Few studies have examined the relation between childhood maltreatment and adult suicidality within the context of a coherent theoretical model. The current study evaluates the ability of the hopelessness theory of depression's (Abramson, Metalsky, & Alloy, 1989) etiological chain to account for this relation in a sample of 297 undergraduates. ...

This essay is based on issues relating to a study of sexuality among low-income college students in Mumbai. Low-income students were made the focus because: existing urban studies are on English speaking students in 'elite' colleges; sex education programmes had not really started in 'non-elite' colleges, and these students' behaviour ...

The prevalence of bereavement among traditional-aged college students should impel universities to assist bereaved students on their campuses. Dealing with bereavement can not only challenge a college student's completing the developmental tasks that our society sets for the later adolescent years, but also imperil the student's remaining in school and ...

The authors predicted (a) that disinhibited consumers would react more favorably to advertising that was high in arousal and (b) that inhibited consumers would react more favorably to advertising that was low in arousal. They tested these predictions by having U.S. college students evaluate both the commercial and the product ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether college students with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in childhood or adolescence show residual deficits in intellectual functioning, approaches to studying, or emotional stability. DESIGN: Participants with a history of mild TBI and two control groups. SETTING: Volunteers were recruited from students taking ...

We examined the association of alexithymic characteristics and the expression of unfavorable feelings such as anger and hostility in a sample of 489 Japanese college students. Analysis suggested that alexithymic college students are prone to indicate not only emotional instability but also cynical hostility and anger. On the contrary, alexithymic ...

With the ever-increasing diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate has become readily accessible in the college environment. Several properties of methylphenidate indicate abuse liability. A survey regarding the recreational use of methylphenidate was distributed to the student body at a public, liberal arts college. More than 16% of the ...

AIMS: To examine rates and patterns of marijuana and other illicit drug use among different types of students and colleges in 1999, and changes in use since 1993. DESIGN: Self-administered mail survey (Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study). SETTING: One hundred and nineteen nationally representative US 4-year colleges. ...

A growing body of work addresses the nature of epistemological development and epistemological beliefs: how individuals come to know, the theories and beliefs they hold about knowing, and the manner in which such epistemological premises are a part of and an influence on the cognitive processes of thinking and reasoning. ...

In Born to Rebel, F. Sulloway (1996) argued that, throughout history, later-borns have been more likely than first-borns to challenge the status quo. The authors tested Sulloway's hypothesis among a group of U.S. college students who had participated in civil disobedience as part of a labor dispute. The authors predicted ...

This study investigated the role of anxiety and depression in students' adjustment to family and campus life. The Cognition Checklist and a problem questionnaire were given to 1,452 college students (998 men, 454 women). Analysis showed that off-campus students were significantly less depressed and anxious. These college students were worried ...

Given that seasonality can be conceptualized along a developmental continuum, it is surprising that the college population has been largely excluded from previous epidemiological research on Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). In this study, college students completed the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) and Beck Depression Inventory twice during either the ...

The Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale (CUSES) was administered to 447 multicultural college students. The sample consisted of 63.5% Hispanic/Latino, 17.1% African-American, 13.7% Caucasian, 4.1% other and 1.6% Asian students. The obtained scores were subjected to a principal components factor analysis with a Varimax rotation. An item designation criteria was used ...

The levels of psychological symptoms (anger, anxiety, and depression) among 595 college students in an ethnically diverse urban public college were surveyed. The students reported a wide range of symptoms that were quite similar to those reported by a representative sample of adults in the United States in the 1990s. ...

TOPIC: A detailed case study of the brief psychotherapy of a college student with a narcissistic disturbance, discussed through the lens of relational psychoanalytic theory and including a description of important interventions. PURPOSE: To promote greater understanding of psychoanalytic theory and therapy with a particular young adult population, and to ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate college-age students' awareness of and involvement in hospice and to ascertain information regarding their own experiences with death and their preferences about death and dying. Our data were gathered through a mailed survey to 521 biology majors at an undergraduate college in ...

A single experiment is reported which investigated possible personality differences between college students who responded to a mail survey and those who did not. 208 college students completed the 16PF as part of a class assignment. Then each student was mailed a survey dealing with either a national or local ...

In samples of 144 American and 209 Kuwaiti college students, the correlations among scores on the Arabic Obsessive-Compulsive Scale and external locus of control (.26, .25), depression (.31, .55) and hopelessness (.27, .43) were significant and positive in both samples, denoting the construct validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Thus, it ...

This study examined Euro American participants' initial perceptions of male Hispanic counselors. Two hundred twelve college students evaluated male Hispanic counselors whose race was White, Mestizo (a mix of White European and Native American ancestry), or Black and who spoke English with or without a Spanish accent. The participants' perceptions ...

The conception of depression in Chinese American college students was examined with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression Scale (CES-D). It was hypothesized that, because of their significant engagement with mainstream American culture, these students' conception of depression would better approximate White Americans' differentiated view (L. Radloff, 1977) than the general ...

Much has been written in the popular press on credit card use and spending patterns of American college students. The proliferation of credit cards and their ease of acquisition ensure that students today have more opportunities for making more credit purchases than any other generation of college students. Little is ...

We describe a self-generated coding form used in a study of HIV prevention practices of college students and provide information on the success rate of matching questionnaires over a 3-year period using the form. The data for this study were from a longitudinal study of HIV risk-reduction practices of college ...

In a sample of 240 college students intersibling agreement was examined for Goldberg's 100 unipolar Big Five adjective markers. Participants showed self-enhancement by rating themselves more favorably on three of the five traits (Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Culture/Intellect); however, self-ratings on Neuroticism were higher than siblings' ratings. Correlations among raters were ...

Considerable research has been conducted on grade inflation and its pervasiveness. Given the significance of grade inflation on the quality of the educational experience and the reputations of colleges and universities, efforts to assess its presence and underlying causes should be supported and solutions developed. Because periodic changes in average ...

Twenty-three years ago, Woolfolk, Woolfolk and Wilson (1977, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 184-191) described a study about labeling bias and attitudes toward behavior modification. When videotaped depictions of behavior modification procedures were described as "humanistic education", college students rated them more favorably than when the same procedures ...

The authors in this paper illustrate how growing up in a violent household impacts the emotional and psychological development of one college-aged student who confronts her father in a letter about his violent behavior as she was growing up. The Williams Assessment of Unresolved Issues (WAUI) survey instrument is briefly ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative influence of attitude toward the act, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on consumers' purchase intention when consumers possess different levels of product knowledge (subjective and objective). The magnitude of the influence is compared across two different societies (U.S. and ...

P. E. Meehl (1962) originally conjectured that hedonic capacity was an indicator of the latent class or taxon of schizotypy. However, P. E. Meehl (1989, 1990) subsequently diminished the role of hedonic capacity in his theory, indicating that hypohedonia is one of a dozen normal-range (nontaxonic) individual-differences factors that may ...

Individuals with learning disabilities (LD), the largest group of people with disabilities in the United States, are attending college in greater numbers than ever before. Post-secondary training is critical for individuals with LD to make successful transitions into a changing and ever more demanding world of work. Research indicating that ...

This study examined the relationship between early inhalant use and later substance use in a sample of college students. Data were taken from four campus-wide surveys that assessed changes in rates of substance use over time at a large Southwestern university. Within these surveys, a group of students (n = ...

An educational trial to encourage sufficient calcium (Ca) intake was conducted on women college students who entered the college for dietitian either in 1993 or in 1994. The trial's effectiveness was assessed by a prospective cohort study. Two hundred and fifteen 18- or 19-year-old students were assigned into two cohorts, ...

The goal of this study is to replicate an earlier epidemiological finding of seasonal changes in mood and behavior among Chinese medical students using an independent study population. Three hundred nineteen college students were surveyed with a Chinese version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) and the Beck Depression ...

This paper provides evidence of substantial individual differences in the affective importance of odors, and offers initial validation for an eight-item scale of the impact of odor (AIO) on liking for people, places, foods and cosmetic/health products. In study 1, 116 American college students and 336 Flemish Belgian college students ...

This study analyzed data from the 1995 National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS) to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students in the United States and to examine the association between suicidal ideation and substance use in this population. The NCHRBS used a mail questionnaire to assess ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess veterinary students' perceptions regarding the importance of addressing the human-animal bond in veterinary practice and their perceptions about the adequacy of curricula on the human-animal bond as presented in US veterinary colleges. DESIGN: Survey. PROCEDURE: Data were collected via a brief questionnaire mailed during the summer of ...

Given the rising prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and the lack of accurate information about STDs in general, it is important to understand specific aspects of knowledge and attitudes regarding genital herpes acquisition among college students. This study examined the knowledge and attitudes regarding HSV-2 among college ...

The validity of the International Headache Society (IHS) classification system for college-aged students with headache was examined using cluster analysis. Undergraduate college student volunteers (N = 369) underwent a structured diagnostic interview for headaches, and the sample was divided into two subsamples for purposes of replication. A hierarchical cluster analysis ...

This study was conducted to determine whether students classified as learning disabled (LD) who were permitted to substitute courses for the college foreign language (FL) requirement at one university would display significant cognitive and academic achievement differences when grouped by level of discrepancy between IQ and achievement, by discrepancy between ...

Educational attainment in the United States has been steadily improving. Almost one-fourth of U.S. adults age 25 or more has received a bachelor's degree or better--26.5 percent of men and 22.4 percent of women. Because of shifting demographic trends, enrollment of traditional college-age students was somewhat sluggish earlier in the ...

Two studies examined students classified as having learning disabilities (LD) who had received course substitutions for the college foreign language (FL) requirement. In the first study, 42 students at one university were divided into groups and compared on measures of IQ, academic achievement, FL aptitude, college grade point average (GPA), ...

This study examined the use of sexual orientation as a meaningful social category and the consequences of using this category. The sample consisted of 260 U.S. college students who viewed a video and completed a 29-item scale (L. L. Thompson & J. Crocker, 1990) and the 7-item Homophobia Scale (R. ...

In 3 studies the authors compared the responses of self-rated happy and unhappy students in situations involving choice. In Study 1, high school seniors evaluated colleges after applying for admission and then later after making their selections. Happy students tended to be more satisfied than unhappy ones with the colleges ...

CONTEXT: The number of meningococcal outbreaks on college campuses have been increasing in the past few years. However, no published studies have documented the incidence of invasive meningococcal infection in college students or whether the incidence is higher than in the general population of the same age. OBJECTIVE: To compare ...

The effect of boredom proneness as measured by the Boredom Proneness Scale (R. F. Farmer & N. D. Sundberg, 1986) on college students' psychosocial development was investigated via the Student Developmental Task and Lifestyle Assessment (SDTLA; R. B. Winston, T. K. Miller, & J. S. Prince, 1995). Low boredom-prone students ...

Since 1969, the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine has worked to recruit, admit, and graduate a more diverse population of physicians. The state of Illinois ranks third in the nation in the number of African American residents, and fifth in the number of Latinos, and these groups ...

The Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine ranks high among the nation's 19 osteopathic medical schools with respect to the percentage of underrepresented minorities (URMs) in the entering class. The college has strong recruitment and retention programs for URM and disadvantaged students. URM enrollment rose steadily from 11% in 1982-83 ...

Prevalence of body-rocking in college students was assessed, and the characteristics of body-rocking of college students were compared to those of individuals with mental retardation. For college students, the prevalence depended on the restrictiveness of the method used and varied between 3% and 25%. Video samples showed that when compared ...

The authors surveyed 828 college students and found that approximately one third (n = 282) of the respondents reported that one or more women had told them that they had been raped by their dates or acquaintances. The 282 respondents who knew 1 or more victims of date/acquaintance rape reported ...

a cross-sectional survey was sent to students at four college campuses to assess self-reported physical activity, sources of assistance to exercise, and motivators for regular activity . The study focused on 864 (40%) of 2148 students surveyed who were classified as inactive. Attributes of inactive male and female college students ...

A total of 126 college students, 53 men and 73 women, completed the Manifest Alienation Scale and the Irrational Beliefs Scale to assess alienation and irrationality. A linear relationship indicated students with elevated Alienation scores showed substantially higher irrationality than did students scoring lower. Analysis suggests that a positive linear ...