growth areas, as compared with quiescent vasculature. An increase in VEGF receptor-2 is associated with colon cancer progression. The in vivo detection of VEGF receptor is of interest for the purposes ...

Brain tumors of the fetus and neonate are uncommon entities, compared with those of the older child and adolescents. They differ from those occurring in the older child and adolescent in several ways, including the tumor histology, tumor location, and overall prognosis. In this article, we review the most common ...

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is most common in the second decade of life. Congenital PNET is very rare. Ocular metastasis of PNET is likewise exceedingly rare; with only 5 previously published cases. We report an unusual congenital PNET of the face, which metastasized to subcutis, eyes, and brain. The primary ...

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is known as a very rare malignant tumor of the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It typically develops during adolescence and adulthood, with pediatric and infantile cases, particularly congenital ones, being much less frequent. We report a neonate with congenital DFSP. A newborn girl presented with a ...

We report the case of a large leg tumor in a fetus at 36 weeks of gestation. The tumor's location, ultrasound characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings enabled a prenatal diagnosis of congenital fibrosarcoma and allowed us to establish the prognosis. After multidisciplinary discussion, it was decided that the ...

Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are considered to be formed from aberrant adrenal tissue that has become hyperplastic because of elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). A 6-year-old boy presented with testicular enlargement and pubic hair. He was diagnosed with CAH complicated by precocious ...

Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to tumor-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and inhibits tumor angiogenesis. In 2004, the antibody was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma in combination with chemotherapy. This report describes the preclinical evaluation ...

Perfusion CT is an attractive technique to assess tumor vascularity, and no studies have addressed the relationship between CT perfusion imaging and gastric tumor angiogenesis with volume-based technique. This study aims to assess the correlation between perfusion CT parameters using a volume-based technique and immunohistochemical markers of angiogenesis in gastric ...

Extracellular domains of the transmembrane glycoprotein, neuropilin-1 (Np1), specifically bind an array of factors and co-receptors including class-3 semaphorins (Sema3a), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor BB, transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1), and fibroblast growth factor2 (FGF2). Np1 may have a role in immune response, ...

The etiology and histogenesis of granular cell tumor are still debated. Granular cell tumor of the newborn is considered to be a different entity than the adult form of this lesion with different immunohistochemical features. We present a case of a rare gingival granular cell tumor in a newborn and ...

EphA2 overexpression predicts poor prognosis in endometrial cancer. To explore mechanisms for this association and assess its potential as therapeutic target, the relationship of EphA2 expression to markers of angiogenesis was examined using patient samples and an orthotopic mouse model of uterine cancer. Expression of EphA2, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone ...

Targeting the tumor vasculature by vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) has shown therapeutic activity in mouse models. In most cases, however, VDA efficacy is substantially compromised by the inability of these drugs to completely kill tumor cells located at the periphery of the tumor mass. In this study, we investigated anti-tumor ...

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm with poor prognosis. The main reason for this disappointing outcome is the strong behavior of esophageal cancer cell's invasion and metastasis. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was found to be expressed in many tumors and significantly correlated with invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and ...

Deguelin, a rotenoid of the flavonoid family, has been reported to possess antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic activities in several cell lines and tumor models. However, it is still unclear whether deguelin effectively inhibits tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Since tumor production of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF)-D was associated with ...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered to be a major angiogenic factor responsible for the development of tumor vasculature. The aim of this study was to image VEGF expression with (64)Cu-labeled anti-VEGF antibody (bevacizumab) non-invasively, and to see whether or not the expression was correlated with tumor accumulation in ...

Cell migration plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, including tumor metastasis. Tumor cell migration is increased through the sequential induction of HIF-1α and VEGF under hypoxic conditions. Thymosin β-4 (Tβ4) is an actin-sequestering protein which controls cytoskeletal reorganization. Here, we investigated whether tumor cell migration could ...

The development of metastases has been shown to be associated with the microvascular density of the primary tumor in some clinical studies and with the extent of hypoxia in others. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of these apparently inconsistent observations and to reveal possible links ...

Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are hormonally active sex cord stromal tumors accounting for 3-5% of all ovarian cancers. These tumors are generally diagnosed at an early stage but there is a high risk of recurrence, associated with high mortality. Treatment of recurrent GCTs is difficult, and biologically targeted treatment ...

Tumors induce new blood vessel growth primarily from host organ microvascular endothelial cells (EC), and microvasculature differs significantly between the lung and liver. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF or VEGF-A) promotion of tumor angiogenesis is thought to be mediated primarily by VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). In this study, VEGFR-2 antibody (DC101) ...

Clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) prominently expresses vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and new treatment strategies for renal cell cancer (RCC) aim at the inhibition of VEGF-VEGF receptor signaling. This study explores the ability of (111)In-bevacizumab scintigraphy to depict RCC and to evaluate response to neoadjuvant treatment with sorafenib, ...

Both natural and synthetic cannabinoids have been shown to suppress the growth of tumor cells in culture and in animal models by affecting key signaling pathways including angiogenesis, a pivotal step in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. In our search for cannabinoid-like anticancer agents devoid of psychoactive side effects, we ...

The first generation of clinically useful antiangiogenic agents focused on VEGF and targets in the VEGF pathway. The strengths and limitations of these therapeutics are now clear. Some tumors do not respond to VEGF-directed therapies de novo and others become non-responsive or resistant over time by switching to other angiogenic ...

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significances of p53, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in colorectal cancer. The tumor tissues of 311 patients with colorectal carcinoma that had undergone potentially curative resections were immunohistochemically assessed using monoclonal antibodies ...

To evaluate the anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis effect of curcumin-K30 solid dispersion (Cur-K30) on tumors in vivo. Growth inhibition rates of the tumor cells was measured with MTT method. Tumor inhibition was detected by tumors transplanted subcutaneously in mice treated with Cur-K30 [50, 100, and 200 mg/(kg · d)]. The expressions ...

Lymphatic metastasis plays a critical role in ovarian cancer, indicates poor prognoses and correlates to the majority of cancer deaths. Camptothecin derivatives exhibit promising activity for the treatment of solid tumors because of its specific inhibition of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I. Yet, its application is hindered due to extreme water ...

In this study, the mechanism by which Ad-p27mt inhibits the growth, invasion and metastasis of transplanted liver tumor was studied by examining the effects of Ad-27mt gene transfer on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, VEGF and MMP-9 in the transplanted liver tumors in nude mice. The model of transplanted hepatic ...

The role of angiogenesis in the transformation of peripheral neurofibroma (PNF) to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) remains elusive and forms the objective of this study. Archival tissue from 5 children with NF1 and PNF, who developed MPNST between the ages of 8 and ...

CD98 has been associated with tumor growth and is highly expressed in human neoplasms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of CD98 expression in thymic epithelial tumors. Forty-nine patients with thymic epithelial tumors were included in this study. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for ...

Induction of angiogenic responses by multiple factors, a crucial step in tumor growth and metastasis, is not completely understood. Recently, involvement of the cytoskeletal actin-binding proteins in angiogenesis has been suggested as a target for anti-neovascular cancer therapy in vitro. In this study, the expression of filamin A (FLNA) and ...

SU11248 is a selective inhibitor of certain protein kinases including VEGFR types 1-3 that are expressed in human breast cancer. The present study determines whether the anti-tumor activity of SU11248 results from the inhibition of angiogenesis, as well as direct anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects on breast tumors. Eight-wk old female ...

Growth of solid tumor depends on angiogenesis, a process regulated by the balance of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. We investigated the expression of anti-angiogenic factor pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and proangiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) with immunohistochemistry in 64 bladder tumor samples and 23 ...

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the clinicopathological role of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cortactin, as well as whether their expression are independent predictors of tumor recurrence following curative resection of gastric cancer. METHODS: One hundred twenty-eight patients with gastric cancer were included in this study. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens ...

BACKGROUND: There seems to be a close interplay between angiogenesis and the immune system. The authors of this report investigated the prognostic role of angiogenic markers in coexpression with immune system markers in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Tumor resection samples from 335 patients with stage I ...

Metastases from primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) account for the majority of the ∼10,000 non-melanoma skin cancer deaths in the United States annually. We studied lymphangiogenesis in human SCC because of the potential link to metastasis. SCC samples were stained for lymphatic endothelial vessel marker LYVE-1 and positive cells ...

Both vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) and osteopontin (OPN) can directly induce tumor angiogenesis, which is essential for the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Here we engineered a bispecific antibody (VEGF/OPN-BsAb) using the anti-VEGF-A antibody bevacizumab and the anti-OPN antibody hu1A12. Compared with hu1A12 alone and bevacizumab alone, ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between maspin expression and prognostic parameters in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with relevance to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and microvessel density. METHODS: One-hundred twenty-four patients with RCC of varying histologic types who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy were studied. The mean age of ...

Angiogenesis is one of the key acquired characteristics or "hallmarks" essential for the growth and development of all solid tumor types. The antiangiogenic agent vascular endothelial growth factor-Trap (VEGF-Trap) (aflibercept), which is a composite decoy receptor based on VEGF receptor-1 and VEGF receptor-2 fused to an Fc segment of immunoglobulin ...

Bladder tumor is one of the most common genitourinary tumors. Management of non-muscle invasive (NMI) bladder tumors is primarily by transurethral resection (TURBT) followed by intravesical immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the most effective adjuvant therapy in NMI bladder tumor. Since angiogenesis is an essential factor in solid ...

This study aimed to investigate the functional difference between hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). We evaluated the correlations between HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression and the clinical-pathologic characteristics of 97 patients with OSCC by immunohistochemical staining. OSCC cell lines transfected with lentivirus encoding short ...

Pathological characteristics and biological behaviors of tumor are considered to result from pathological tissue remodeling regulated by the interaction of factors in the tumor microecosystem (TMES). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the factors that probably play an important role in the process of tissue remodeling. This study ...

Notch signaling plays a key role in embryonic vascular development and angiogenesis. The authors aimed to study the prognostic role of the angiogenesis-related Notch ligands and receptors and investigate the prognostic impact of the coexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and Notch signaling. Tumor tissue samples from 335 resected ...

To investigate the association of serum levels of proangiogenic cytokines with different indices of social support and loneliness by measuring the levels of expression of two important proangiogenic cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interleukin-6 in tumors of colon and rectum. Lack of social support has been prospectively associated ...

We compared the differences in a number of angiogenesis-related immunohistochemical parameters, including microvascular density (MVD) and tumor cell activity, between multiple myeloma (MM) and solitary plasmacytoma (SP). Tissue sections from tumors of MM and SP were immunohistochemically stained and analyzed using ImageJ image analysis software for the expression of vascular ...

Angiogenesis, the physiological process of sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is a key biological feature of almost all cancers. Among the multitude of factors driving tumor angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent, exerting myriad effects on vascular pruning and sprouting, permeability, network formation, ...

Vascular endothelial growth factor is a potent pro-angiogenic growth factor which is also known to alter tumor microenvironment by inhibiting dendritic cell differentiation and promoting accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In the present study, we analyzed the modifications induced by intratumoral expression of sFLT-1, a soluble VEGF receptor, in a ...

Two vascular growth factor families, VEGF and the angiopoietins, play critical and coordinate roles in tumor progression and metastasis. A single inhibitor targeting both VEGF and angiopoietins is not available. Here, we developed a chimeric decoy receptor, namely double anti-angiogenic protein (DAAP), which can simultaneously bind VEGF-A and angiopoietins, blocking ...

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenil)-ethanol (DPE), a polyphenol present in olive oil, has been found to attenuate the growth of colon cancer cells, an effect presumably related to its anti-inflammatory activity. To further explore the effects of DPE on angiogenesis and tumor growth we investigated the in vivo efficacy of DPE in a HT-29 ...