This study assessed a targeted continuing osteoporosis educational program and investigated awareness and prevention of osteoporosis in Chinese female pre-internship nurse students. A quasi-experimental study was conducted. The program was presented to 256 nurse students. The baseline knowledge score of the nurse students was low (9.78 ± 3.13). They had inadequate osteoporosis ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a program for the prevention of political violence on empathy, expression of feelings of anger, and the capacity to define peace-violence. METHOD: This study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest repeated measures and a control group. The sample comprised 276 adolescents aged between 15 ...

Falls from heights are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among construction workers, especially inexperienced workers and those performing residential construction. This research reports changes in fall prevention behaviors following revision of fall prevention training in a union-based carpenters' apprenticeship program. We used a comprehensive needs assessment to identify ...

Drinking-related protective (e.g., pacing consumption) and risk (e.g., participating in drinking games) behaviors influence both the amount of alcohol consumed and the consequences experienced by college students. Previous studies of these behaviors have typically examined use and predictors of these constructs separately. In the current study, latent profile analysis (LPA) ...

The opportunistic pathogen Penicillium marneffei displays a temperature-dependent dimorphic switching program with saprophytic hyphal growth at 25 °C and yeast growth at 37 °C. The areA gene of P. marneffei has been isolated and found to be required for the utilisation of nonpreferred nitrogen sources during both growth programs of P. marneffei, ...

Comment on: Cai L, et al. Mol Cell 2011; 42:426-37.

PURPOSE: To develop a theoretical 'cost-per-wear' model of contact lens wear, as tool for UK practitioners to assist patients in determining the most cost-effective lens replacement and wearing frequency protocols. METHODS: The annual cost of professional fees, contact lenses and solutions when wearing daily, two weekly and monthly replacement contact ...

BACKGROUND: To guide resource allocation, policy makers need evidence of the cost-effectiveness of interventions. We summarized such evidence on selected interventions to reduce sodium intake that would be intended as population-wide approaches to control hypertension. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature review of journal articles published in English from January ...

Purpose: The student selection process is an important faculty responsibility that impacts student success in individual courses, retention, and ultimately graduation rates. The purpose of this article is to review the existing research on graduate student selection and describe one university's newly developed selection process. Data sources: Existing literature and ...

Limiting the number of students per classroom in the early years has been shown to improve educational outcomes. Improved education is, in turn, hypothesized to improve health. The authors examined whether smaller class sizes affect mortality through age 29 years and whether cognitive factors play a role. They used data ...

: This study examined the relationship between changes in assault rates over time and the implementation of a workplace violence prevention (WVP) program in 138 Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities. : Data on WVP implementation were assessed for each facility by a three-person team. We computed three WVP ...

This study aimed to determine the disinfecting potential of some contact lens solutions used by some university students in Oman. This work was carried out from January to June 2010 in the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. Fifty disinfecting solutions, ...

Geurtsen GJ, van Heugten CM, Martina JD, Rietveld AC, Meijer R, Geurts AC. A prospective study to evaluate a residential community reintegration program for patients with chronic acquired brain injury. To examine the effects of a residential community reintegration program on independent living, societal participation, emotional well-being, and quality of ...

The aim of this analysis is to describe characteristics of National Provider Data Bank (NPDB) adverse action reports against optometrists. NPDB public use files were analyzed for details of reported optometrist adverse actions from 1991 through 2008. Types of actions, basis for actions, and reporting source were identified, along with ...

The issue of the sample size necessary to ensure adequate statistical power has been the focus of considerableattention in scientific research. Conventional presentations of sample size determination do not consider budgetary and participant allocation scheme constraints, although there is some discussion in the literature. The introduction of additional allocation and ...

The authors report the effects of a yearlong, very small-group, intensive reading intervention for eighth-grade students with serious reading difficulties who had demonstrated low response to intervention (RTI) in both Grades 6 and 7. At the beginning of Grade 6, a cohort of students identified as having reading difficulties were ...

PURPOSE: Measurement experts use four criteria to examine the fairness of tests: (1) equitable treatment for examinees, (2) equal outcomes for subgroups, (3) absence of bias, and (4) equal opportunity to learn. These criteria apply to portfolios just as they do to other assessments. This report examines the fairness of ...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the prevalence and health correlates of problematic Internet use among high school students in the United States. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey with a sample size of 3,560 students was conducted among high schools in Connecticut. Demographic data, characteristics of Internet use, health measures, and ...

The authors conducted a synthesis of studies of reading comprehension interventions for middle school students (Grades 6-8) identified with a learning disability. They identified 12 studies between 1979 and 2009 with treatment and comparison designs and 2 single-participant studies. Findings from the studies indicate large effect sizes for researcher-developed comprehension ...

Schools are one of the strongest socializing forces in the U.S. and wield considerable influence over individuals' social and economic trajectories. Our study investigates how school-level racial composition, measured by the percentage non-Hispanic white students in a school, affects depressive and somatic symptoms among a representative sample of U.S. adolescents, ...

The present quasi-experimental study examines the outcomes for a group of 102 children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder at age 2 who attended an inclusive toddler program (described by Stahmer and Ingersoll, 2004) until age 3. Outcomes on standardized developmental assessments indicate significant improvement, with large effect sizes, in ...

This analysis assessed whether stimulant adherence was associated with improvement in academic grade point average (GPA) among children diagnosed with and treated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Medicaid claims were merged with academic records from Philadelphia public schools of Medicaid-eligible children in first through eighth grades who were diagnosed with ADHD ...

Background There is a lack of studies related to virtual reality (VR)-augmented balance training on postural control in people with Parkinson disease (PD). Objective The purposes of this study were: (1) to examine the effects of VR-augmented balance training on the sensory integration of postural control under varying attentional demands ...

BACKGROUND: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is widely available in emergency rooms to assess acute stroke patients. To standardize readings and educate new readers, we developed a 3-step e-learning tool based on the test-teach-retest methodology in 2 acute stroke scenarios: vascular occlusion and "spot sign" in acute intracerebral hemorrhage. We hypothesized ...

The Arkansas State Employee Benefits Division (EBD) is a self-insured program comprising public school and other state employees, their spouses, and dependents. Previous research published in JMCP (2006) showed drug cost savings of $2.20 per member per month (PMPM; 37.6%) or annualized savings of $3.4 million associated with a benefit ...

To ensure that schools are safe places where students can learn, researchers and educators must understand student and faculty safety concerns. This study examines student and teacher perceptions of school safety. Twenty-two focus groups with students and faculty were conducted in 11 secondary schools. Schools were selected from a stratified ...

Recent meta-analyses of intergroup contact research revealed that majority members' attitudes toward minorities are improved to a greater degree by contact compared to those of minority members (Tropp & Pettigrew, 2005). While previous research focused on contact between majority and minority groups, this study explored effects of intergroup contact between ...

Maintaining competence requires health care practitioners to remain current with research and implement practice changes. Having the capacity to reflect on practice experiences is a key skill, but reflective skills need to be taught and developed. This exploratory qualitative study examined the outcomes of a dental hygiene program requirement for ...

This study aims to determine whether there are improved performances in cadaver temporal bone dissection after training using a VR simulator as a teaching aid compared with traditional training methods Randomized control trial. Twenty participants with minimal temporal bone experience were recruited for this randomized control trial. After receiving the ...

The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the effectiveness of child and adolescent anxiety prevention programs. Mean weighted effect sizes were calculated, and studies were encoded for potential moderator variables. A statistically significant effect size of .18 was obtained at post-intervention, which is consistent with ...

OBJECTIVES: Mental illness is prevalent among nursing home residents, but staff are not well trained to deal with it. This research evaluated an Internet mental illness training program designed for certified direct care workers, ie, nurse aides (NAs). Pilot research was also conducted to explore effects and acceptance of the ...

This pilot study was designed to assess the perceptions of physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) students regarding the use of computer-assisted pedagogy and prosection-oriented communications in the laboratory component of a human anatomy course at a comprehensive health sciences university in the southeastern United States. The goal was ...

OBJECTIVE: to determine the effects of power training with high movement velocity compared with conventional resistance training with low movement velocity for older community-dwelling people. DESIGN: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and Scholar-Google. Trials: all ...

The aim of this project was to survey the department titles of US academic radiology programs and to assess the frequency of nontraditional titles. A secondary aim was to evaluate whether there were any similarities among departments that were not traditionally titled Department of Radiology with respect to factors such ...

Determining whether a particular treatment works for specific groups of people can help tailor dissemination of evidence-based alcohol treatments. It has been proposed that individuals from different racial groups might have better outcomes in treatments that are sensitive to sociocultural issues that impact alcohol use among these groups. The current ...

The authors examined the effectiveness of cognitive strategy instruction based on PASS (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive) given by special education teachers to students with ADHD randomly assigned by classroom. Students in the experimental group were exposed to a brief cognitive strategy instruction for 10 days, which was designed to encourage ...

Thus far researchers have focused on computing average differences in student achievement between smaller and larger classes. In this study, the author focus on the distribution of the small class effects at the school level and compute the inconsistency of the small class effects across schools. The author use data ...

The current study examined self-worth and body size dissatisfaction, and their association with maternal acculturation among obese Latino youth enrolled in a community-based obesity intervention program. Upon entry to the program, a sample of 113 participants reported global self-worth comparable to general population norms, but lower athletic competence and perception ...

Chronic nursing shortages have placed increasing pressure on many nursing schools to recruit greater numbers of students with the consequence of larger class sizes. Larger class sizes have the potential to lead to student disengagement. This paper describes a case study that examined the strategies used by a group of ...

The effect of varying portion size in a natural environment on the self-regulation of 24-hour energy intake has not been evaluated. We studied students at 16 preschools in Chicago to determine the effect of meals with variable energy and macronutrients on the amount consumed over a 24-hour period (ie, at ...

teaching students in reflection calls for specific teacher competencies. We developed and validated a rating scale focusing on Student perceptions of their Teachers' competencies to Encourage Reflective Learning in small Groups (STERLinG). we applied an iterative procedure to reduce an initial list of 241 items pertaining to teacher competencies to ...

The purpose was to assess differences in postural response characteristics between two groups of elite athletes having power or endurance training. Participants were all men and included power- (M age = 21 yr., SD = 3, n = 12) and endurance-trained (M age = 22, SD = 3, n = ...

Growing concern about the limited generalizability of trials of preventive interventions has led to several proposals concerning the design, reporting, and interpretation of such trials. This paper presents an epidemiologic framework that highlights three key determinants of population impact of many prevention programs: the proportion of the population at risk ...

A measurement model should be equivalent across the different subgroups of a target population. The Decisional Balance Inventory for the Prevention of Alcohol Use is a 2-factor correlated model with 3 items for Pros of alcohol use and 3 items for Cons. The measure is part of a tailored intervention ...

The objective of this study was to assess the costs associated with a group behavioral weight loss intervention and compare cost-effectiveness based on treatment delivery modality (in-person vs. Internet). A randomized controlled trial examined efficacy of a group behavioral obesity intervention across in-person and Internet treatment modalities. Participants (N = ...

The specific aims of this study are twofold. First, measure 2007 rates of gambling and underage gambling among public school students. Second, compare rates of gambling, frequent gambling, and underage gambling from 1992 to 2007. The 2007 sample includes 40,605 male and 42,655 female Minnesota public school students enrolled in ...

Objective:  Promoted as a means of fueling markets and encouraging economic growth or recovery, cash transfers have become a popular approach to international assistance. The literature recognizes potential problems such as insecurity, corruption, misuse, gender inequality, market inflation, and ineffective targeting. We carried out population and beneficiary surveys in 1997 ...

The development of a successful peritoneal dialysis program requires that the organization and structure of the program be carefully planned. Key ingredients include developing a robust chronic kidney disease education program, adequate training for physicians and nurses, full complement of supporting staff (including nurses, dietician, and social worker), appropriate continuous ...

Objective: To examine the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of an early aerobic rehabilitation program for patients after minor ischemic stroke. Design: Randomized control trial. Methods: Twenty-eight patients, 1-3 weeks post minor ischemic stroke (modified Rankin scale; mRS ⩽ 2), were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Measures were taken ...

Background: Team-based learning (TBL) has been studied in several preclinical settings, but there is less evidence for its effectiveness in clinical curricula. Purpose: We compared the impact of TBL versus usual small group lecture (SGL) on knowledge objectives in a clinical clerkship. Methods: We used an unblinded crossover design with ...