Previous research has suggested that speaking partners adjust their intonation when conversing with people who are ill or elderly. In the descriptive case study presented in this paper we ask, what adjustments in intonation might be made by the communication partner of an aphasic speaker? A sociolinguistic, semantic analysis of ...

This article provides information on the need felt by speech-language pathologists for training in orofacial myofunctional phenomena. Results of a survey indicate 97.7% of respondents felt training is necessary, while only 7.9% felt their training was adequate. ASHA position statements regarding orofacial myology are reviewed. ASHA and IAOM suggested competencies ...

This monograph discusses research, theory, and practice relevant to how children learn to read English. After an initial overview of writing systems, the discussion summarizes research from developmental psychology on children's language competency when they enter school and on the nature of early reading development. Subsequent sections review theories of ...

The six studies found concerning the effect of pure phonemic awareness training (without phonics) on reading comprehension gave a positive but modest overall effect size in favor of phonemic awareness training. Four studies had small samples, two showed no or very small effect sizes, and one inconsistent results. Three involved ...

As speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working with children and youth are challenged to assume new or expanded roles with reading and writing, those SLPs practicing in the schools face specific barriers for doing so. These obstacles take two forms: individual inhibitors, involving specific people, and system inhibitors, involving the organization at ...

In a writing lab approach, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) work on collaborative teams with general and special educators to foster language growth using inclusive, curriculum-based, computer-supported writing process instruction. By engaging students in authentic writing projects using recursive writing processes--planning, organizing, drafting, revising, editing, publishing, presenting--and supporting them with instructional scaffolding, ...

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) play an important role in helping children and adolescents with language impairments to construct meaning from spoken and written language. They work in collaboration with other professionals and families to provide the optimal learning experiences and to introduce strategies for seeking meaning and monitoring understanding. This article ...

Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can play a pivotal role in fostering the acquisition of literacy skills in students using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). SLPs have unique skills in the areas of vocabulary development, phonological processing, selection of graphical symbol systems, and knowledge of strategies for facilitating interactive communication. SLPs can ...

Emergent literacy is a developmental period that is receiving renewed and increased emphasis in the fields of education and speech-language pathology because of its influence on the later literacy development and achievement of students. With their strong background in language, language development, and language disorders, speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can make ...

In this article, we consider the processes and knowledge involved in decoding and present some instructional guidelines and suggestions for teaching students the skills necessary for proficient and fluent word reading. The roles and responsibilities of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are also considered. It may have been enough several years ago ...

The purpose of the study was fourfold: (a) to document the hand preferences of nonspeaking individuals with autism as they produced signs and nonsign actions; (b) to find out if sign-language proficiency in such individuals is associated with directionality or consistency of signing hand preference; (c) to explore the link ...

This paper summarizes developments in the major approaches to psychoanalytic technique derived from the ego psychology, Kleinian, British independent, self psychology, intersubjectivist, and interpersonal schools over the past fifty years. The author proposes that two major contemporary currents may be differentiated from each other, namely, the psychoanalytic "mainstream"--derived from contemporary ...

Some individuals with developmental disabilities fail to acquire functional speech despite extensive teaching efforts. To help such individuals develop functional communication skills, a "reading and writing" program was developed. This study was designed to evaluate early parts of the program. Acquisition, transfer, and maintenance of "reading and writing" skills was ...

This study investigates the academic and clinical preparation a speech-language pathologist receives in the area of voice. The purpose is to determine how to structure continuing education and specialty training in vocology, defined as the science and practice of voice habilitation. Surveys were sent to the graduate programs in speech-language ...

Minority language and low socioeconomic status (SES) students are at high risk for language and learning disabilities. In an attempt to 'catch them before they fall', an early reading project was initiated in four kindergarten classes, in a low-SES bilingual school (English/French as a second language), where minority language children ...

This paper presents critical elements and current needs in educating speech-language pathologists for a multicultural world. A proposed paradigm shift in clinical teaching using the UK model is also introduced. In addition, a case study on the American Speech Language Hearing Association's efforts in implementing the Multicultural Action Agenda by ...

Norms for the Dutch language version of the Standford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form C (SHSS:C; Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, 1962) are presented. These norms are based upon a sample of 135 students at a Dutch university. Generally, the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the SHSS:C are similar to other ...

This paper reports a follow-up study of a cohort of 16- and 17-year-olds with a preschool history of speech-language impairment and whom Bishop and Edmundson (1987) originally studied. Information collected by questionnaire showed that the GCSE grades of those whose language impairments had resolved by 5;06 were below those of ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the N1-P2 complex reflects training-induced changes in neural activity associated with improved voice-onset-time (VOT) perception. DESIGN: Auditory cortical evoked potentials N1 and P2 were obtained from 10 normal-hearing young adults in response to two synthetic speech variants of the syllable /ba/. Using a repeated measures design, ...

Grammar is the computational system of language. It is a set of rules that specifies how to construct sentences out of words. Grammar is the basis of the unlimited expressibility of human language. Children acquire the grammar of their native language without formal education simply by hearing a number of ...

This paper examined a number of variables pertaining to the sociocultural outlooks of 412 young Arab students learning English as a foreign language and the relation of their attitudes and motivations prior to their learning of the language. Analysis indicated clearly that certain variables appeared to be correlated with their ...

The needs of under-graduate students and newly qualified speech and language therapists (SLTs) are discussed. The results of a small-scale survey of final year SLT students and one of newly qualified therapists are presented. Similarities between clinical teaching of under-graduates and mentoring of newly qualified therapists are identified. The paper ...

Competence in the phonetic and linguistic analysis of normal and disordered spoken language is a basic requirement for all students and practitioners of speech and language therapy. This paper presents a learning package specifically designed for individuals who need to acquire or update practical skills and theoretical knowledge in clinical ...

The challenges of providing student speech and language therapists (SLTs) with clinical experience in acute hospital settings are outlined. An innovative model of student clinical placement will be described which takes advantage of the recent change in policy by the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT) in respect ...

There are different ways of approaching the nationally reported shortages of clinical placements for speech and language therapy students in the UK. Viewing the problem as a simple issue of high demand and shortfall may result in seeking short-term solutions. However, in order to achieve effective longer term change, there ...

Informal evidence suggests that many overseas speech and language therapists (SLTs) either do not return to their home country on qualification or do not work as SLTs in the public sector. Many factors may contribute to this situation. However, concern that it may result in part from a poor match ...

Recent research in Australia (Balandin and Iacono 1998) has identified a lack of postgraduate training in high tech or electronic alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) equipment for speech and language therapists (SLTs). At Treloar College (TC) the SLTs have acquired wide experience and knowledge that could be shared with others ...

The needs of under-graduate students and newly qualified speech and language therapists (SLTs) are discussed. The results of a small-scale survey of final year SLT students and one of newly qualified therapists are presented. Similarities between clinical teaching of under-graduates and mentoring of newly qualified therapists are identified. The paper ...

The translation work of sign language interpreters involves much more than language. The characteristics and goings-on in the physical environment, the dynamics and interactions between the people who are present, and even the "inner noise" of the interpreter contribute to the accuracy, or lack thereof, of the resulting translation. The ...

The collaborative work is described of a principal speech and language therapist (SLT) and a lecturer in a college of education in Scotland in writing and evaluating a Post Graduate Award Scheme (PGAS) module. This was in response to Her Majesty's Inspectorate's (HMI) (1996) recommendation that teacher education institutions should ...

There is a growing need for teachers and speech and language therapists (SLTs) to work together in the joint planning and implementation of lessons in the educational context to ensure successful differentiation of the national curriculum (NC) to students with special educational needs (SEN). This paper describes and evaluates the ...

Informal evidence suggests that many overseas(1) speech and language therapists (SLTs) either do not return to their home country on qualification or do not work as SLTs in the public sector. Many factors may contribute to this situation. However, concern that it may result in part from a poor match ...

The challenges of providing student speech and language therapists (SLTs) with clinical experience in acute hospital settings are outlined. An innovative model of student clinical placement will be described which takes advantage of the recent change in policy by the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT) in respect ...

Recent research in Australia (Balandin and Iacono 1998) has identified a lack of postgraduate training in high tech or electronic alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) equipment for speech and language therapists (SLTs). At Treloar College (TC) the SLTs have acquired wide experience and knowledge that could be shared with others ...

This study examined the effects of relaxation training and syntax stimulation on the spoken language abilities of a 59-year-old male with chronic, nonfluent aphasia of moderate severity. Relaxation training consisted of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and guided imagery (GI), whereas the syntax stimulation was a modified version of the Helm ...

Speech and language therapy is still a predominantly female profession. This paper reports the numbers and percentages of males among the population of student speech and language therapists in the UK in 1999-2000. The numbers imply that there is no prospect of redressing the gender imbalance in the near future. ...

Competence in the phonetic and linguistic analysis of normal and disordered spoken language is a basic requirement for all students and practitioners of speech and language therapy. This paper presents a learning package specifically designed for individuals who need to acquire or update practical skills and theoretical knowledge in clinical ...

Language and communication difficulties experienced by secondary school students are outlined. The challenges that the secondary school environment presents for both children and speech and language therapy services are discussed. Two case studies illustrate how speech and language therapists (SLTs) working for the Newham Education Authority Language and Communication Support ...

This paper explores current thinking on adult learning and discusses its application to the clinical education of speech and language therapy students. It is based on evidence from a two-year project funded by the Trent Regional Consortium, which is trialling an innovative means of providing paediatric placements. The educational literature ...

Speech and language therapy is still a predominantly female profession. This paper reports the numbers and percentages of males among the population of student speech and language therapists in the UK in 1999-2000. The numbers imply that there is no prospect of redressing the gender imbalance in the near future. ...

This paper explores current thinking on adult learning and discusses its application to the clinical education of speech and language therapy students. It is based on evidence from a two-year project funded by the Trent Regional Consortium, which is trialling an innovative means of providing paediatric placements. The educational literature ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of articulation training for specific phonemes on the production of phonemes in conversational language samples, the 108 Single Word Articulation Test (Paatsch, 1997), and the Phonetic Level Evaluation (Ling, 1976). Speech production skills of 12 hearing-impaired children were assessed using ...

Incarcerated parents present several risk factors for later violence by their children. This study uses comparison groups and repeated measures to evaluate an inmate parenting program. Subjects are inmates at a county detention center, their children, and primary caregivers. Challenges to program implementation and longitudinal research with inmates were identified, ...

There is a growing need for teachers and speech and language therapists (SLTs) to work together in the joint planning and implementation of lessons in the educational context to ensure successful differentiation of the national curriculum (NC) to students with special educational needs (SEN). This paper describes and evaluates the ...

Language and communication difficulties experienced by secondary school students are outlined. The challenges that the secondary school environment presents for both children and speech and language therapy services are discussed. Two case studies illustrate how speech and language therapists (SLTs) working for the Newham Education Authority Language and Communication Support ...

Radical and rapid reform of the national health service (NHS) has impacted significantly on skill-mix and the work organisation of speech and language therapists (SLTs) in recent years. These changes impact on student training at macro and micro levels. In the context of a society-in-transition, student supervision is argued to ...

The collaborative work is described of a principal speech and language therapist (SLT) and a lecturer in a college of education in Scotland in writing and evaluating a Post Graduate Award Scheme (PGAS) module. This was in response to Her Majesty's Inspectorate's (HMI) (1996) recommendation that teacher education institutions should ...

The authors explored the face-to-face English competence of five students who were participating in a larger study of teachers' use of English-based signing. Using case studies, the authors report on the students' development of English-based signing at the beginning and end of their involvement in this 4-year study. Grammatical forms ...

School-based speech-language pathologists from Connecticut responded to a random survey which had a twofold purpose, (1) to replicate a previous conclusion that clinicians' specific experience with traumatic brain injury (TBI) influences their knowledge of this subject, and (2) to explore the topic of pragmatic assessment and whether it is also ...

In collaboration with teachers and students at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID), the Sign Language Skills Classroom Observation (SLSCO) was designed to provide feedback to teachers on their sign language communication skills in the classroom. In the present article, the impetus and rationale for development of the ...