BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Prior studies have found a 2%-8% clinically significant error rate in radiology practice. We compared discrepancy rates of studies interpreted by subspecialty-trained neuroradiologists working with and without trainees.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Subspecialty-trained neuroradiologists reviewed 2162 studies during 41 months. Discrepancies between the original and "second opinion" reports were scored: 1, ...

Purpose: To determine whether a faculty-led mock-interview activity enhanced pharmacy student preparation for the residency interview process and increased match rates. Methods: Twenty-eight doctor of pharmacy students volunteered for a 40-minute mock-interview session with 2-person faculty teams. A standard roster of 12 interview questions was derived from published literature and ...

This study examined the association between Dental Admission Test (DAT) scores and the comprehensive exams conducted at Harvard School of Dental Medicine. The authors hypothesized that students who scored high on the DAT would also perform well on the comprehensive examinations. Sixty-six students from the graduating classes of 2005 and ...

Objectives To investigate factors which influenced UK-trained doctors to emigrate to New Zealand and factors which might encourage them to return. Design Cross-sectional postal and Internet questionnaire survey. Setting Participants in New Zealand; investigators in UK. Participants UK-trained doctors from 10 graduation-year cohorts who were registered with the New Zealand ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was a cost minimization analysis of the laparoscopic sacral colpopexy (LSC) and total vaginal mesh (TVM). STUDY DESIGN: Primary clinical costs were derived from our randomized control trial comparing LSC and TVM and were compared using prices from privately- and publicly-conducted procedures. Womens' opportunity ...

We evaluated our simulated major lung resection employing anatomically correct lung models as "off-the-job training" for video-assisted thoracic surgery trainees. A total of 76 surgeons voluntarily participated in our study. They performed video-assisted thoracic surgical lobectomy employing anatomically correct lung models, which are made of sponges so that vessels and ...

Background  The Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype Classification (FSPC) is the most commonly used measure of skin type. In questionnaire-based surveys, self-rated FSPC is often used as a measure of respondents' skin type. Objective  The objective of this analysis was to assess test-retest reliability of the self-rated FSPC within a 12-month cohort ...

Behavioural factors and beliefs are important determinants of the adoption of sports injury interventions. This study aimed to understand behavioural factors associated with junior community netball players' intentions to learn correct landing technique during coach-led training sessions, proposed as a means of reducing their risk of lower limb injury. 287 ...

BACKGROUND: The importance of attaining correct hand position in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) instruction has not been emphasized as much as the significance of the compression performance. Study Objectives: This pilot study was performed to investigate the utility of a HeartSaver Sticker for maintaining correct hand position during chest compressions. METHODS: ...

This article describes device integration with an emerging standard in laboratory automation. The architecture of a library is described, which offers smart adaptation to the standard and a smooth integration into a laboratory automation environment. The library has a plugin interface to allow making any device standard compliant. It allows ...

This study aims to contribute to the scarce data available about the abilities of untrained lay persons to perform hands-only cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a manikin and the improvement of their skills during training with an autonomous CPR feedback device. The study focuses on the following questions: (i) Is there ...

Access Assured, an experimental program to deliver primary care to uninsured patients using a monthly retainer payment system, has been shown to provide a financially viable method of delivering primary care services to people without health insurance. This qualitative study was designed to assess patient attitudes and concerns about this ...

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a pharmacist-initiated peripheral arterial disease (PAD) screening program in the community setting and to determine the ability of this screening to increase the number of patients identified with PAD.Design: Prospective study.Setting: Three locations of a large pharmacy grocery chain in the Cincinnati and ...

Background: The data on cost savings with disease management (DM) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. A multicomponent DM program in COPD has recently shown in a large randomized controlled trial to reduce hospitalizations and emergency department visits compared to usual care (UC). The objectives of this study ...

OBJECTIVE: The model of expert performance predicts that neither physicians in training nor experienced physicians will reach an expert level in communication. This study tested this hypothesis. METHODS: Seventy-one students, twenty-five residents and fourteen consultants performed a 'breaking bad news' exercise with a simulated patient. Their communication competency was assessed ...

OBJECTIVE: Literature indicates a decline in patient-centredness in medical students, especially during clinical clerkships. We examined the impact of preclinical communication skills training (CST) on students' development of patient-centred attitudes and attitudes toward CST during clerkships. METHODS: We prospectively compared two cohorts before and after clerkships: one cohort (n=48) had ...

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2011; 18:403-412 © 2011 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine ABSTRACT: Objectives:  During disasters, the public expects that emergency care will be available at a moment's notice. As such, an emergency medical services (EMS) workforce that is trained and prepared for disasters is imperative. The primary ...

Purpose.  The purpose was to develop and implement I'M SAFE, a comprehensive patient fall-risk assessment tool linked to a tiered-intervention falls prevention program. Design and Method.  A fall-risk evaluation tool was incorporated into electronic nurse documentation along with risk-specific nursing interventions. Results.  Intrinsic fall rates declined significantly (preimplementation: .67 falls/1,000 ...

There have been long-standing unpublished differences in rheumatoid factor (RF) results, based on the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia external quality assurance program. This study compared RF results between two commonly used commercial instruments. Serum samples were exchanged between a laboratory using a Beckman Immage immunonephelometer and another using ...

Preparing pediatric patients for surgery is crucial to positive patient and parent experiences. Through preoperative screening, observation, and postoperative feedback, clinical staff nurses at the Yellowstone Surgery Center (YSC) in Billings, Montana, identified a need to provide increased information to pediatric patients and their parents regarding the surgical process and ...

To determine a minimum number of procedures required for proficiency in oocyte retrieval and to characterize skill acquisition. Retrospective analysis. Reproductive endocrinology and infertility fellowship training program. Fellows in training from 2005 to 2007 and 2008 to 2010. None. Proficiency scores were calculated by dividing the number of oocytes retrieved ...

The aim of this pilot study was to develop a realistic clinical case for identifying Knobe's asymmetric effect, ie, the tendency to ascribe intentions to a larger extent when an act is considered wrong, as well as to compare medical students at the beginning and end of their curriculum. A ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test whether an automated external defibrillator (AED) training program would positively affect the mental health of family members of high-risk patients. METHODS: A total of 305 patients with ischemic heart disease and their family members were randomized to 1 of 4 AED ...

The type of dressing selected for intravascular catheters may influence costs and complications. We carried out a clinical trial to compare the safety and costs of transparent and gauze dressings. We did not find differences in complication rates between transparent (34.1%) and gauze (26.5%) dressings (P = .62). The total ...

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and adjustment disorder (AD) are common psychiatric disorders in cancer patients but are often overlooked in clinical oncology settings. We introduced a clinical screening program utilizing the Distress and Impact Thermometer (DIT) to identify MDD and AD in cancer outpatients receiving chemotherapy. This study assessed ...

A questionnaire study was conducted among 245 dental students from Bhopal city, Central India, to determine their level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding infection control measures and if any correlation exists among the knowledge, attitudes, and practice scores. The self-administered questionnaire consisted of three parts: knowledge, attitudes, and practice. ...

Background. Teachers' judgments of student performance on a standardized achievement test often result in an overestimation of students' abilities. In the majority of cases, a larger group of overestimated students and a smaller group of underestimated students are formed by these judgments. Aims. In this research study, the consequences of the underestimation ...

The efficiency of patient safety interventions is not well studied, especially laboratory monitoring for drug therapy. More than one-third of preventable adverse drug events are associated with inadequate monitoring. Current knowledge of decreasing adverse drug events through expanded monitoring programs is lacking. . The authors focused on a laboratory monitoring ...

In 2005, a program named "Early Detection and Early Treatment of Esophageal and Cardiac Cancer" (EDETEC) was initiated in China. A total of 8279 residents aged 40-69 years old were recruited into the EDETEC program in Linzhou of Henan Province between 2005 and 2008. Howerer, the cost-benefit of the EDETEC ...

Purpose/Objectives: To test the feasibility and acceptability of a strength-training intervention in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Design: One-group prospective, repeated-measures design.Setting: Academic medical center in the midwestern United States.Sample: Convenience sample of 10 patients receiving HSCT.Methods: The strength-training intervention consisted of a comprehensive program of progressive resistance to ...

BACKGROUND: A minority of medical centers possess a dedicated endocrine surgery program. Here we assess the short-term impact of a new endocrine surgery program on institutional case volumes and financial endpoints. METHODS: We studied all endocrine procedures performed over a 5-year period spanning the inception of the endocrine surgery program ...

To describe the views of residency program directors regarding the effect of the 2010 duty hour recommendations on the 6 core competencies of graduate medical education. US residency program directors in internal medicine, pediatrics, and general surgery were e-mailed a survey from July 8 through July 20, 2010, after the ...

Objective: To evaluate whether the positive illusory bias explains the self-evaluations of driving and work behaviors in college students with ADHD. Method: A total of 103 students with ADHD were compared to a sample of 94 students without ADHD. Both groups completed self-reports of their specific driving and work behaviors ...

Acta Ophthalmol. 2011: 89: e82-e88 ABSTRACT.: Purpose:  In this study, we examined the clinical application of two training methods for optimizing reading ability in patients with juvenile macular dystrophy with established eccentric preferred retinal locus and optimal use of low-vision aids. Method:  This randomized study included 36 patients with juvenile ...

We sought to adapt and evaluate the FLU-FOBT Program for a primary care clinic serving a low-income Chinese American community. We compared colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) rate changes for patients who received flu shots versus those who did not receive flu shots during the FLU-FOBT Program. Analysis of data from ...

Since self-efficacy is a positive predictor of substance use treatment outcome, we investigated whether it is associated with spirituality within a religious 12-step program. This was a cross-sectional survey (N = 91) of 10 different Celebrate Recovery sites held at community churches. The mean spirituality score for those with high confidence was ...

A student volunteer was asked to stand just behind a mannequin so that the student was looking at the back of the mannequin's plastic head. The experimenter stood off to one side and used her two hands to stroke and tap the back of the student's head in perfect synchrony ...

the authors developed and tested the feasibility and utility of a new direct-observation instrument to assess trainee performance of a medication management session. the Psychopharmacotherapy-Structured Clinical Observation (P-SCO) instrument was developed based on multiple sources of expertise and then implemented in 4 university-based outpatient medication management clinics with 7 faculty ...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of an online medical laboratory technician program in the academic preparation and development of laboratory professionals. A semi-quantitative comparative research design was used. Several factors were considered in this evaluation. Academic outcomes between online and campus medical laboratory technician (MLT) ...

Education and training provide psychotherapists with tools for self-awareness which help to prevent boundary violations. Corrections officers are not similarly equipped and therefore should not be held to the same standard, particularly when they are being subjected to abuse and intimidation. While it is important to understand gender-specific patterns which ...

High quality chest compression is one of the key factors in successful resuscitation. A high standard of training is therefore decisive. We aimed to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of teaching chest compression in a study designed to highlight where targeted improvements in the quality of our chest compression training ...

The aim of our study was to assess the attitudes of postgraduate orthodontic students in India towards patient-centered care. Two hundred and two students from eighteen dental schools across India completed the modified Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), a self-administered eighteen-item questionnaire that evaluates the practice orientation of the students in ...

Background: A new 'Cohen' approach to standard setting was recently described where the pass mark is calculated as 60% of the score of the student at the 95th percentile, after correcting for guessing. Aim: This article considers how two potential criticisms of the Cohen method can be addressed and proposes ...

Despite the evidence that beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents (BBs) improve patient outcomes, they are often used in inappropriately low doses. We examined the effect of nurse-led titration (NLT) on use of BBs in community-based heart failure (HF) programs. Thirty-three community-based HF program coordinators throughout Australia recruited 484 patients diagnosed with systolic ...

Outcome measurement fidelity within and between sites of multi-site, randomized, clinical trials is an essential element to meaningful trial outcomes. As important are the methods developed for randomized, clinical trials that can have practical utility for clinical practice. A standardized measurement method and rater training program were developed for the ...

This study investigated the effects of a novel, classroom-based emotion self-regulation program (TestEdge) on measures of test anxiety, socioemotional function, test performance, and heart rate variability (HRV) in high school students. The program teaches students how to self-generate a specific psychophysiological state--psychophysiological coherence--which has been shown to improve nervous system ...

This paper reports the results of a large-scale analysis of a nationwide disease management program in Germany for patients with diabetes mellitus. The German program differs markedly from "classic" disease management in the United States. Although it combines important hallmarks of vendor-based disease management and the Chronic Care Model, the ...

The individual home rehabilitation program for ischemic stroke patients was conducted in a Thai healthcare setting. The program demonstrated that it was statistically significantly more effective than the conventional method. However for policy makers to adopt this program, the question of cost-effectiveness must be answered. To compare the costs and ...

To use 360-degree evaluations within an Observed Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) to assess medical student comfort level and communication skills with intimate partner violence (IPV) patients. We assessed a cohort of fourth year medical students' performance using an IPV standardized patient (SP) encounter in an OSCE. Blinded pre- and post-tests ...

We sought to evaluate a year 3 motivational interviewing (MI) curriculum using a standardized patient case. The 2-h small group MI curriculum included a didactic presentation followed by interactive role plays. During a clinical skills assessment at the end of year 3 the MI skills of 80 students who had ...