PURPOSE: To develop chelating ligand-bound nanoliposomes (NLPs) for the prevention and reversal of β-Amyloid (Aβ) aggregation associated with promoting neurotoxicity in Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS: Four different chelating ligands (CuAc, EDTA, histidine and ZnAc) were surface-engineered onto NLPs using either covalent or non-covalent conjugation. Successful conjugation of chelating ligands onto ...

Copper is known to exert diverse effects on the self association of proteins and has been found in amyloid deposits that are involved in neurodegenerative disease processes. The effects of the metal ion on the protein during fibrillation were investigated by fluorescence, circular dichroism spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. We report ...

A new strategy was explored to generate pure gold cluster ions, Au(n) (+/-) , from gold films deposited on solid substrates via a matrix-assisted laser ablation technique. The gold films deposited on SiO(2) -particle-assembled photonic crystals were demonstrated to be the most ideal compared with the films deposited on various ...

The roles of metal ions in promoting amyloid β protein (Aβ) oligomerization associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly recognized. However, the detailed structures dictating toxicity remain elusive for Aβ oligomers stabilized by metal ions. Here, we show that small Zn2+-bound Aβ1-40 (Zn2+-Aβ40) oligomers formed in cell-culture medium exhibit quasi-spherical ...

The formation of mineralized deposits in human articular cartilage is a common occurrence [1-4]; however, the relationship between mineral deposition and material properties of the articular cartilage is not well understood nor the relationship between mineral deposition and the development of degenerative joint disease. Several different crystalline structures have been ...

Under favorable conditions of pH and temperature, poly(L-glutamic) acid (PLGA) adopts different types of secondary and quaternary structures, which include spiral assemblies of amyloid-like fibrils. Heating of acidified solutions of PLGA (or PDGA) triggers formation of β2-type aggregates with morphological and tinctorial properties typical for amyloid fibrils. In contrast to ...

Crystalline biominerals do not resemble faceted crystals. Current explanations for this property involve formation via amorphous phases. Using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM), here we examine forming spicules in embryos of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchins, and observe a sequence of three mineral phases: hydrated ...

In this paper, we report on many phosphate containing natural minerals found in the Jenolan Caves - Australia. Such minerals are formed by the reaction of bat guano and clays from the caves. Among these cave minerals is the montgomeryite mineral [Ca(4)MgAl(4)(PO(4))(6)·(OH)(4)·12H(2)O]. The presence of montgomeryite in deposits of the ...

Metal ions associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides have been suggested to be involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but this remains unclear and controversial. Some attempts to rationally design or select small molecules with structural moieties for metal chelation and Aβ interaction (i.e., bifunctionality) have been made to ...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the amount of Zn in gold alloys contributes to porcelain-metal bonding. METHODS: Experiments were carried out using a commercial Pd-free gold alloy with a nominal composition of 88.7wt% Au, 9.49wt% Pt, 1.5wt% Zn, 0.1wt% Mn, 0.2wt% Rh, and 0.1wt% Ir, ...

In several bone deproteination protocols the chemical agent used for protein cleavage is hydrazine. The effect of hydrazine deproteination method on the crystal size and crystallinity of the bone mineral was studied. Bovine bones were subjected to this protocol and the crystal size and crystallinity of the remaining bone mineral ...

The two minerals borickyite and delvauxite CaFe(4)(3+)(PO(4),SO(4))(2)(OH)(8)·4-6H(2)O have the same formula. Are the minerals identical or different? The minerals borickyite and delvauxite have been characterised by Raman spectroscopy. The minerals are related to the minerals diadochite and destinezite. Both minerals are amorphous. Delvauxite appears to vary in crystallinity from amorphous ...

Highly concentrated metals such as Cu, Zn, and Fe are found in amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques within the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that metal binding to Aβ could facilitate Aβ aggregation and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could contribute to the ...

We report a periodically patterned organization of hierarchical ZnO twin-crystals on a planar substrate in a biomimetic solution process. The deposition of the porous complex ZnO structure on specific sites of the substrate is achieved by introduction of the substrate surface modification and gelatin in a hydrothermal crystallization of ZnO.

Eleven new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, polysperlignans A-K (1-11), and eight known analogues (12-19) were isolated from the stems of Kadsura polysperma. Their structures and absolute configurations were established using a combination of MS, NMR, CD, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Selected compounds were evaluated for activity against β-amyloid- or hydrogen peroxide-induced ...

The crystallization enthalpy measured in a large series of amorphous silicon (a-Si) materials varies within a factor of 2 from sample to sample (Kail et al 2011 Phys. Status Solidi RRL 5 361). According to the classical theory of nucleation, this variation should produce large differences in the crystallization kinetics leading to ...

The Ediacaran Doushantuo biota has yielded fossils that include the oldest widely accepted record of the animal evolutionary lineage, as well as specimens with alleged bilaterian affinity. However, these systematic interpretations are contingent on the presence of key biological structures that have been reinterpreted by some workers as artefacts of ...

Coordination of a cyclometallated Pt(ii) complex (1) to an amyloid-β peptide was probed by NMR and ESI-MS. Furthermore, EPR showed that binding of 1 to the Cu(ii)-amyloid-β species resulted in a reshuffling of the Cu(ii) coordination sphere, which was absent or lower for the sister non cyclometallated Pt(ii) complexes.

The first microfluidic method for accurately depositing monodisperse single MOF crystals is presented, enabling unprecedented high-throughput, yet flexible single-crystal printing. Individual droplets of MOF precursor solutions are actuated over a matrix of hydrophilic-in-hydrophobic micropatterns for the controlled generation of femtoliter droplets. As such, thousands of monodisperse single MOF crystals are ...

Metal ions, especially Zn2+ and Cu2+, are implemented in the neuropathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by modulating the aggregation of amyloid-ß peptides (Aß). Also, Cu2+ may promote AD neurotoxicity through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Impaired metal ion homeostasis is most likely the underlying cause of aberrant metal-Aß interaction. ...

A method for the para-selective alkynylation of anilines is reported using AuCl as catalyst and triisopropylsilylethynyl-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one (TIPS-EBX) as an electrophilic acetylene equivalent. Para-alkynyl anilines substituted at positions 2 or 3 were obtained in one step from simple anilines under mild conditions (room temperature to 60 °C) under air. The methodology ...

We report an ultrafast and sensitive hydrogen (H(2)) sensing platform using semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) decorated with tin oxide (SnO(2)) nanocrystals (NCs). The hybrid SnO(2) NC-SWCNT platform shows a response time of 2-3 seconds to 1% H(2) under room temperature and can fully recover within a few minutes in ...

Because of the remarkably high theoretical energy output, metal-air batteries represent one class of promising power sources for applications in next-generation electronics, electrified transportation and energy storage of smart grids. The most prominent feature of a metal-air battery is the combination of a metal anode with high energy density and ...

A mild and efficient Cu(2)O-catalyzed domino intramolecular C-N coupling/C-Y (Y = O, S, N) bond formation was successfully achieved. Thus oxazino[3,2-a]indole, thiazino[3,2-a]indole and indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline derivatives were facilely assembled from readily accessible gem-dibromovinyl systems. The protocol is general and practical, affording a variety of the indole-incorporated products in good to excellent ...

High resolution proton spectra are obtained in MAS solid-state NMR in case samples are prepared using perdeuterated protein and D(2)O in the recrystallization buffer. Deuteration reduces drastically (1)H, (1)H dipolar interactions and allows to obtain amide proton line widths on the order of 20 Hz. Similarly, high-resolution proton spectra of ...

The social, organizational, and technological complexity of high-risk organizations creates a strong need for coordination. Joint activity in such systems thus relies both on formal coordination and on a set of informal coordinative practices. Coordinated joint activity is documented in this paper from two perspectives: the development of coordinative practices ...

Amyloid [Formula: see text]-protein (A[Formula: see text]) is central to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. A 5% difference in the primary structure of the two predominant alloforms, A[Formula: see text] and A[Formula: see text], results in distinct assembly pathways and toxicity properties. Discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) studies of A[Formula: see ...

Kinetic measurements of amyloid growth provide insight into the free energy landscape of this supramolecular process and are crucial in the search for potent inhibitors of the main disorders with which it is associated, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and Type II diabetes. In recent years, a new class of ...

Four new oleanene-type triterpenoid saponins together with six known saponins were isolated from the roots of <em>P</em><em>ulsatilla cernua</em> and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, including 2D NMR spectra and chemical evidence. Among these one of the aglycones (gypsogenin) is reported for the first time from ...

Microbial carbon capture cells (MCCs) were constructed with cyanobacteria growing in a photo biocathode in dual-chambered flat plate mediator-less MFCs separated by an anion exchange membrane from the anode compartment containing Shewanella putrefaciens. The performance of the MCC with Anabaena sparged with CO(2)-air mixture was compared with that of a ...

In this paper, a solid molecular basket sorbent, 50 wt% PEI/SBA-15, was studied for CO(2) capture from gas streams with low CO(2) concentration under ambient conditions. The sorbent was able to effectively and selectively capture CO(2) from a gas stream containing 1% CO(2) at 75 °C, with a breakthrough and ...

Air-stable, room-temperature emissive di(2-naphthyl)disilene, protected by the bulky 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octaethyl-s-hydrindacen-4-yl (Eind) groups, can emit light in an organic light-emitting diode, thus providing the first experimental demonstration of electroluminescence from the heavy group 14 unsaturated compounds.

By stepwise catenation of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentasilane units persila[n]staffanes (n=1, 2, and 3) were synthesized as air-stable colorless crystals. A remarkable red-shift of the UV/Vis absorption bands with increasing number of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentasilane units suggests remarkable interactions between bridgehead SiSi σ orbitals and between cage SiSi σ orbitals.

The beneficial effect of a TiO(2)-based photocatalytic treatment on the indoor air purification of a swine farm has been evaluated in a trial performed in two identical mechanically ventilated traditional weaning units, with 391 animals lodged in each of them. One unit was used as reference, whereas the walls of ...

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process which has been the subject of a huge amount of studies related to air cleaning and water purification. All these processes have been carried out mainly by using TiO(2)-based materials as the photocatalysts and ca. 75% of the articles published in the last ...

Structure analysis using single-crystal diffraction was carried out as a contribution to the dispute about the nature of the water channel structure of bassanite (CaSO(4)·0.5H(2)O). A recent result of Weiss & Bräu (2009) for the crystal structure of bassanite (monoclinic, space group C2) at ambient conditions of air humidity was ...

In this study, the characteristics of total water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and isolated WSOC fractions were examined to gain a better understanding of the pathway of organic aerosol production. 24 h PM(2.5) samples were collected during the summer (July 28-August 28, 2009) at an urban site in Korea. A glass ...

Treatment of [Os(bpy)(2)Cl(2)] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) with 2-aminoethanethiolate was accompanied by air oxidation to give [Os(2-aminoethanesulfinato-N,S)(bpy)(2)](+) ([1](+)), which was further oxidized by air to be converted into [Os(2-iminoethanesulfinato-N,S)(bpy)(2)](+) ([2](+)) under photoirradiation. Complex [2](+) was reverted back to [1](+) by treatment with BH(4)(-).

Freshwater lakes are known to release carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and methane (CH(4)) to the atmosphere; however, the importance of lakes in global nitrous oxide (N(2)O) budgets is not yet known. Further, despite the abundance of small lakes on the landscape, neither emissions of these gases nor their drivers are well ...

ABSTRACT: Improperly abandoned gas wells threaten human health and safety as well as pollute the air and water. In the next twenty years, tens of thousands of new gas wells will be drilled into the Marcellus, Utica, and Upper Devonian shale formations of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania currently requires production companies to ...

Adsorbed species and its diffusion behaviors in GeO(2)∕Ge stacks, which are future alternative metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) materials, have been investigated using various physical analyses. We clarified that GeO(2) rapidly absorbs moisture in air just after its exposure. After the absorbed moisture in GeO(2) reaches a certain limit, the GeO(2) starts to ...

A field campaign on aerosol chemical properties and trace gases measurements was carried out along the Delhi-Hyderabad-Delhi road corridor (spanning about 3,200 km) in India, during February 1-29, 2004. Aerosol particles were collected on quartz and cellulose filters using high volume (PM(10)) sampler at various locations along the route (i.e., urban, ...

The even-aged northern hardwood forests of the Upper Great Lakes Region are undergoing an ecological transition during which structural and biotic complexity is increasing. Early-successional aspen (Populus spp.) and birch (Betula papyrifera) are senescing at an accelerating rate and are being replaced by middle-successional species including northern red oak (Quercus ...

Solid materials with different structure containing C and N were analyzed by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Comparing the emission molecular species in different atmosphere (air and argon), it can be determined that whether the molecular species are directly vaporized from sample or generated through dissociation or the interaction between plasma ...

The study as probes for CO sensing of a family of binuclear rhodium(II) compounds of general formula [Rh2{(XC6H3)P(XC6H4)}n(O2CR)4-n]•L2 containing one or two metallated phosphines (in a head-to-tail arrangement) and different axial ligands has been conducted. Chloroform solutions of these complexes underwent rapid color change, from purple to yellow when air ...

Uniform yolk-shell V(2)O(5) microspheres were synthesized via a facile template-free solvothermal route and subsequent calcination treatment in air. The resulting cathode materials showed a high specific capacity of 220 mA h g(-1) after 30 cycles and good rate capability.

A new homoleptic sublimable indium(iii) guanidinate, (In[(N(i)Pr)(2)CNMe(2)](3) (1), was synthesized from a facile high-yield procedure. Compound 1 crystallized is a P1[combining macron] space group; a = 10.5989(14) Å, b = 11.0030(15) Å, c = 16.273(2) Å, α = 91.190(2)°, β = 96.561(2)°, γ = 115.555(2)°; R = 3.50%. Thermogravimetric analysis ...

The strongly near-IR-active mixed-valence diruthenium complex [Ru(2)TIEDCl(4)]Cl, where TIED = tetraiminoethylenedimacrocycle, was found to be a highly active catalyst for air oxidation of HS(-) forming polysulfide species and H(2)O(2). The reaction provides a convenient method for the detection of the HS(-) generation rate of a H(2)S donor of medical importance.

Sr(2)FeMnO(5+y) was synthesized under two different conditions, in air and in argon, both of which resulted in a cubic, Pm3̅m, structure with no long-range ordering of oxygen vacancies. The unit cell constants were found to be a(0) = 3.89328(1) Å for argon (y = 0.0) and a(0) = 3.83075(3) Å ...

In the presence of PhSiH(3) as the hydride donor, catalytic amounts of non-racemic dipyridylphosphine and an easy-to-handle cobalt salt Co(OAc)(2)·4H(2)O formed in situ an effective catalyst system for the asymmetric reduction of a diverse range of aryl alkyl ketones with moderate-to-excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). This approach tolerated the ...