Acanthamoeba sp. isolated from the drinking water system of a hospital harboured gram-negative bacteria multiplying inside phagosomes and within the cytoplasm of their host cells. According to their morphology demonstrated by electron microscopy they resembled Llaps (Legionella-like amoebal pathogens) but turned out to be Cytophaga sp. as shown by a ...

The influence of species and muscle on the intramuscular fat content, cholesterol content and fatty acid composition of Greater and Lesser Rhea meat were evaluated. Muscle has no influence (P>0.05) on any of these characteristics. Neither intramuscular fat (1.23%) nor cholesterol content (57 mg/100 g) differed (P>0.05) between species. Despite ...

Hansenula polymorpha Pex14p (HpPex14p) is a component of the peroxisomal membrane essential for peroxisome biogenesis. Here, we show that HpPex14p is phosphorylated in vivo. In wild-type H. polymorpha cells, grown in the presence of [32P]orthophosphate, the 32P label was incorporated into HpPex14p. Labelled HpPex14p was induced after a shift of ...

The aim of this study was to further characterize the major metabolite of 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-(R,S)-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP). METHODS: Radioactive components of 131I-BMIPP were evaluated in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts, as well as in blood samples from 20 patients after injection of 123I-BMIPP. Rat hearts were perfused with pH 7.4 Krebs-Henseleit buffer with ...

Two acidic glycosphingolipids (gangliosides) derived from mouse macrophage membranes and separated by thin-layer chromatography have a strong cytostatic effect on human and mouse tumor cells. The structure of the two gangliosides, named M phi G1 and M phi G2, was elucidated by application of physicochemical and immunochemical methods. Gas chromatography ...

A new ceramide consisting of 6-hydroxysphingosine linked to a non-hydroxyacid was found in human epidermal lipid. This ceramide was sought because its fatty acid and sphingoid moieties are present in other combinations in human epidermal ceramides. To isolate the new ceramide, the mixture of ceramides in human epidermal lipid was ...

An acid-stable soybean-peroxidase biosensor was developed by immobilizing the enzyme in a sol-gel thin film. Methylene blue was used as a mediator because of its high electron-transfer efficiency. The sol-gel thin film and enzyme membrane were characterized by FT-IR, and the effects of pH, operating potential, and temperature were explored ...

A tetradentate chelating agent constituting of an iminodiacetic acid group and a nitrogen atom of pyridine, N-(2-pyridylmethyl)iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA), was coordinated with 99mTc and evaluated as a renal functional agent. The complex of PMIDA with 99mTc was prepared by using a stannous chloride solution as a reducing agent. The chelating ...

The deposition of amyloid in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD). Amyloid deposits consist of accumulations of beta-amyloid (Abeta), which is a 39-43 amino-acid peptide cleaved from the Abeta-protein precursor (APP). Another cleavage product of APP is the P3-peptide, which consists of the amino acids 17-42 of ...

Thirty-one thighs were obtained from Iberian pigs fattened with acorns and were processed during 22 months in the traditional dry-curing process. Lipolysis affecting intramuscular fat during the processing of Iberian dry-cured ham has been analyzed by studying the changes of glycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids in lipids from Biceps ...

The uptake of [14C]benzoic acid, 4-chloro[14C]benzoic acid, [3H]phthalic acid and [14C]salicylic acid in the nasal passages and brain was determined following a unilateral intranasal instillation in mice. An uptake of radioactivity from the nasal mucosa to the ipsilateral olfactory bulb was observed up to 4 h after administration following intranasal ...

The retention of 18 steroids was determined on an alumina HPLC column and in TLC carried out on alumina layers using dichloroethane-dioxane mixtures as eluents. R(M0)-values of steroids decreased linearly with increasing concentration of dioxane in the eluent. The adsorption capacity and specific hydrophilic surface area of steroids were not ...

The lipophilicities of fourteen anticonvulsant active N-substituted amides of alpha-arylalkylamine-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid [I-XIV] have been determined by reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography with a mixture of methanol, TRIS buffer, and acetic acid as the solvent system. The RM value of each compound decreased linearly with increasing concentration of methanol. The partition coefficients (log ...

To understand the role of NMAA in the bonding of composite resin to a dentin surface, we investigated the effects of N-methacryloyl amino acid (NMAA) application on the expansion of aggregated collagen fibers, formation of a hybrid layer, and the tensile bond strength between composite resin and dentin. Four NMAA ...

Two muscles, the m. gastrocnemius and m. iliofibularis, were excised from the left legs of six Red Neck (Struthio camelus massaicus) and six Blue Neck (Struthio camelus australis) ostriches and analysed for lipid and cholesterol content and fatty acid composition. Total lipid (1.43 g 100g ) and cholesterol content (65.63 ...

We have studied the incorporation of radioactivity from either [3-3H]serine as the direct or [3H-methyl]methionine as the indirect precursor into sphingoid bases of free ceramides in lymphocytes from fish. Radioactivity from serine was incorporated mostly in the sphingosine moiety of ceramides. In contrast, the radioactivity from methionine was exclusively incorporated ...

The acidic glycolipid fraction (AF) of the porcine, parasitic nematode, Ascaris suum , consisted of two subfractions. The major component AF II reacted with orcinol-sulfuric acid and molybdate, while the minor component AF I gave a positive reaction with azure-A, a cationic dye specific for sulfatides. Sugar constituent analysis, methanolysis, ...

The MIDI automated Microbial Identification System (MIS) uses gas chromatography (GC) analysis of whole-cell fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) between 9 and 20 carbons in length to characterize a wide range of bacterial genera and species, including mycobacteria. Mycolic acid cleavage products (MACPs) with chain lengths of C22 to C26 ...

A novel family of peptide antimycotics, termed ecomycins, is described from Pseudomonas viridiflava, a plant-associated bacterium. Ecomycins B and C have molecular masses of 1153 and 1181. They contain equimolar amounts of a beta hydroxyaspartic acid, homoserine, threonine, serine, alanine, glycine and one unknown amino acid. Fatty acids were detectable ...

Culture of Desulfovibrio vulgaris in a medium supplemented with 5-aminolevulinic acid and L-methionine-methyl-d3 resulted in the formation of porphyrins (sirohydrochlorin, coproporphyrin III, and protoporphyrin IX) in which the methyl groups at the C-2 and C-7 positions were deuterated. A previously unknown hexacarboxylic acid was also isolated, and its structure was ...

Seeds of oat (Avena sativa L.) were recently shown to contain significant quantities of a new hydroxy acid, (15 R)-hydroxy-(9Z),(12Z)-octadecadienoic acid (trivial name, avenoleic acid). In the present work, avenoleate was found to be mainly (63%) localized in the glycolipid fraction of oat seed lipids. Fractionation of the glycolipids by ...

Halorhodopsin, isolated from Halobacterium salinarium cells incubated with tritiated palmitic acid, co-elutes with labeled palmitate in phenylsepharose CL-4B chromatography. Halorhodopsin-bound 3H-palmitate is not readily displaced by prolonged exposure to a large excess of detergents and by re-chromatography of radiolabeled halorhodopsin on phenylsepharose. On other hand, the association of labeled palmitate ...

Cerebrosides were isolated from the leech species, Hirudo medicinalis, and purified to homogeneity by silicic acid chromatography, followed by preparative thin-layer chromatography. Their structure was determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. 1D and 2D 1H NMR spectroscopy, DQF-COSY and HMQC indicated that the head group consists of a single galactose ...

The activity of the enzyme involved in catalyzing the formation of fatty acid anilides can be measured by quantitating the fatty acid anilides formed. We have shown earlier that oleic acid is the most preferred substrate among other fatty acids studied for the conjugation with aniline. The reaction product (oleyl ...

Three Mycobacterium genavense strains and three American Type Culture Collection reference strains each of Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium simiae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were subcultured onto Mycobacteria 7H11 agar (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) supplemented with mycobactin J (Allied Laboratories, Fayette, Mo.). After 4 weeks of incubation at 37 degrees C in 10% ...

Maillard reaction in dehydrated orange juice stored at 30 or 50 degrees C and a(w) = 0.44 was studied. The decreases of the total amino acids were 30 and 65% of initial concentration after 14 days of storage at 30 and 50 degrees C, respectively. Storage at 50 degrees C ...

A species of epiphytic Prorocentrum (Dinophyta, Prorocentrales, collected from the macroalga Dictyota dichotoma, was brought into culture. Based on morphological characteristics, this isolate was identified as Prorocentrum belizeanum. Analysis of the culture extract using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated the production of okadaic acid, a toxic polyether ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of clindamycin, given alone or with Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophilus to conventional rats, on 7alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid to deoxycholic acid. METHODS: The presence of deoxycholic acid was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. The fecal concentration of clindamycin was determined on PDM antibiotic sensitivity medium. ...

Two fatalities caused by methanol ingestion are presented. Quantitative analysis of methanol and formic acid using head-space gas chromatography showed concentrations of methanol and formic acid in the femoral blood of each subject of 2.19 mg/ml and 0.41 mg/ml, and 1.96 mg/ml and 0.38 mg/ml, respectively. We concluded that death ...

Mycolic acids are believed to play a crucial role in the architecture of the mycobacterial envelope. However, very few steps of their biosynthetic pathway have yet been elucidated. We previously isolated [Dubnau, E., Lanéelle, M. A., Soares, S., Bénichou, A., Vaz, T., Promé, D., Promé, J. C., Daffé, M. & ...

Although branched chain fatty acids perform many functions in biological systems, the importance of the anteiso 18 methyleicosanoic acid (MEA) has only recently been recognized. In this first review on MEA its role and distribution is explored. MEA has been found in minor amounts in the fatty acid components of ...

Besides some usual fatty acids (FA), two conjugated ene-yne acetylenic FA [trans-10-heptadecen-8-ynoic acid (pyrulic acid) (7.4%), and trans-11-octadecen-9-ynoic acid (ximenynic acid) (3.5%)], a novel ene-yne-ene acetylenic FA [cis-7, trans-11-octadecadiene-9-ynoic acid (heisteric acid) (22.6%)], and 9,10-epoxystearic acid (0.6%) could be identified in the seed oil of Heisteria silvanii (Olacaceae). Two further ...

BACKGROUND: The fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, whose spores are present ubiquitously in the air, causes a range of diseases in the human lung. A small molecular weight (< 10 kD) heat stable toxin released from the spores of clinical and environmental isolates of A fumigatus within minutes of deposition in aqueous ...

We have developed a novel, simple, and rapid, two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography method to separate 1,2-, 1,3-diacylglycerols and ceramides containing alpha-hydroxy and normal fatty acids from other neutral lipids on one 10 x 10 cm precoated silica gel plate. The three solvent systems used in succession leave the phospholipids at the ...

Alkali-catalyzed pyrolysis gas chromatography (PyGC) has been used to identify minute samples of wool fiber. The wool sample to which aqueous sodium hydroxide was added was pyrolyzed in a Curie-point pyrolyzer attached to a gas chromatograph or a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The addition of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide ...

To elucidate the pathogenesis of impaired barrier function and the influence of surfactant on the stratum corneum in hyperkeratosis, we investigated morphological alterations of the corneocytes with soap solution. Groups of five patients each with psoriasis vulgaris (PV), ichthyosis vulgaris (IV), atopic dermatitis (AD), and normal controls were examined. Four ...

The seed oil of Sebastiana commersoniana (Euphorbiaceae) was separated into triglyceride and an estolide fraction by preparative thin-layer chromatography. The triglyceride band was characterized by spectroscopic methods, and its fatty acids have been analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS) as their methyl esters. Linolenic acid was the ...

The thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) behaviour of 64 ions including Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) has been surveyed on systems composed of silica gel and of nitric acid and nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide media. In the 0.5 mol 1(-1) HNO(3)-3% (w/v) H(2)O(2) solution, only Hf(IV) adsorbed very strongly, whereas Zr(IV) and many other ions ...

Sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase (SCDase) is an enzyme which hydrolyzes the N-acyl linkage between fatty acid and sphingosine in ceramide of various glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelin. Recently the enzyme was found to catalyze the hydrolysis and its reverse reaction under different conditions. We report here an innovative method for synthesis of radioisotope-labeled ...

We analyzed the mycolic acid composition of trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) obtained from Mycobacterium, using thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Utilizing TDM, whose structure was confirmed, granuloma formation in mice was investigated. All TDM used exhibited considerable granuloma formation activity in the lung and spleen. In particular, ...

The effects of different cooking methods on the lipid and protein fractions of hamburger were evaluated. The lipid component was subjected to the following analyses: peroxide value; p-anisidine; total and free fatty acids; cholesterol and its oxidation products (quantified as 7-ketocholesterol). Lysinoalanine (LAL), free amino acids and D-amino acids (D-AA) ...

Self-assembled monolayers of omega-mercaptohexadecanoic acid and omega-mercaptohexadecylamine on gold electrodes are stable at neutral pH and display pure capacitive behavior at frequencies around 20 Hz. Different methods of covalent immobilization of proteins on these monolayers are compared. Various reagents including succinimides, thionylchloride, p-nitrophenol and carbodiimides were used to activate the ...

Maize silage was inoculated with Penicillium roqueforti strains which are able to form the mycotoxins mycophenolic acid (MPA), patulin (PAT), penicillic acid (PA), or PR toxin (PRT). The silage was incubated for 160 d without agitation under aerobic conditions at 15 degrees C in the dark. The mycotoxins were quantified ...

The present experiment indicates that oligopeptides are easily produced in solid state from mixtures of simple amino acids by irradiating with high energy charged particles. We investigated such amino acids and their mixtures as tryptophan, tyrosine and glycine. The thin films was irradiated with protons (6.6 MeV). Such dipeptides as ...

The resurgence of tuberculosis and the emergence of multidrug-resistant mycobacteria necessitate the development of new antituberculosis drugs. The biosynthesis of mycolic acids, essential elements of the mycobacterial envelope, is a good target for chemotherapy. Species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex synthesize oxygenated mycolic acids with keto and methoxy functions. In ...

The release of both glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) into a medium by epididymal fat pad pieces from fed rats incubated in Krebs Ringer bicarbonate-albumin buffer supplemented or not with epinephrine decreased more in the presence of etofibrate than in the presence of equimolecular doses of nicotinic acid or ...

A novel sulfated glycosphingolipid containing a sulfated galactosyl residue was isolated from bovine erythrocyte ghosts, and purified to homogeneity by column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and silica beads. Structural characterization included compositional analyses, permethylation studies, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, negative secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), solvolysis and immunostaining on ...

BACKGROUND: The tryptophan degradation pathway leads to NAD production via 3-hydroxykynurenine. Kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) transforms 3-hydroxykynurenine into xanthurenic acid. In this study, we measured the activity of KAT in human lenses and studied the consequences of xanthurenic acid formation METHODS: KAT activity was determined by the method of Tobes. Fluorescence ...

The compositions of the major glycolipids (GL-1) of five strains of Thermus aquaticus, the type strain of T. filiformis, T. oshimai SPS-11, and Thermnus sp. strain CG-2 were examined by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment-mass spectroscopy, and chemical methods. The results showed that, with the exception of ...

A detailed knowledge of the primary structure of neutral glycosphingolipids isolated and purified from Trypanosoma dionisii has been elucidated using a combination of techniques--as column chromatography, HPTLC and GC-MS together with fast atom bombardment spectrometry. The ceramide monohexoside fraction (CMH) contained both glucosyl- and galactosylceramides in a ratio of 1:1, ...