OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between clinical experience, learning style and performance in an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in medical students at the end of their first clinical year. DESIGN: Prospective study of undergraduate students taking an OSCE examination at the end of their first clinical year. SUBJECTS: 194 ...

Can't get a clinical protocol to work in the real world? The problem might lie in training. Intense training and steady monitoring are the keys to getting good results from protocols in actual clinical practice, according to the Center for Behavioral Health in Bloomington, IN. Examining the performance of its ...

The Australian Council on Healthcare Standards (ACHS) established the Care Evaluation Program (CEP) of clinical performance measures in its accreditation program to increase the clinical component of that program and to increase medical practitioner involvement in formal quality activities in their health care organizations. From the introduction of a set ...

Perth Clinic is a 35-bed private psychiatric clinic. In February 1999 an adolescent and young adult therapy service was introduced in response to an increasing number of enquiries regarding the treatment of adolescent and young adults with psychiatric disorders. This program was developed by a working party of mental health ...

One of the responsibilities of a consultant is to identify the clinical competence of trainees by observing them at work. The attributes of clinical competence in anaesthesia were defined by interviewing a group of consultants and trainees. Observation of practice was believed to be important in monitoring competence and the ...

Undergraduate student nurses (n = 117) were asked to reflect critically on their psychiatric clinical learning experience and identify strengths and weaknesses not only in the actions and behaviors of others, but also in their own. A questionnaire was specifically constructed to encourage the voicing of issues, concerns, actions, and ...

The purposes of this article are to: (1) underscore both the importance and the difficulty of assessing clinical skills at the graduate level, (2) review both old and new assessment methods of clinical skills in an attempt to familiarize educators with current views on evaluation modalities, and (3) assess the ...

A 21-item questionnaire previously used to survey practices and beliefs of clinical neuropsychologists (Sweet & Moberg, 1990; Sweet, Moberg, & Westergaard, 1996) was mailed in February 1999 to all ABPP Diplomates in clinical neuropsychology and a larger sample of randomly selected non-ABPP members of Division 40 (Clinical Neuropsychology) of the ...

Criteria used in the evaluation and selection of applicants for clinical neuropsychology internships were identified by a survey of the programs listed in The Clinical Neuropsychologist. Neuropsychologists from 40 programs replied to the survey, yielding an 80% response rate. Clinical experience in neuropsychological assessment, specialization in clinical neuropsychology during graduate ...

Clinical competence is generally defined as a combination of knowledge, skill and professional behaviour. It is typically assessed using written tests, direct observation, chart audit, client satisfaction surveys and supervisor ratings. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a chart-stimulated recall (CSR) measure that combines the methods of chart ...

This paper reports on a study of the implementation and evaluation of learning contracts in a clinical context for a group of students who were in their third year of study in a pre-registration bachelor of nursing degree programme in Hong Kong. A learning contract was implemented as a learning ...

Allied health program directors and administrators need to be aware of the costs and benefits of their clinical training programs to assure continued availability of training facilities for students. In a pilot study, program directors and administrators who are members of the National Network of Health Career Programs in Two-year ...

For psychodynamic thinking and understanding to feel relevant to psychiatric residents in current training programs, it must focus on the clinical problems they encounter with patients. It must be presented in everyday language and in a form applicable to their own clinical experience. Abstract theory or "deep" formulation may alienate ...

Through an analysis of three cases, this article illustrates many of the subtleties of ethical discernment involved during clinical fieldwork rotations when allied health students decide to withhold information about their disabilities. By law in the United States, educators are bound to uphold students' confidentiality in this regard. However, this ...

Examined the degree to which clinical child programs incorporate and integrate developmental theory into their training, and introduced the contributions of 6 leaders in the field to this special section. Fifty-one clinical child doctoral programs responded to the survey. Results indicate that 3 types of training programs are operating: (a) ...

Takes the position that, when considering the science component of clinical psychology, both clinical child and developmental-clinical approaches to training may be too narrow or limiting and that perhaps we should consider broader alternatives, such as an ecological training model. However, I also propose that the type of training program ...

Despite endless efforts in the quest for credible methods for evaluating clinical competence, the objective remains elusive. The components of competence include both clinical (interview skills, physical examination, differential diagnosis and therapeutic modalities) and technical skills. Written and oral examinations and, more recently, objective structured clinical examinations have been used ...

Espouses developmental psychopathology as a framework for training our future leaders due to its emphasis on an ecological, transactional lifespan perspective, as well as interdisciplinary bridging and policy focus. This perspective, used as a framework for questioning and thinking about the complex interplay of psychological and social phenomena, provides a ...

Education in laryngology has been a subject of interest at least since Louis Elsberg's address to the first meeting of the American Laryngological Association in 1879. Remarkable scientific, technological, and clinical advances during the 1980s and 1990s have elevated the standard of laryngological care. It is essential for training programs ...

Project EVETSIN investigated the training of clinical biochemists and other professional groups in the UK National Health Service. One of the most significant professional changes (with a training implication) identified was the increasing importance of the clinical role of clinical biochemists. The skills involved and the processes by which trainee ...

In 1993, a new undergraduate curriculum was introduced at the Faculty of Dentistry, Karolinska Institute. The expanded comprehensive care clinic described in this 3-year report, is proposed as a potential model for a CC-clinic in dental undergraduate education. Students enter clinical training at the beginning of the 3rd year and ...

Managers are challenged to demonstrate all programs as economically essential to the business, generating an appreciable return on investment. Further challenge exists to blend and integrate clinical and business objectives in program development. Disability management programs must be viewed as economically essential to the financial success of the business to ...

Uncertainty in the theories that provide the underpinnings of the clinical practice of podiatric biomechanics creates a dilemma: How should educators prepare students to make clinical decisions in the context of this uncertainty? Students need to be exposed to all approaches and be given the tools to make their own ...

AIM: This study was designed to assess the influence of clinical demonstrations, on the confidence of undergraduate dental students, when treating patients requiring removable partial dentures. METHOD: The confidence of 45 undergraduate dental students treating their first patient requiring removable partial dentures was assessed using questionnaires. 23 students were given ...

The evaluation of clinical competencies of nurse practitioner (NP) students has traditionally been accomplished by direct observation of student-patient interactions. Adult and family NP faculty at the Medical University of South Carolina directly observe students at their clinical site at least twice each semester. Recently, faculty recognized the need for ...

Manualized training has become the standard for psychotherapy research and is rapidly becoming adopted in clinical and counseling psychology training programs. However, it is still unclear whether manualization improves outcomes, and there is evidence that manualized training reduces nonspecific therapist qualities and attenuates clinical judgment. Prescriptive and integrative models of ...

This article describes the recent activities of the European Communities Confederation of Clinical Chemistry (EC4). Main goal of EC4 is harmonization of clinical chemistry in the European Union and Europe. EC4's actions connected to that are training and registration of professionals, and accreditation of laboratories. The 35000 professionals practising clinical ...

Encouraging professionals in training and later to consider practice-related research findings when making important clinical decisions is an on-going concern. Evidenced-Based Medicine (EBM) and the Cochrane Collaboration (CC) provide a source of tools and ideas for doing so, as well as a roster of colleagues who share this interest. Evidenced-based ...

In 1988 the Veterans' Benefits and Services Act attempted to solve the problem of the lack of adequate VA healthcare facilities in rural areas by establishing a demonstration program using mobile clinics. Six clinics operated in areas that were at least 100 miles from a VA healthcare facility during the ...

OBJECTIVE: To develop a multi-institutional reference database for quality improvement purposes using the autopsy to define clinical diagnostic discrepancies and resolve clinical questions. DESIGN: Using the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes format, institutions prospectively assessed a maximum of 15 consecutive autopsies each, excluding forensic cases and stillborn infants, conducted over ...

To examine the effect of clinical history on the electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation skills of physicians with different levels of expertise, we randomly allocated to an ECG test package 30 final-year medical students, 15 second-year internal medicine residents, and 15 university cardiologists at university-affiliated teaching hospitals. All participants interpreted the same ...

While medicine moved from a training based in proprietary schools to university-based education and board specialty examinations during the early part of this century, psychology has seemed to move in the opposite direction during the past 20 years. Clinical Neuropsychology, as a specialty, has established training and practice guidelines, and ...

With funding from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Generalist Physician Initiative, Dartmouth Medical School (DMS), New York Medical College (NYMC), and Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine (VCU-SOM) adopted early community-based training models for longitudinal clinical experiences. These schools developed different evaluation strategies to assess these models. This paper describes ...

PURPOSE: Within the confines of a lock-step dental hygiene education curriculum, the remediation of clinical skills poses a challenge for both the faculty responsible for assuring clinical competence and for the students expected to meet the stringent clinical performance criteria. To gain an understanding of how dental hygiene programs meet ...

This paper describes the early development of clinical governance in an acute NHS Trust. Three Trust-wide workshops and 17 individual departmental workshops were held between 1998-1999. The discussions in these workshops were used to define the key founding principles of clinical governance and the operational structure. The philosophy behind clinical ...

Clinical pathways are a means by which an instructor can objectively and effectively evaluate student learning and progress toward clinical outcomes. An advantage to use of pathways in one-time experiences is that the pathway serves as a criterion-based frame of reference for both student and instructor, since the criteria are ...

We report on experience and insights gained from prototyping, for clinical radiation oncologists, a new access tool for the University of Washington Digital Anatomist information resources. This access tool is designed to integrate with a radiation therapy planning (RTP) system in use in a clinical setting. We hypothesize that the ...

OBJECTIVES: Although a set of clinical performance measures, i.e., a report card for dental plans, has been designed for use with administrative data, most plans do not have administrative data systems containing the data needed to calculate the measures. Therefore, we evaluated the use of a set of proxy clinical ...

This project qualitatively evaluated the planning, implementation, and outcome of an interdisciplinary model of clinical education. Expectations of physiotherapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), and speech-language pathology (SLP) students and clinicians were assessed to determine whether the model allowed for the acquisition of the interdisciplinary knowledge and skills needed for current ...

The concept of clinical supervision is firmly taking root within the profession. This article draws on the author's experience of being a supervisor to link theory to practice. Types of supervision, models used and the essential skills needed are all discussed. The importance of reflection is stressed and a suggested ...

OBJECTIVE: In 1996 changes were made to the nuclear medicine content and mode of delivery in the Year 1 degree program at The University of Sydney, Australia. The aim was to evaluate whether changes made to the program raised the clinical abilities of students entering their clinical placement in Year ...

Diplomate and Fellow status in clinical neuropsychology reflect professional competency and a record of significant contributions to the field. This present study provides a snapshot of the pathways to these distinctions and focuses on the educational history and demographic description of ABPP Diplomates and APA Division 40 Fellows. Identification of ...

OBJECTIVE: Irrational drug prescribing is a global problem that exists both in developed and developing countries. Education is the key to improved effectiveness and safety in drug therapy. Development of clinical pharmacology (CP) as an independent discipline at the Rijeka School of Medicine has been slow and unsatisfactory. It was ...

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been used to reduce unnecessary and undesirable variations in clinical practice. Many facilities succeed in developing and using these tools, while others conclude that they are not worth the effort. This article describes the results of a systemwide analysis of the processes a healthcare system ...

The development and implementation of clinical pathways at New York University Medical Center and the transition to a computerized multidisciplinary documentation system took place between 1995 and 1998. Both the computerized system and the pathway program evolved simultaneously over this 3-year period. The article describes the process of creating the ...

The purpose of this research was to examine work-related stress experienced by clinical faculty (N = 226) in ADN and BSN programs. Faculty rated the extent to which they experienced 23 potential stressors associated with clinical teaching. The predominant stressors were: coping with job expectations associated with their clinical teaching ...

The article discusses the importance of implementing a clinical pathway in the neonatal intensive care unit that emphasizes parent education. Through an extensive literature review, a clinical path was developed that incorporates parent education through an individualized, developmentally supportive model of interaction. The clinical path is designed to be utilized ...

Standardizing products, procedures, and processes in clinical departments across multiple sites has significant potential for improving clinical outcomes, enhancing financial savings, and simplifying management processes. This is true whether a network of owned hospitals is working toward a full-scale clinical integration or a group of community hospitals is collaborating to ...

Teaching clinical pharmacology remains both a lifelong learning process and a lifelong challenge for clinical pharmacologists and other medical educators. In the current information age, with an explosion of drug-related data, the prime topic for discussion is how to teach clinical pharmacology. This article describes our response to the challenges ...

In light of the possible demise of the community practice teacher, this paper proposes that a specific system of educationally led clinical supervision would benefit learning, teaching and assessing in the practice elements of specialist community practitioner education. Such a system would be additional to models of clinical supervision currently ...