In the wake of deinstitutionalization, the exploration of alternative placements and living arrangements in the community has come to the fore. After describing a program for cooperative apartment living for female psychiatric outpatients, this article assesses the program's economic cost and its benefits to clients and outlines the authors' recommendations ...

Although it is not a glamorous or financially rewarding activity, the work of writing standards has been of benefit to the entire skiing community. The benefit or contribution of any particular standard varies, but the overall benefit of standards is real. The sport is safer and the responsibilities of various ...

"The purpose of this paper is to present empirical evidence on the national economic effects of international migratory flows involving member countries of the European Communities (EC). Although these countries as a group constituted an area of net immigration in the post war period, some member states have been important ...

This paper makes an assessment of the impact of toxic chemical regulation in Canada. Ranges of costs and benefits, supplemented by survey information, analogous American data, interviews and case studies have been used to demonstrate the general usefulness of a cost-benefit framework for public sector decision-making even where information availability ...

"This article is concerned with the extent to which labor migration is advantageous to the labor exporting country. It focuses on development consequences of labor emigration with a view toward the formulation of policies which can shape those consequences into a positive force for development, discussing a wide variety of ...

"The Dominican Republic represents a microcosm of all the major migration patterns: substantial emigration and immigration, sizeable return migration, and persistent internal rural-urban migration. The impacts of these various types of migration are related and have a significant influence on the development process. This study analyzes the causes of these ...

Judicial review establishes whether the mandate of Congress is observed by an agency's rule-making mechanisms for setting environmental standards or other regulations. Central issues in risk assessment now include whether a risk is significant, what the burden of proof for significance is, how to resolve the tension between the effort ...

This presentation addresses the many facets of interdisciplinary cooperation in training of interns. Areas in which optometrists are strongly qualified to do so include physiological optics, contact lenses, low vision, and binocular vision. Attitudes toward the training of ophthalmologists by optometrists are explored, along with the positive benefits flowing from ...

Effects of experimentally manipulating camera cuts (high vs. low frequency) and music (present vs. absent) on total and selective visual attention to and imitation of prosocial TV programs were examined. Subjects were 96 adults (mean IQ = 46). Within programs, selective viewing of content features (dialogue, distress, helping, and reinforcement) ...

The Toronto Glomerulonephritis Registry, a regional program for studying the natural history of the different types of glomerulonephritis and the effects of drug therapy on them, was established 6 years ago in Toronto. Data for all patients with histologic evidence of glomerulonephritis seen at the 16 participating hospitals are collected ...

Benefit--cost analysis as a form of "social profitability analysis" can be a powerful tool in the overall evaluation of alcoholism treatment efforts. Alcoholism treatment potentially leads to a multiplicity of benefits in addition to sobriety. Benefit--cost analysis provides a methodology for converting many of these diverse benefits into a common ...

Social work programs in primary health care (PHC) agencies have been well patronized and effective, but the expansion of social worker involvement in PHC depends on cost-benefit evaluations that satisfy the financial requirements of those who run PHC--the physicians. This article outlines a model for determining the cost-benefit performance of ...

Workers' compensation has become a focus of public attention in the 1970's to a degree unprecedented in its 70-year history. Federal legislation, two national study groups, a rush of State reform amendments, and congressional hearings and bills proposing Federal standards have all contributed to the ferment of inquiry about the ...

In a three-year pilot project in the Philippines, the magnitude of vitamin A deficiency and its clinical manifestation (xerophthalmia) was determined, and three alternate programs for eliminating and preventing it in various ecologic zones were designed and implemented concurrently in separate areas in each ecologic zone. Results were evaluated, and ...

Consideration of the analytic difficulties faced in estimating the benefits and costs of prenatal genetic diagnosis, coupled with a brief review of existing benefit-cost studies, leads to the conclusion that public subsidy of prenatal testing can yield benefits substantially in excess of costs. The practical obstacles to such programs include ...

National income-maintenance programs provide cash benefits when workers become unemployed, retire, are injured on the job, have a long-term disability, or die. For short-term sickness, however, only five States, one other jurisdiction, and a single industry require wage-replacement protection. Voluntary plans cover a substantial number of additional workers, including many ...

The paper sets out a method for evaluating changes in psychiatric services in a cost-benefit framework. The first section of the paper analyses some of the problems which arise with those elements which can be measured in monetary terms--the 'hard' costs and benefits. The second section looks at a method ...

Most previous cost-benefit analyses of fluoridation programs have been retrospective in approach and have biased their results in favor of fluoridation. This study performed a prospective cost-benefit analysis of fluoridating a segment of the water supply for Houston, Texas, and explicitly introduced and evaluated the time pattern of the costs ...

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2002.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Davis, 2002.

The use of dermabrasion for cosmetic purposes is becoming less popular due to limitations inherent in the method despite the fact that it is still the best method available for the minimizing of acne scarring. Planing for precancerous skin is increasing in demand because of definite benefits to be gained ...