In this longitudinal study, we examined the role of work characteristics (creative requirement, job control, coworker and supervisor support) and personal initiative for teachers' idea generation, idea promotion, and idea implementation. Eighty-nine teachers responded to two surveys with an interval of two weeks. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that creative requirement ...

Should the indications for therapies differ from one nation to the next? What are the reasons behind controversial therapeutic variations? What roles do cultural history and authoritarian conflict among clinicians play in the adoption of therapies? When I worked at a rural hospital in Kenya, a woman experiencing obstructed labor ...

Higher specialist training offers an opportunity to focus on non-clinical skills as well as clinical issues. The authors wished to determine whether doctors who complete neonatal higher specialist training in the UK feel prepared for the consultant role with respect to management, research and teaching, as well as clinical activities.A ...

In this paper, we discuss the use of role plays in ethics education for engineering students. After presenting a rough taxonomy of different objectives, we illustrate how role plays can be used to broaden students' perspectives. We do this on the basis of our experiences with a newly developed role ...

The concept that developmental insults (for example, poor pre- or postnatal nutrition) can have long-term consequences on health and well-being of the offspring has been termed developmental programming. In livestock, developmental programming affects production traits, including growth, body composition, and reproduction. Although low birth weight was used as a proxy ...

Objective:  To investigate the effects and challenges of being a simulated patient (SP) in a high-stakes clinical examination context in a regional setting. Design:  Mixed methods, using a written survey, focus groups, and a retrospective postal survey. Setting:  A university clinical school in a Victorian regional city. Participants:  Nineteen SP ...

OBJECTIVES: Considering the expense of standardized patients (SP) for training communication skills and the convenience of peer role playing (RP) there is a surprising lack of studies directly comparing the two methods. METHODS: Fifth year medical students (N=103) were assigned to three groups receiving a training in counseling parents of ...

In this article, the authors provide an overview of the declining role of the psychiatrist in group psychotherapy. They surveyed 18 psychiatry residency training programs and found an overall decreased focus on group therapy training. The authors opine on the causes for this decline and why group therapy training is ...

This study explored interactions between medical residents and patient surrogates in order to clarify resident understanding of roles and relationships, resident emotional experience, and resident learning processes. Qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews were used involving three family medicine residency programs serving culturally diverse, urban, underserved patient populations. Eighteen second- and ...

What is already known about this subject Pharmacists, along with certain other health professionals, may train and practise as supplementary or independent prescribers. The implementation and sustainability of pharmacist prescribing services throughout Britain will require a sizeable workforce, however, a survey of GB pharmacists highlighted that only a minority have ...

Simulated learning activities are increasingly being used in health professions and interprofessional education (IPE). Specifically, IPE programs are frequently adopting role-play simulations as a key learning approach. Despite this widespread adoption, there is little empirical evidence exploring the teaching and learning processes embedded within this type of simulation. This exploratory ...

The cerebellum plays an important role in programming accurate saccades. Cerebellar lesions affecting the ocular motor region of the fastigial nucleus (FOR) cause saccadic hypermetria; however, if a second target is presented before a saccade can be initiated (double-step paradigm), saccade hypermetria may be decreased. We tested the hypothesis that ...

Toxicologic pathologists contribute significantly to the development of new biopharmaceuticals, yet there is often a lack of awareness of this specialized role. As the members of multidisciplinary teams, toxicologic pathologists participate in all aspects of the drug development process. This review is part of an initiative by the Society of ...

Role play in a face-to-face setting is becoming widely accepted as a useful pedagogy in nurse education. However, online e-role play i.e. role play which occurs using an electronic medium, is less well used, particularly with large classes. This paper will discuss the design and implementation of an online e-role ...

We describe the summative assessment of role-play scenarios that we previously developed to teach central topics in the responsible conduct of research (RCR) to graduate students in science and engineering. Interviews with role-play participants, with participants in a case discussion training session, and with untrained students suggested that role-playing might ...

This invited address is offered in celebration of the career of Dr. William T. Greenough, especially the mentorship aspect of this illustrious career. It details how glutamate has been a thread throughout my professional career, including in my training with Bill. Our investigations of the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors ...

We developed a new protocol that induces long-term adaptation of horizontal optokinetic response (HOKR) eye movement by hours of spaced training and examined the role of protein synthesis in the cerebellar cortex in the formation of memory of adaptation. Mice were trained to view 800 cycles of screen oscillation either ...

Objectives. To evaluate the usefulness of a role-play model in developing students' patient-care skills in a first-year undergraduate pharmacy practice course.Design. A role-play model was developed and implemented in workshops across 2 semesters of a year-long course. Students performed different roles, including that of a pharmacist and a patient, and ...

Setting. An orthopaedic interprofessional training ward manned by students at a University Hospital.Objective. To assess to what extent students from different undergraduate programmes evaluated the effects of a 2-week rotation at the ward on their professional roles and the value of teamwork within health care.Method. A questionnaire was filled in by 841 students ...

It has been proposed that students' use of an audience response system, commonly called clickers, may promote comprehension and retention of didactic material. Whether this method actually improves students' grades, however, is still not determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a lecture format utilizing multiple-choice PowerPoint ...

Travelling is an activity closely associated with Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) and his circle of students. This article discusses the transformative role of studying nature outdoors (turning novices into naturalists) in eighteenth-century Sweden, using the little-known journeys of Carl Bäck (1760-1776), Sven Anders Hedin (1750-1821) and Johan Lindwall (1743-1796) as examples. ...

Background:  The paramedic profession is growing within Australia, and is undergoing change both in the nature of its roles in health care and in the nature of the education systems that produce paramedic graduates. Context:  Within Australia there are two educational models for paramedic education: the post-employment vocational model and ...

IPE summits can be used as a mechanism to have students from multiple disciplines explore ethical issues, define professional roles and responsibilities, and encourage interdisciplinary discussion. Students can be facilitated in this process through questions related to each member's role and scope of practice. The goals for students participating in ...

Abstract Teaching advanced communication skills requires educators who are not only excellent communicators themselves but have the ability to deconstruct the components of the interaction and develop a cognitive approach that can be used across a variety of learners, diverse content, and under different time constraints while helping the learner ...

AIMS: To document knowledge and perceptions relating to the professional role in the area of alcohol misuse within a sample of first year (n = 278) and final year (n = 527) medical, nursing and allied health professional (NAHP) students in Scotland. METHODS: A cross sectional survey design involving self-completed questionnaires administered in autumn ...

Learning and teaching have been conceptualized and executed in many styles, such as self-learning, peer learning, and interaction between the learner and mentor. Today, openness to alternative ideas and embracing innovative approaches in nursing education are encouraged in order to meet students' learning interests and needs, and to address ever-changing ...

BACKGROUND: School-based bullying, a global challenge, negatively impacts the health and development of both victims and perpetrators. This study examined the relationship between bullying victimization and selected psychological variables among senior high school (SHS) students in Ghana, West Africa. METHODS: This study utilized data from the 2008 Ghana Global School-based ...

The United States faces a shortage of primary care physicians and declining number of medical students choosing primary care careers. We conducted a secondary analysis of 2 similar national surveys of senior medical students from 1990 and 2007 that addressed student characteristics, specialties chosen, clerkship experiences, perceptions of internal medicine ...

THE PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH: This study was designed to assess knowledge and attitude with respect to epilepsy among secondary school students (epileptic and none) in Assiut city, Egypt. METHODS: A cross sectional study was applied among secondary school students in Assiut city, Egypt. A 13-item questionnaire was self administered ...

The growth in numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse students entering nursing programs in Australia presents challenges for academic and clinical staff, and most importantly the students themselves. In this paper we present the findings from a pilot study designed to explore these issues and to develop strategies to address ...

Computerized technological resources have become essential in education, particularly for teaching topics that require the performance of specific tasks. These resources can effectively help the execution of such tasks and the teaching-learning process itself. After the development of a Web site on the topic of nursing staff scheduling, this study ...

This study examines factors affecting the implementation by primary care practitioners (nursing, education, allied health, and medical) of a brief parenting and family support intervention (the Primary Care Triple P-Positive Parenting Program) following professional training. It assesses the impact of prior experience, self-efficacy, program supports, program barriers, satisfaction with training, ...

Recent evidence suggests a relationship between psychoform and somatoform dissociation both in clinical and non clinical samples. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the two forms of dissociation among 947 university students who completed two self-administered questionnaires, the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20) and the Dissociative ...

Objective  This review will compare the USA and UK regarding pharmacy technicians' roles, it will summarize the current roles and responsibilities of pharmacy technicians in the USA, public perception of pharmacy technicians, pharmacy organizations' perspectives on pharmacy technician credentialing, academic programmes for pharmacy technicians, accreditation of pharmacy technician programmes, pharmacy ...

To assess and compare prescribing error-identification rates by health professional students. Medical, pharmacy, and nursing students were asked to complete a questionnaire on which they evaluated the accuracy of 3 prescriptions and indicated the type of error found, if any. The number of correctly identified prescribing errors and the number ...

It is unknown whether surgical residents who learn minimal-access surgery skills in an unstructured environment (ie, at home), will develop a technical skill set that rivals that of those trained in the more traditional, structured learning environment. Seven surgery residents were provided structured learning through didactic and hands-on skills training ...

In their daily teaching and classroom management, teachers inevitably communicate and represent values. The purpose of this study was to explore relations between teachers' perception of school level values represented by the goal structure of the school and value consonance (the degree to which they felt that they shared the ...

The current study tested the causal premise underlying cognitive models of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) that negative interpretations of intrusive thoughts lead to the distress and impairment associated with symptoms of OCD. Specifically, we sought to determine: (a) whether it was possible to train healthier (defined as more benign/less threatening) ...

Despite extensive literature on the nature and impact of gentrification, there has been little consideration of the effects of gentrification on ethnic neighbourhoods. This study evaluates the negative and positive effects of gentrification on the Portuguese in west central Toronto. Details concerning the settlement patterns of the Portuguese, the characteristics ...

The Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. (Positive Adolescent Training through Holistic Social Programs) is a positive youth development program implemented in school settings utilizing a curricular-based approach. In the third year of the Full Implementation Phase, 19 experimental schools (n = 3,006 students) and 24 control schools (n ...

This study examined the effects of parent-implemented mand training on the acquisition of framed manding in a 4-year-old boy who had undergone partial hemispherectomy. Framed manding became the predominant mand form when and only when the intervention was implemented with each preferred toy, but minimal generalization to untrained toys nevertheless ...

Sex, sexuality and sexual health beliefs are individual, impacting on physical and mental health. Sexual history taking is rarely taught in General Practice (GP). However, 'sex' is routinely relevant in this setting. Birmingham students practice discussing sexual history with a simulated-patient in GP. Simulated-patient inclusion in teaching/assessment is well-documented, but ...

Purpose: The Advanced Clinician Practitioner in Arthritis Care (ACPAC) Program was developed to train experienced physical and occupational therapists within extended practice roles with the aim of facilitating optimal, timely, and appropriate delivery of health care to patients with arthritis. This paper presents (1) the development of the ACPAC Program ...

This study examined the effectiveness of the Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students using theory-driven harm reduction brief motivational interviewing (BMI) for decreasing high-risk drinking and negative consequences. Three surveys were administered to 102 volunteer freshmen college students at baseline and 3 months postintervention. The BMI intervention was ...

Providing more opportunities for first-year medical students to interact with patients in clinical settings is a current discussion topic in medical student education reform. Early clinical experience helps students bridge the gap between textbook and patient while observing patient-centered care, and serves as a first step for students to develop ...

ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: • The findings from the present study revealed that less than 30% of nursing and midwifery students have high assertiveness and only half of them have low anxiety. • Assertiveness and anxiety have negative correlations in nursing and midwifery students and affect the mental health and educational and ...

Interprofessional (IP) collaboration is recognized as critical for patient-centred care. The clinical setting is an ideal environment for students to learn the competencies required to effectively work with providers from other professions. To enhance traditional clinical placements, we propose an IP mentoring approach, defined as learning that takes place between ...

Background.  This study examined students' perceptions of autonomy-supportive teaching (AST) and its relations to internalization of pro-social values and bullying in class. Aims.  We hypothesized that: (1) teachers' AST, which involves provision of rationale and taking the student's perspective, would relate positively to students' identified internalization of considerateness towards classmates, ...

A service-learning component was added to the existing preceptor practicum program at the University of North Carolina Charlotte's School of Nursing (UNCC SON) in the fall of 2007 for nursing students in the community health nursing (CHN) practicum course. Objective: The preceptorship model is commonly used in undergraduate nursing education. ...

Narrative pedagogy has the power to explore issues in a way that expository teaching cannot match. Moon and Fowler (2008, p.236), for example, point out that fiction has much to offer in focusing creatively on issues, exploring subtleties and discussing related emotional dynamics. But they comment that in nurse education ...