INTRODUCTION: Limited endodontic experiences in dental schools suggest the need for easy-to-learn techniques. Therefore, two simplified root filling methods were assessed for adequacy and expediency when performed by inexperienced students. METHODS: Eight students were trained (45-minute lecture and 90-minute practice) in use of ProTaper Obturators (PTO) and System-B/Calamus (SBC). They ...

BACKGROUND: Clinicians' accuracy in perceiving nonverbal cues has potentially important consequences, but has received insufficient research. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of medical students' nonverbal sensitivity to their gender and personal traits, as well as to their communication and impressions made during a standardized patient (SP) visit. DESIGN: Psychometric testing, ...

OBJECTIVE: Tolerance of uncertainty related to the complex work is a major dimension of general practitioner's (GP) profession. Strategies for managing uncertainty have been studied among GPs but less is known about how medical students develop tolerance of uncertainty during their studies. The aim of this study was to investigate ...

This article describes the challenges encountered in a research project aiming to explore non-attendance from the perspective of absent students. These students are nursing students in a Faculty of Health and Social Care, but the issues raised here are of wider interest. Although attendance at the sessions monitored for this ...

Assessment partnerships between staff and students are considered a vital component of the student-centred educational process. To enhance the development of this partnership in a problem-based learning curriculum, all first-year students were involved in generating a bank of formative assessment questions with answers, some of which were included in their ...

The purpose of multiple choice tests of medical knowledge is to estimate as accurately as possible a candidate's level of knowledge. However, concern is sometimes expressed that multiple choice tests may also discriminate in undesirable and irrelevant ways, such as between minority ethnic groups or by sex of candidates. There ...

This article, the third in the series, is designed to help medical group practices understand the mentoring process, which is critical to the success of the internship. This article provides medical group practices with tips to successfully mentor student interns in order to maximize the experience for both parties. This ...

Published research on outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness has focused primarily on the results of epidemiological and clinical data collected postoutbreak; little research has been done on actual preventative practices during an outbreak. In this study, the authors observed student compliance with hand hygiene recommendations at the height of a suspected ...

INTRODUCTION: In response to low knowledge about HIV and intolerant attitudes toward persons living with HIV among Arab university students, a peer-based educational intervention was developed and impact evaluated on knowledge and attitudes of high school students in 2 of 4 main cities of United Arab Emirates. METHODS: Four small ...

INTRODUCTION: There have been publications on the attitudes of the general Iranian population and health care personnel about brain death and organ donation; however, there is little information about such attitudes of medical students. In 2006, a survey was conducted in Tehran about the attitudes of medical students in a ...

One hundred and sixteen third-year dental students participating in a consultation skills course in Dunedin, New Zealand, completed a standardized psychometric Social Skills Inventory (SSI) and were assessed by tutors, simulated patients, and themselves. Students with higher social skills abilities obtained higher performance scores and demonstrated better interview structure. Patients ...

OBJECTIVE: International experience is paramount in society today. However, many US citizens have little understanding of the world beyond US borders. The purpose of this qualitative study was to (i) assess the impact of a study abroad program on students and (ii) the impact on the career goals of students ...

BACKGROUND: It is most pertinent that medical students are taught the necessary skills for digital rectal examination (DRE) before they become doctors. OBJECTIVE: The study is to assess the knowledge and experience of final year medical students regarding DRE for prostate and rectal tumours. METHODS: Well-structured questionnaire were administered to ...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and affordable form of treatment for a range of psychiatric disorders. Historical antecedents, the media, and movies have generated myths about its continued use and relevance. OBJECTIVES: We explored medical students' knowledge of and attitude to ECT on completion of an 8-week clinical rotation ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the rapid training of medical students and their ability to provide effective manual ventilation using the bag-valve-mask technique. A rapid training session highlighting essential aspects of the correct bag-valve-mask technique was given to 31 medical students. This was followed by a simulated ...

Medical students encounter many challenging communication situations during the clinical clerkships. We created the Difficult Conversations Online Forum (DC Forum) to give students an opportunity to reflect, debrief, and respond to one another about their experiences. The DC Forum is a web-based application with structured templates for student posts and ...

OBJECTIVE: To explore gender differences in assessment of the clinical and portfolio components of physiotherapy undergraduate education. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of students' results. SETTING: One London-based university with multiple clinical placement sites in the south-east of England. PARTICIPANTS: Results of 221 physiotherapy students from three consecutive cohorts over the final ...

Scarce and inconclusive information on general biological impact of Toxocara invasion on paratenic hosts, and people in particular, has led us to undertake a comprehensive study of the problem. The study has been conducted in a rural environment, which is considered a toxocarosis risk factor. In total 200 soil samples ...

BACKGROUND: Following an outbreak of meningococcal disease in a school in the North West of England, the communication methods employed by the Health Protection Agency (HPA) were evaluated in order to explore ways of improving communication with the public. METHODS: Qualitative questionnaires were distributed to Year 12 (sixth form) students. ...

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and causes of optic neuropathy, reported as epidemic in 1997, among secondary school students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. PATIENTS AND METHODS: First year students (n = 10,892) from 63 secondary schools located within 30 km from the base hospital were interviewed and had a ...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates an educational intervention focusing on the ethical reasoning and communication skills necessary in counseling patients about morally objectionable medical interventions. STUDY DESIGN: All students on the core clerkship in obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine participated in a structured workshop. ...

This study investigated the nature of gambling-related knowledge and beliefs in a survey study of 2,669 students aged 13-17 years in South Australia. Students were classified as pathological gamblers, at risk, or not at risk based upon the DSM-IV-J, and their responses to questions relating to objective odds, probabilities, and ...

The purposes of this study were to assess the efficacy of remedial tutoring for 3rd graders with mathematics difficulty, to investigate whether tutoring is differentially efficacious depending on students' math difficulty status (mathematics difficulty alone vs. mathematics plus reading difficulty), to explore transfer from number combination (NC) remediation, and to ...

The aim of this study is to assess the extent and characteristics of gambling among dental students. Three hundred sixteen dental students enrolled at a private midwestern dental school accessed the twenty-six-item modified South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) as an online survey. Students were advised of the anonymity and confidentiality ...

INTRODUCTION: The accurate identification of lung sounds during chest auscultation is a skill commonly used by healthcare clinicians, including paramedics, when assessing a patient's respiratory status. It is a necessary skill as it enables confirmation of a patient's respiratory condition and guides the paramedic to a provisional diagnosis and the ...

Attracting students into a career in global veterinary medicine will be an uphill task if effort is focused only on students already at veterinary school. Most existing students will have made their career choice at a young age, probably based on a perception of the profession as it may have ...

Individualized learning is a fundamental tenet of the Carnegie Foundation's new recommendations for physician training. A primary goal of Mount Sinai School of Medicine's new curriculum is to train self-directed physicians who have mastered lifelong learning skills. The Individual Scholarly Project and Independent Research Experience (INSPIRE) was created to enable ...

BACKGROUND: At the University of Missouri School of Medicine (MUSOM), "commitment to improving quality and safety in healthcare" is one of eight key characteristics set as goals for our graduates. As educators, we have modelled our commitment to continuous improvement in the educational experiences through the creation of a method ...

AIMS: To evaluate the clinical and professional development that occurs during a New Zealand trainee intern year in preparation for the first house officer role. METHODS: A quantitative questionnaire was distributed to all trainee interns (year 6) and year 5 medical students in New Zealand at the end of the ...

BACKGROUND: Web-based clinical cases ("virtual patients", VPs) provide the potential for valid, cost-effective teaching and assessment of clinical skills, especially clinical reasoning skills, of medical students. However, medical students must embrace this teaching and assessment modality for it to be adopted widely. METHOD: We examined student acceptance of a web-based ...

Recent technological innovation has now made it possible to turn the computer into a microscope. This has entailed a shift from light microscopy to virtual microscopy. This development then foregrounds the issue of the pedagogy involved in this move from the analogue technology of the light microscope to the digital, ...

Medical students have routinely documented patient encounters in both inpatient and outpatient care venues. This hands-on experience has provided a way for students to reflect on patient encounters, learn proper documentation skills, and attain a sense of being actively involved in and responsible for the care of patients. Over the ...

INTRODUCTION: The extensive knowledge of experts facilitates the solving of domain-specific problems. In general, this is due to the fact that experts recall more detailed information than do novices or even advanced students. However, if physicians of different expertise levels are asked to write down the details of a given ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate consumption of and attitudes toward pornography in relation to demographic factors and relationships to parents among third-year high school students. METHODS: A random sample of 718 students with a mean age 18 years (range 17-21) completed a classroom questionnaire consisting of 89 questions. RESULTS: More students in ...

Changes in society and dissatisfaction with current educational practices have led to changes in undergraduate veterinary curricula. New approaches that are thought to better prepare students for future professional veterinary practice are being introduced. One such change is a transition from conventional teacher-centred curricula to student-centred curricula. In student-centred curricula, ...

This paper investigates reasons for practices and policies that are designed to promote higher levels of enrollment by women in scientific disciplines. It challenges the assumptions and problematic arguments of a recent article questioning their legitimacy. Considering the motivations for and merits of such programs suggests a practical response to ...

OBJECTIVES: To consider physiotherapy students' responses to three illness narratives common in rugby players who have suffered a spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: A narrative vignette was provided to first and third year students reading for a Batchelor of Science degree in physiotherapy. SETTING: A university in the West Midlands ...

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a classroom-based curriculum designed to promote interprofessional competencies by having undergraduate students from various health professions work together on system-based problems using quality improvement (QI) methods and tools to improve patient-centered care. DESIGN: Students from 4 health care programs (nursing, nutrition, pharmacy, and physical therapy) ...

OBJECTIVE: To implement and evaluate the effectiveness and short-term impact of an interprofessional education (IPE) session in the first year for health sciences students representing 9 health professions. DESIGN: An interprofessional faculty committee created a 2(1/2) hour introductory interprofessional education session focusing on a single patient case and 2 possible ...

Much research has shown the benefits of additional anatomical learning and dissection beyond the first year of medical school human gross anatomy, all the way through postgraduate medical training. We have developed an interactive method for teaching eye and orbit anatomy to medical students in their ophthalmology rotation at Duke ...

BACKGROUND: Attitudes of medical students form the basis for medical actions. Because of the specific characteristics of psychiatric patients, positive attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry should be a higher goal in medical education. AIM: We hypothesize that medical students in different educational programs develop different attitudes towards psychiatry. METHODS: ...

BACKGROUND: Clinical competencies like trust, empathy, and cooperation are emphasized in medical school curricula. Agreeableness, a personality domain, reflects these competencies. It is unclear, however, whether medical student personality is intrinsically agreeable. AIM: We explored whether medical student personality reflects Agreeableness, and compared student Agreeableness with that of police officer ...

Team-based learning (TBL) combines independent out of class preparation with in class small group discussion. We adopted TBL in teaching first year medical gross anatomy. In this study, we evaluated student perceptions of TBL by using a survey that elicited perceptions of both pedagogy and mode of learning. Anatomy lectures ...

The main objective of this study was to measure the knowledge of undergraduate nursing students about Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and drugs. The study was carried out in 2007 with a random sample of 289 undergraduate students at a State University in the Northwest of Paraná, Brazil. The students self-applied ...

CONTEXT: The academic credential awarded to osteopathic physicians is the doctor of osteopathy or doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) degree. Public recognition of the degree has been disappointingly low, however, leading some members of the profession to argue for a change in the degree's name and formal designation. OBJECTIVES: To ...

The promotion of reflective capacity within the teaching of clinical skills and professionalism is posited as fostering the development of competent health practitioners. An innovative approach combines structured reflective writing by medical students and individualized faculty feedback to those students to augment instruction on reflective practice. A course for preclinical ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: School students in India have a high stress level and high rate of deliberate self-harm. The present study was conducted to find out stress, psychological health, and presence of suicidal ideas in school students and to find out any correlation between these variables. SETTING AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional ...

In 2007, Duke University Medical Center Library instituted an interactive, online PubMed tutorial and quiz for medical students to replace an in-person lecture. This article describes the events leading to this educational paradigm shift and how the tutorial was implemented. Important concerns in the switch to an online approach to ...

PURPOSE: To identify common struggles of interns, determine residency program directors' (PDs') views of the competencies to be gained in the fourth year of medical school, and apply this information to formulate goals of curricular reform and student advising. METHOD: In 2007, semistructured interviews were conducted with 30 PDs in ...

INTRODUCTION: During the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak, all schools in Singapore implemented twice-daily temperature monitoring for students to curtail the spread of the disease. Students were not allowed to attend school if their temperature readings were >37.8 degrees C for students < or =12 years old, or ...