We have developed a Web-delivered, multimedia health educational program, Student Bodies, designed to improve body satisfaction, a probable risk factor for the development of eating disorders in young women. The program includes psycho-educational content and a newsgroup for communication, and is delivered in a structured framework of weekly readings, assignments ...

To examine the ability of the personality dimension dispositional optimism to predict short-term obesity treatment outcomes (weeks of program attendance and weight loss), 177 consecutive persons seeking outpatient treatment at a university-based weight management center completed the revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R; Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) and underwent a ...

BACKGROUND: To explore the impact of a prevention program on the eating and body attitudes of a sample of adolescent schoolgirls. METHODS: The program involved lessons and group discussions of general adolescent problems and eating disorders. A total of 254 16-year-old schoolgirls were evaluated, of whom 154 participated in the ...

This study examined the effects and interactions of gender, pubertal status, and body weight on the self-concept of 462 young adolescent Australian students from two different schools. All students enrolled in Years 7 and 8 completed the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents, which includes several self-concept subscales and ratings of the ...

Weight initialization in cascade-correlation learning is considered. Most of the previous studies use the so called candidate training to deal with the initialization problem in the cascade-correlation learning. There several candidate hidden units are first trained, and then the one yielding the best value for the covariance criterion is installed ...

Twenty-seven non-ergonomists who participated in a one-day training session on the use of the NIOSH lifting equation (NLE) were subsequently tested on a simulated lifting task eight weeks later to determine their accuracy in measuring the variables. Analysis of the results indicate that (1) inter-observer variability was small, especially for ...

Binge eating and its relationship to multiple program attendance and use of alternative methods of weight control was assessed among 187 former residential weight control participants. Subjects completed a 68-item questionnaire assessing weight control techniques, exercise behaviors, behavior modification techniques, binge eating, and dieting behaviors. Results indicate that respondents who ...

Vigorous cholesterol lowering with diet, drugs, or a combination has been shown to slow, arrest, or even reverse atherosclerosis. Residential lifestyle intervention programs have successfully lowered serum cholesterol levels and other coronary risk factors, but they have the disadvantages of high cost and difficulty with long-term adherence. Community-based risk-reduction programs ...

From February to June in 1996, there were 47,800 students for health examination in Taichung City, Taiwan. The population consisted of the first and fourth graders of primary schools and the first grader of junior high schools. We selected 3,452 healthy students for further study by two stage sampling. In ...

BACKGROUND: An emerging trend in the field of gerontology is the recognition that older adults, especially the frail elderly population, can increase their levels of strength and thus improve functional capability. Social acceptance of physical frailty and provision of care and assistance to dependent persons has now turned to helping ...

A single-subject experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of center of gravity biofeedback on retraining balance control in a 72-yr.-old male hemiparetic patient. For both assessment and training the subject stood on dual force-plates enclosed on three sides by a visual surround. A 4-wk. training period consisted of ...

48 adolescents placed into a short-term diagnostic group home with a behavior modification program in place were studied. Each subject was administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--III and the Screener version of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test. Assessment data were used to predict the subjects' conduct within the behavioral ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide further information about preferences for types and formats (e.g., correspondence vs. face to face) of eating and exercise programs, actual participation rates in a variety of offered programs, and characteristics of program participants vs. nonparticipants. DESIGN: Over a 3-year period, a ...

PURPOSE: To assess the current state of admission policies for underrepresented minorities (URMs) at medical schools. METHOD: In 1997, the author surveyed the admission directors at the 15 medical schools with the largest URM populations. The four categories in the questionnaire covered the makeup of the admission committee, the weights ...

Programs of widely ranging size were conducted successfully in seven localities and thus the program was considered an operational success. The reductions in weight, blood pressure, and waist and hip measurements observed at the 3-month follow-up compared well with reports of other community-based programs. Almost all participants evaluated the program ...

The ability of the health care professional to make correct decisions about the progression of weight-training is critical to the rehabilitation process. The purpose of this article is to describe our approach to modification of weight-lifting techniques using the injured shoulder as a model. Additionally, the impact of various upper ...

We present a formal evaluation of the effect of weight decay training for backpropagation on noisy data sets. Weight decay training is suggested as an implementation for achieving a robust neural network which is insensitive to noise. We investigate the noisy situations of noisy training set-clean test set, clean training ...

Treatment of the patient with osteoarthritis should be comprehensive, with nonpharmacologic approaches considered as primary therapy, and analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) assigned to an adjunctive role. These nonmedicinal approaches can include joint protection strategies; the use of thermal modalities (heat and cold) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); ...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association of weight concerns with potential risk factors for the development of eating disorders. METHOD: A self-report survey was given to 103 elementary (Grades 4 and 5) and 420 middle (Grades 6-8) school students in Arizona and California. Of these, 78 elementary and 333 middle ...

Behavioral and physiological characteristics of standing were studied in nontrained spinal cats and in spinal cats that received daily stand training of the hindlimbs for 12 wk. Training consisted of assisting the cats to stand with full weight support either on both hindlimbs or on one hindlimb (30 min/day, 5 ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of redesigning the education program from individual instructional sessions to a format where the majority of instruction was provided through small group classes. Patient outcomes of lifestyle changes as evidenced by weight loss, improved glycemic control, adoption of a consistent ...

Urinary incontinence is a common problem for women. A trial of conservative treatment is frequently suggested before considering other treatment options. One method involves the use of vaginal weights for retraining the pelvic floor muscle. This review examines articles and abstracts on vaginal weights published in English or with abstracts ...

Apart from the current teaching of spirometric methods in laboratory courses on respiratory physiology, we have included an experiment in which medical students determine their own residual volume by applying the indicator-dilution technique. For hygienic reasons we used a bag-in-the-box system to dilute helium within alveolar space by performing the ...

OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to replicate that of Baker and Kirschenbaum by providing a descriptive analysis of the relationship between self-monitoring and weight control. PROCEDURES: Fifty-nine women and men in long-term cognitive-behavioral treatment for obesity participated over an 8-week period. Percentages of participants who self-monitored consistently and the relationship between ...

We examined the effects of a total body resistive training program (RT) on total and regional bone mineral density (BMD) in older women. Twenty-seven healthy postmenopausal women (mean age 62 +/- 1 years) participated in a strength training program three times/week for 16 weeks. Strength was assessed before and after ...

To seven cerebral palsied children in a special elementary school, Dohsa-hou, a Japanese psychorehabilitative program, was introduced in a pre-post design. With the help of their mothers in writing they rated on a 5-point scale changes in their body consciousness by applying 8 1-hr. sessions of Dohsa-hou training to each ...

PURPOSE: The purposes were to: 1) examine the weight loss patterns in a group of high school varsity wrestlers whose teams participated in a body composition measurement@nutrition education program, and 2) test the hypothesis that wrestling at a weight below recommended Minimum Wrestling Weight (MWW) results in decreased wrestling success. ...

Girls in the 90s is an eating disorder prevention program for pre-adolescent/adolescent girls which operationalizes contemporary theories of female development. Set right at the beginning of the continuum of food and weight preoccupation, the program teaches girls to recognize when they feel fat and encourages them to tell the stories ...

Multicenter trials are important for answering questions that require large numbers of subjects. Such trials require standardized implementation of behavioral change programs across diverse populations, regions, and staff. Researchers involved with the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly conducted a 17-week pilot study of their most complex intervention (combined ...

In prehistoric times, competitive swimmers never lifted weights. The conventional wisdom was that weight training would make their muscles too bulky and would slow them down. This turned out to be untrue. Weight training made swimmers stronger and they moved through the water like trout.

Weight training can be tailored to fit everyone's needs. But many adults need a basic regimen that works all the major muscle groups, as in the following program. Before you lift, though, ask your doctor if your body can safely tolerate the program.

One advantage of wrestling as a varsity sport in high school and college is its weight-class system. Little guys are as valuable as big guys. Ask a wrestler why he chose the sport and he is likely to tell you, "Because I'm too small to play football."

Obese coronary patients could benefit significantly from weight reduction. Unfortunately, weight management is not considered a standard component of cardiac rehabilitation programs. This article reviews the characteristics, approach and outcome data for behavioral weigh loss programs. Strategies for implementing a behavior modification treatment as part of a cardiac rehabilitation program ...

OBJECTIVE: Winconsin high school wrestlers were surveyed 1 year before (90W) and 2 years after (93W) a new program was implemented to restrict weight loss for competition. The Wisconsin wrestling minimal weight program (WMWP) included a minimal weight limit determined from percent body fat and a nutrition education program. DESIGN: ...

This study aimed to obtain recommendations from overweight youth on the development of school-based weight control programs; to determine their level of interest in participation; and to learn about the outcomes they desired from such a program. Because obesity is prevalent among youth of certain minority groups and low socioeconomic ...

The frequency of micronuclei (MN) in cells of the nasal mucosa, oral mucosa and in lymphocytes was evaluated for 25 students in anatomy classes exposed to formaldehyde (FA) over an 8-week period. Each student served as his or her own control. The time-weighted average concentration (TWA) of formaldehyde in anatomical ...

Control of respiratory disease in cow/calf operations presents many challenges. The incidence of disease in the suckling calf is not well documented and the logistics of handling range animals make control programs difficult to implement. Health programs have to be built around normal working patterns, and these patterns may not ...

BACKGROUND: Morbidly obese patients enrolled in a rapid weight reduction program are at a high risk of developing gallstones. Two multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind trials have demonstrated that the prophylactic use of ursodiol in males and females 18 to 70 years of age is effective for the prevention of gallstone ...

North Carolina's statewide, interagency Child Service Coordination Program (CSCP) serves children under five years of age with or at-risk for diverse health and developmental conditions. Preliminary assessment of the CSCP linked existing datasets to examine program coverage for two target populations: mothers < 15 year of age and infants < ...

Height and weight are reported for a sample (n = 11766) of first-year students of the Technical University of Budapest investigated between 1976 and 1990. The values of both body measurements increased both in male and female students in the 15 successive classes investigated. This phenomenon is evidence for a ...

College students who reported recent weight fluctuations of 15 pounds represented 15% of the men (N = 161) and 22% of the women (N = 301) in the study. Comparisons were made with students whose weight had remained stable on 4 subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory (Bulimia, Body Dissatisfaction, ...

One of the problems concerning the backpropagation training of feed-forward neural networks is the effect of the weight update frequency. This aspect influences the efficiency of parallel implementations of the training algorithm where the training vectors are distributed among processors. In this paper the convergence of two applications for various ...

This paper provides an overview of the Tripler Army Medical Center LEAN Program for the treatment of obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and essential hypertension. The LEAN Program, a multi-disciplinary prevention program, emphasizes healthy Lifestyles, Exercise and Emotions, Attitudes, and Nutrition for active duty service members. The treatment model offers a medically healthy, ...

This study examined the potential interactive effects of target race, weight, and gender on American Caucasian students' ratings of writing competency. Stimulus materials were eight articles in a newspaper byline format with photographs of the authors that conveyed the characteristics of race (African American/Caucasian), weight (overweight/nonoverweight), and gender (male/female). The ...

In this study the relationship between foot length, foot breadth, ball girth or foot circumference, height and weight of Turkish students aged between 17 and 25 was examined. It was noted that in both sexes the correlation between foot length and height was more significant than the correlation between foot ...

The problem of finding optimal weights for a single threshold neuron starting from a general training set is considered. Among the variety of possible learning techniques, the pocket algorithm has a proper convergence theorem which asserts its optimality. However, the original proof ensures the asymptotic achievement of an optimal weight ...

In our study of the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and physical constitution (height and weight) of the female students, those weighing more than the Japanese national average displayed higher BMD values compared with students weighing less than the national average, indicating significant differences. Those students who indicated the ...

On the basis of photographs, students (N = 258) evaluated the weights of 77 male executives or 50 businesswomen. Women students were expected to be less likely than men, and non-American students (mostly ethnic Chinese) to be less likely than Americans, to assign thin ratings to the people in the ...

Studies of hypnotic, covert and overt aversive techniques have yielded equivocal results when each has been examined for a singular effect on weight lost. Some have advocated study of effective combinations of techniques before investing in other applications. Two programs of hypnosis, imagery, diet, tape, behavior management and support but ...

An Orientation to Vision Loss program was developed to meet the needs of individuals, and their families, new to the difficult experience of vision loss. Program components address: education regarding services and resources, issues around the emotional response to vision loss and adjustment, tips and ideas for daily functioning, and ...