OBJECTIVE: To assess effectiveness of a training program in reducing inter-grader variability in grading communication skills during an objective structured clinical exam (OSCE). METHODS: Global communication (GC) skills are assessed by standardized participants (SP) and faculty during each OSCE using a 6 item rubric. Despite criteria delineated in the GC ...

To quantify the effects of three vision rehabilitation training approaches on improvements in reading performance. Thirty subjects with AMD participated in the training portion of the study. The median age of the subjects was 79 years (range, 54-89 years). The three training modules were: Visual Awareness and Eccentric Viewing (module ...

On January 3, 2006, the Rhode Island General Assembly enacted legislation that mandated the Department of Health (DOH) to implement a program to register qualified patients and their caregivers to allow possession and cultivation of limited amounts of marijuana for personal use for statutorily defined illnesses and debilitating conditions. The ...

Our objective was to describe a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program and its effect on reducing compensation payments and sentinel adverse events. From 2003 to 2009, we implemented a comprehensive obstetric patient safety program at our institution with multiple integrated components. To evaluate its effect on compensation payments and sentinel ...

Experts are accurate in differentiating small adenomas from hyperplastic polyps at colonoscopy by using narrow-band imaging (NBI). To prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of an NBI training module on individuals with varying colonoscopy experience. Prospective educational evaluation study. Academic endoscopy unit. Twenty-one participants of varying colonoscopy experience (novices, trainees, and experienced ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the longitudinal effects of weighted sled (WS) and weighted vest (WV) sprint training on maximum velocity sprint performance and kinematics. Twenty male collegiate lacrosse players were randomly assigned to a WS group (n = 7) towing 10% body mass, a WV group ...

Obesity is highly prevalent among American adults and has negative health and psychosocial consequences. The purpose of this article was to qualitatively review studies that used technology-based interventions for weight loss and to identify specific components of these interventions that are effective in facilitating weight loss. We conducted a narrow, ...

We examined whether adding behavioral weight loss strategies could improve the outcomes of a community weight loss campaign. Shape Up RI is a 12-week, online, team-based program for health improvement in Rhode Island. In study 1, we randomly assigned participants to the standard Shape Up RI program or to the ...

This investigation compared a traditional behavioral weight loss program with a weight loss intervention emphasizing environmental modification and habit formation and disruption. Fifty-four overweight and obese adults (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m² were randomly assigned to either a 14-week LEARN or TYL intervention. Forty-two participants completed the six-month follow-up assessment. Treatment ...

Background/Objective: Published data regarding outcomes of pediatric behavioral weight management are mainly from research interventions. The authors wished to explore outcomes from a clinical program. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from obese adolescents enrolled in the Michigan Pediatric Outpatient Weight Evaluation and Reduction program (April 2007 to June 2008). ...

Abstract Objective. To validate a method of estimating non-response bias to a school-based survey based on body mass index (BMI). Methods. A population survey of Australian students in Kindergarten and Grades 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 (N=5 407) was conducted in 2004, and height and weight measured. Teachers matched ...

The authors tested 3 hypotheses about the relation of moral comprehension to prudential comprehension by contrasting comprehension of themes in moral stories with comprehension of themes in prudential stories among third-grade, fifth-grade, and college students (n = 168) in Study 1, and among college students, young and middle-aged adults, and ...

Obesity is a major public health issue in the United States. Many commercial weight loss programs are available, but their costs prohibit some people from participating. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS), a low-cost, nonprofit weight loss program. Longitudinal mixed-effects repeated-measures modeling of the TOPS ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an Olympic weight lifting (OL), a plyometric (PL), and combined weight lifting + plyometric (WP) training program on vertical jump (VJ) biomechanics. Thirty-six men were assigned randomly to 4 groups: PL group (n = 9), OL group (n = ...

Abstract Our purpose was to conduct a national environmental scan of pediatric weight management programs in Canada. Data were entered by program representatives regarding the history, structure, and function of their weight management programs using an online survey that our team developed in partnership with the Canadian Obesity Network ( ...

Maintaining weight loss is a major challenge in obesity treatment. Individuals often indicate that waning motivation prompts cessation of effective weight management behaviors. Therefore, a novel weight loss maintenance program that specifically targets motivational factors was evaluated. Overweight women (N=338; 19% African American) with urinary incontinence were randomized to lifestyle ...

OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the effects of moderate altitude on some respiratory functions of students enrolled in School of Physical Education and Sports. METHODS: The study group comprised of 9 female and 10 male volunteers who were attending a 5-day skiing training camp. All participants were enrolled in School of Physical ...

OBJECTIVE: Increasing our understanding of the differences between obesity and overweight status across various geographical areas may have important public health implications. We aimed to explore prevalence and factors (i.e., demographic and lifestyle) associated with overweight and obesity among youth across urban, suburban and rural settings. METHODS: A cross-sectional study ...

PURPOSE: The current study examined how different training affects the kinematics and applied moments at the knee during sporting maneuvers and the potential to reduce loading of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The training programs were 1) machine weights, 2) free weights, 3) balance training, and 4) machine weights + ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a flexible nonlinear (FNL) periodized weight training program compared to a nonlinear (NL) periodized weight training program on strength and power. Sixteen beginner weight training students were randomly assigned to an FNL group (n = 8) or an NL ...

Healthy People 2010 cited walking as a major health indicator; however, adherence is challenging, especially among those with multiple chronic illnesses. Studies suggest that walking one's own dog may motivate adherence. However, no research has studied whether walking a "loaner" dog may facilitate adherence. Using a pretest-posttest design, the authors ...

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a minimal, tailored diabetes prevention program for families that could be delivered in elementary school settings. Families were eligible for the program if they had at least one child aged 8 to 12 years old attending the elementary school ...

This study tested the efficacy of an Internet-based prevention program, Trouble on the Tightrope: In Search of Skateboard Sam, on pubertal knowledge, body esteem, and self-esteem. One hundred and ninety participants (mean age 11.6 years) were randomized to either an intervention or attention placebo control condition and were assessed at ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine trends in perceived overweight among US adolescents, including trends in perceived overweight among overweight and nonoverweight adolescents overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. DESIGN: Trend analyses of serial cross-sectional data. SETTING: National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys conducted in 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Nationally representative ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the adequacy of self-reported weight and height as indicators for BMI in community-based obesity control programs. METHODS: Self-reported and measured weight and height and calculated BMI in 6979 adults were assessed using analysis of covariance. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m(2)) and overweight (25-29.9 kg/m(2)) ...

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to investigate the eating attitudes and behaviors of junior secondary students in Hong Kong, with a specific focus on possible gender differences. DESIGN: A survey was conducted in 2005 to solicit data about participants' food knowledge, eating attitudes and behavior, perceptions of cooking skills and body ...

The aim of this study was to assess the variation in student body height, weight and BMI in relation to several socioeconomic factors. Data (collected in 1998) were obtained through a structured questionnaire from 2800 students (1023 men and 1777 women) from Wrocław Universities, Poland. Information on students' age, reported ...

Overweight and obesity is an escalating health problem in both developed and developing countries. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents aged 13-16 years in Irbid governorate, Jordan, and to compare the prevalence by sex, residential area and socioeconomic status. In a ...

OBJECTIVE: Intensive weight loss programs that incorporate dietary counselling and exercise advice are popular and are supported by evidence of immediate weight loss benefits. We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two weight loss programs, Lighten Up to a Healthy Lifestyle and Weight Watchers. METHODS: Health gains from prevention of chronic disease ...

This study examined the association between the level of physical activity (PA) friendliness of the built environment and adolescent PA and body mass index using a national sample of youth and data collected from the communities where they reside. Data on height, weight, and PA were taken from annual nationally ...

The aims of the study were to estimate the prevalence of excessive weight in infants and school-age children in Sarajevo Canton, to isolate the main causative agents and to propose a strategy for its efficient prevention. The methods included anthropometry and originally designed questionnaire. Calculated body mass index was classified ...

This study was designed to determine the degree to which clinical genetics professionals are comfortable with grief and loss, whether discomfort with grief and loss is associated with clinician distress, and what factors predict comfort with grief and loss for the purpose of developing recommendations for support and training. We ...

Community health centers have the potential to lessen obesity. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of a quality improvement program that included electronic body mass index (BMI) screening with provider referral to an in-clinic lifestyle behavior change counselor with weekly nutrition and exercise classes. There were 26,661 adult patients seen across ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of a lifestyle modification program plus exenatide versus lifestyle modification program plus placebo on weight loss in overweight or obese participants with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and/or sulfonylurea. METHODS: In this 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 194 patients participated in a lifestyle ...

Obesity among Taiwan college students is increasing every year. To help college students manage their weight, a prototype mobile weight management service system, the We Care for You Virtual Community (WCU VC), was designed, which would provide Web-based and cell-phone-based information services to individual participants. Conducted prior to system implementation, ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a behavioral faith-based diabetes prevention program called the Fit Body and Soul program in a semi-urban African-American church using a community-based participatory approach. METHODS: The 12-session Fit Body and Soul program was modified from the group lifestyle balance ...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of factors related to self-esteem, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, among 2 cohorts of girls over a period of 4 years, from elementary through middle school. METHODS: A multiethnic sample of 656 elementary school girls recruited from 13 schools in ...

Childhood obesity is a growing problem, particularly in rural, Louisiana school children. Traditionally, school-based obesity prevention programs have used a primary prevention approach. Finding methods to deliver secondary prevention programs to large numbers of students without singling out overweight students has been a challenge. An innovative approach to achieving this ...

PURPOSE: Obesity in children has increased in recent years. Many studies with differing methodologies have been undertaken to treat obesity. The Control, Evaluation, and Modification of Lifestyles in Obese Youth (CEMHaVi) program is a unique 2-year health-wellness program of physical activity and health education for obese youth. Findings of this ...

Most faith-based obesity intervention research has been conducted in African-American Protestant churches. However, Catholic communities might also benefit from a faith-tailored approach. Overweight Catholic individuals (n = 34, 71% female) were randomized to a Catholic-tailored or standard behavioral 16-week group weight control program. Both conditions experienced significant weight losses (Catholic-tailored: ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a behavioral Internet treatment (BIT) program for weight management is a viable, cost-effective option compared with usual care (UC) in a diverse sample of overweight (average body mass index = 29 kg/m2), healthy adults (mean age = 34 years) serving in the US Air Force. STUDY ...

The objectives of the current study are: to describe the prevalence of overweight/obesity among New Zealand adolescents and to describe the demographic characteristics, including neighbourhood deprivation, associated with overweight/obesity. Data for the current study were collected as part of Youth'07, a national survey of the health and well-being of 9 ...

In 14 Danish municipalities physicians have gathered weight and height data from 7541 9th grade students (86.7% of all students in 9th grade participating). Overall 25.2% of the population were overweight (body mass index > 90th percentile). Boys were more frequently overweight than girls (29.3% vs. 21.1%) (P < 0.05). ...

The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mississippi children and youth in grades K-12, and to assess any changes in the prevalence during 2005, 2007, and 2009. Body Mass Index was calculated using measured height and weight data for 3,703 public school ...

In this paper, an invariant set of the weight of the perceptron trained by the perceptron training algorithm is defined and characterized. The dynamic range of the steady-state values of the weight of the perceptron can be evaluated by finding the dynamic range of the weight of the perceptron inside ...

PURPOSE: Satisfaction is understudied in weight loss programs. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between participant/program experiences and satisfaction with a weight loss intervention. DESIGN: A prospective cohort design was utilized. SETTING: The study was conducted in the Minneapolis metro area. SAMPLE: Participants were obese employees ...

OBJECTIVE: To provide a review of weight management components as a means for developing suggested guidelines for online program development or selection. METHODS: Forty-two published studies associated with Internet programs were reviewed. RESULTS: Studies included online weight management components: tailored feedback, social support, self-monitoring, and interactive components. Five key principles ...

The regulation of body axis specification in the common ancestor of bilaterians remains controversial. BMP signaling appears to be an ancient program for patterning the secondary, or dorsoventral, body axis, but any such program for the primary, or anteroposterior, body axis is debated. Recent work in invertebrates indicates that posterior ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in motivation and the relationship of motivation to adherence to self-monitoring and weight loss in a 16-week Internet behavioral weight-loss intervention. DESIGN: Two-group randomized design. SETTING: This study was conducted over the Internet. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-six women, ages 22-65, with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 ...

BACKGROUND: Studies have repeatedly demonstrated the influence of physical appearance on behavior and treatment of individuals in work settings. A high proportion of obese individuals in the USA have reported perceived discrimination in the work place due to their body weight. The present review examines the specific kind, context and ...