The recently described facultatively anaerobic Promicromonospora pachnodae is phylogenetically only moderately related to authentic members of Promicromonospora. P. pachnodae is closely related to Xylanibacterium ulmi and slightly less closely related to Xylanimonas cellulosilytica and Isoptericola variabilis (basonym Cellulosimicrobium variabile). Members of the different genera of Promicromonosporaceae have similar chemotaxonomic properties; ...

Insect-protected corn hybrids containing event MON 863 protect corn plants against feeding damage from corn rootworm (Diabrotica), a major North American insect pest. Corn event MON 863 contains a gene that expresses an amino acid sequence variant of the wild-type Cry3Bb1 insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis. The purpose of this ...

Bacteria living in the deep-sea have several unusual features that allow them to thrive in their extreme environment. Most isolated strains are not only piezophilic but also psychrophilic. In this short review, we summarize the current knowledge about psychrophiezophilic microorganisms with regard to their taxonomy and cellular fatty acids composition. ...

By analyzing transmembrane (TM) helices in known structures, we find that some polar amino acids are more frequent at the N terminus than at the C terminus. We propose the asymmetry occurs because most polar amino acids are better able to snorkel their polar atoms away from the membrane core ...

The amino acid compositions of 11 Gram-positive and 12 Gram-negative eubacteria were determined from their complete genomes. They were classified into two groups, 'S-type' represented by Staphylococcus aureus and 'E-type' represented by Escherichia coli, based on their patterns of amino acid compositions determined from the complete genome. These two groups ...

The ionic compositions of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm (PM2.5) and size-resolved aerosol particles were measured in Big Bend National Park, Texas, during the 1999 Big Bend Regional Aerosol and Visibility Observational study. The ionic composition of PM2.5 aerosol was dominated by sulfate (SO4(2-)) and ...

The preparation of carbon nanotube (CNT)/copper composite electrodes, based on co-mixing CNT and Cu powders within mineral oil, is described. The new composite electrode is used for improved amperometric detection of carbohydrates following their capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchip separations. The CNT/Cu composite electrode detector displays enhanced sensitivity compared to detectors ...

MOTIVATION: Knowledge of how proteomic amino acid composition has changed over time is important for constructing realistic models of protein evolution and increasing our understanding of molecular evolutionary history. The proteomic amino acid composition of the Last Universal Ancestor (LUA) of life is of particular interest, since that might provide ...

PURPOSE: To determine the in vitro bond strength of three laboratory composites repaired with their corresponding direct repair composites using various combinations of surface treatments and primers. METHODS: The effects of three surface treatments (600-grit as a control, air abrasion with 50-microm Al2O3 particles and 8% hydrofluoric acid etching) and ...

Sheep/goat forequarters procured from freshly slaughtered animals were decontaminated with hot water and inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The forequarters were individually spray washed with 2% lactic acid and 1.5% acetic + 1.5% propionic acid combination. Total viable count (TVC) of the treated meat ...

The mechanical properties of recently developed bioactive, antidemineralizing/remineralizing, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-based composites need improvement. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of structure and composition of resins on the biaxial flexure strength (BFS) and the degree of conversion (DC) of composites attained after photo-polymerization. Two series ...

Glyphosate tolerant wheat MON 71800, simply referred to as MON 71800, contains a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) protein from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4 (CP4 EPSPS) that has a reduced affinity for glyphosate as compared to the endogenous plant EPSPS enzyme. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the compositional equivalence ...

To investigate the genetic factors that affect fatty acid composition of beef, we compared the full-length bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) cDNA from 20 Japanese Black steers. Two types of the SCD gene with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the ORF of SCD cDNA, in which an amino acid ...

Alterations in the phospholipid (PL) composition of spermatozoal membranes occur during the fertilization process. Furthermore, membrane lipid composition is of high interest with respect to cryopreservation. The PL and fatty acid compositions of human and boar spermatozoa are compared by using matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF ...

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease linked to the lack of the dystrophin, a submembrane protein, leading to muscle weakness and associated with a defect of the lipid metabolism. A study of the fatty acid composition of glycerophosphatidylcholines by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) and tandem ...

AIMS: To isolate an antagonist for use in the biological control of phytopathogenic fungi including Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, then to purify and characterize the biocontrol agent produced by the antagonist. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bacteria that exhibited antifungal activity against the causative agent pepper anthracnose were isolated from soil, with Bacillus thuringiensis ...

Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) belonging to the family Cruciferae grown in India, Europe and US is an underutilized crop. The edible whole seed is known to have health promoting properties. Hence, it was assumed that these seeds can be a functional food. A preliminary work on chemical composition of seeds ...

Trophic-niche differentiation is often cited as a main factor in structuring zooplankton assemblages, although field evidence for this is rarely presented. The study was based on a survey of 29 Pyrenean lakes with altitudes ranging between 1,875 and 2,990 m carried out during July and August 2000. Because of the ...

The diversity of bacterial populations colonizing spatially and temporally separated samples of the same metal-working fluid (MWF) formulation was investigated. Analyses were performed with a view to improve strategies for bioaugmentation of waste MWF in bioreactor systems and prevention of in-use MWF biodeterioration in engineering workshops. Significantly, complementary phenotypic, genotypic ...

We evaluated effects of medium composition, including basic amino acid content and pH, on susceptibility to carbapenems such as imipenem, panipenem and meropenem, in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Susceptibility to carbapenems was reduced by basic amino acids in the medium, while susceptibilities to ceftazidime and aztreonam were not. Among ...

The influence of two different carbon sources and three incubation temperatures on the mycolic acid compositions of three Rhodococcus isolates from activated sludge was examined using Selective Ion Monitoring (SIM) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Considerable qualitative and quantitative differences were detected in the mycolic acid compositions of the three very ...

Oyster farming is of real economic interest in France. Oyster farmers attach more and more importance to improving the growth and the quality of their oysters. Some fatty acids known to be aroma precursors originate from microalgae such as Skeletonema costatum and Tahitian isochrysis clone. These microalgae were used to ...

Oyster farming in France is a traditional activity. Each year, 149 000 tons of oysters are fattened before being sold. More and more oyster farmers supplement the diet of oysters by microalgae to optimize the fattening process and to improve both the growth and flesh quality of oysters. In the ...

Nano-HAp-ZrO(2) powders and HAp-TZP(3Y) composites have been fabricated in this work. The results show that nano-HAp-ZrO(2) powders with homogeneous distribution could be synthesized by two-step precipitation method. HAp-TZP(3Y) composites with small grain size could be sintered at relatively low temperatures and very short dwelling time by using SPS technology. No ...

Changes in the quantitative composition of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in maturing sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) seeds were determined by lipase hydrolysis. As a whole, the rate of synthesis of separate TAG classes increased in proportion to both their unsaturation and relative content (weight percent) in total TAGs. Up to the ...

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a plant that has significant economical value and medicinal importance for human health. It is consumed in large quantities by people, therefore, it has a very important place in the public nutritive habits. Turkey has a very good walnut population of walnut varieties when compared ...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of scaffold composition on the physical properties, adhesion, and growth of bovine articular chondrocytes on polylactic acid (PLA)/polyglycolic acid (PGA) composites. Nonwoven meshes of PGA were coated with PLA, using a solvent evaporation technique that resulted in composites with fractional ...

The predatory coccinellid Harmonia axyridis is a polyphagous species, efficient at controlling certain aphid species and already commercialized in Europe for that purpose. The complete development of this predator can be accomplished using the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum or Ephestia kuehniella eggs as substitution prey. Biochemical analyses were conducted on the ...

Cotton gin residue (CGR) collected from five cotton gins was fractionated and characterized for summative composition. The major fractions of the CGR varied widely between cotton gins and consisted of clean lint (5-12%),hulls (16-48%), seeds (6-24%), motes (16-24%), and leaves (14-30%). The summative composition varied within and between cotton gins ...

Sea cucumbers possess a peculiar specialized defense system: the so-called Cuvierian tubules. The system is mobilized when the animal is mechanically stimulated, resulting in the discharge of a few white filaments, the tubules. Their great adhesivity, combined with their high tensile strength, allows Cuvierian tubules to entangle and immobilize potential ...

The composition of glyphosate-tolerant (Roundup Ready) corn event NK603 was compared with that of conventional corn grown in the United States in 1998 and in the European Union in 1999 to assess compositional equivalence. Grain and forage samples were collected from both replicated and nonreplicated field trials, and compositional analyses ...

Known statistical techniques have been applied to the free amino acid composition of 107 samples from 10 different almond cultivars (Marcona, Desmayo-Largueta, Guara, Tuono, Ferragnes, Masbovera, Non Pareil, Titan, Texas, and Primorskyi) cultivated in seven different locations and growing conditions. It is concluded that free amino acid composition can constitute ...

Elastic fibres have been generally considered to play no significant role in the mechanical functioning of the intervertebral disc since earlier studies reported that the elastic fibre network was sparse and irregular. However, a recent study has reported that the network is highly organized and that the distribution and orientation ...

To define plant 'nutritional quality' for aphids, the causal basis of the variation in aphid performance between host plants of different developmental ages was explored using the aphids Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae on potato plants (Solanum tuberosum). Both aphid species performed better on developmentally young ('pre-tuber-filling') plants than on ...

Radix Astragali (root of Astragalus; Huangqi) is a popular traditional Chinese medicine, and Astragalus membranaceus and A. membranaceus var. mongolicus are two commonly used species; however, there are many Astragalus species that could act as adulterants of Radix Astragali. To find the chemical composition of Radix Astragali, the main constituents ...

Free amino acid composition and carbohydrate and protein concentration of the hemolymph of the pupal and adult stages of reproductives of Solenopsis invicta are presented. The physico-chemical properties of the hemolymph differ between both sexes of fire ants during development. Male alates (459 mmol/kg) have a higher osmolality than pupae ...

A graphite-Teflon-tyrosinase composite biosensor for the determination of benzoic acid in foodstuffs is reported. The biosensor functioning is based on the inhibition effect of benzoic acid on the biocatalytic activity of the enzyme in a reversed micelle working medium formed with ethyl acetate as the continuous phase, a 0.05 moll(-1) ...

The chemical composition of the brown alga Cystoseira crinita Bory from the Eastern Mediterranean was investigated. Fourteen sterols have been identified, five of them for the first time in algae. The structure of one new sterol was established. The origin of seven sterols with short side chains was discussed. In ...

Synthetic solutions containing amino acids, sugar, water, and yeast nutrients have been fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the volatile composition of the fermented media has been analyzed by GC. Eleven amino acid compositions imitating the characteristic amino acid profile of 11 different grape varieties were tested. Significant differences in the ...

Aerosol particles produced over forested areas may affect climate by acting as nuclei for cloud condensation, but their composition (and hence the chemical species that drive their production) remains an open question. Here we show, to our knowledge for the first time, that these newly formed particles (3-5 nm in ...

The impact of 82°C hot water (HW) or 5% lactic acid (LA) applied aerobically or by vacuum to beef trimmings prior to grinding on Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 1769NR; ST), Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775; EC), coliform (CO), aerobic plate count (APC), instrumental color and sensory characteristics of ground beef through simulated ...

Two hundred ninety-three Japanese Black Wagyu steers derived from 34 sires were used to investigate genetic effects on the fatty acid composition of carcass fat. All steers were fed identical diets for 365 d and slaughtered at similar ages. If the percentage of genetic contribution of sire A, B, or ...

Antimicrobial effects of selected acidulants in a ground beef production system were studied. Lean beef trimmings were inoculated with Escherichia coli (EC) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) then treated with either 5% acetic acid, 5% gluconic acid (GA) or 5% trisodium citrate and then compared with an untreated control (C). Trimmings ...

The sterol and fatty acid compositions of four amphotericin B-resistant and of two amphotericin B-susceptible Candida lusitaniae clinical isolates were determined. A flow cytofluorometric susceptibility test (FCST) with a membrane potential-sensitive cationic dye was used as a complement to the conventional method for selecting the isolates. Compared to susceptible isolates, ...

The seed fatty acid (FA) compositions of Abietoids (Abies, Cedrus, Hesperopeuce, Keteleeria, Pseudolarix, and Tsuga) are reviewed in the present study in conclusion to our survey of Pinaceae seed FA compositions. Many unpublished data are given. Abietoids and Pinoids (Pinus, Larix, Picea, and Pseudotsuga)-constituting the family Pinaceae-are united by the ...

The objective of this work was to examine the role of ash in the compositional analysis of dried dairy manures. Ninety-nine dairy manures obtained from Connecticut, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania and Virginia were dried at 60 degrees C, and ground to 20 mesh. Samples were analyzed for neutral and acid ...

The free amino acid compositions in archaeobacteria, eubacteria, protozoa, blue-green alga, green alga, slime mold, plants and mammalian cells were analyzed, to investigate whether changes in their free amino acid compositions reflect biological evolution. Cell homogenates were treated with 80-90% ethanol to separate cellular proteins and free amino acids contained ...

Thirty species of flowering plants were analyzed for floral nectar amino acid composition. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used in conjunction with AccQtag derivatization to produce accurate and precise data. For any one species, the total concentration of amino acids varies greatly (average coefficient of variation 0.65), but composition is ...

Previous studies showed that the cellular amino acid composition obtained by amino acid analysis of whole cells, differs such as eubacteria, protozoa, fungi and mammalian cells. These results suggest that the difference in the cellular amino acid composition reflects biological changes as the result of evolution. However, the basic pattern ...

Seeds of the Indian tribal pulses Canavalia gladiata (red and brown varieties), C. ensiformis and C. virosa were analysed for their physical characters, proximate composition, minerals, amino acid composition, dietary fibre constituents, starch fractions, fatty acid profiles and various antinutritional and/or toxic factors. Among the different species/varieties of Canavalia, the ...