OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Examine the incidence of sharps exposures among otolaryngology residents, assess characteristics of exposures, and determine rates of reporting these potentially career- and life-impacting exposures. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residents. METHODS: Survey was administered online to otolaryngology residents in the spring of 2008, gathering demographic ...

A mass screening of lung function associated with air pollutants for children is limited. This study assessed the association between air pollutants exposure and the lung function of junior high school students in a mass screening program in Taipei city, Taiwan. Among 10,396 students with completed asthma screening questionnaires and ...

This study is aimed at identifying the extent of exposure of residents to tympanoplasty procedure during their training in Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) and proffer ways of improving such exposure. Questionnaire assessing the exposure to tympanoplasty procedures was administered to ORL residents who were randomly selected from six teaching hospitals in Nigeria. ...

There is a paucity of data regarding the pathophysiology and short- and long-term neurologic consequences of primary blast injury in humans. The purpose of this investigation was to test the feasibility of implementing a research protocol in the context of a forced explosive entry training course. Instructors (n = 4) ...

Heavy-duty diesel drayage trucks have a disproportionate impact on the air quality of communities surrounding major freight-handling facilities. In an attempt to mitigate this impact, the state of California has mandated new emission control requirements for drayage trucks accessing ports and rail yards in the state beginning in 2010. This ...

The aim of this study was to assess whether the stress reduction effects of phased training culminating in repeated exposure to a stressful scenario generalize to new scenarios. High-reliability occupations require personnel to operate in stressful situations involving complex environments, high degrees of uncertainty and time pressure, and severe consequences ...

This paper illustrates a step-by-step approach for evaluating chemical monitoring data in air and deposition and for prioritizing chemicals to be included in long-term air monitoring programs. The usability of the method is shown by application to data generated within the Swedish screening program. The suggested prioritization approach uses a ...

Over the past 10 years, our experiences delivering exposure therapy and teaching clinicians to deliver exposure therapy for PTSD have taught us some important lessons. We will focus on lessons learned as we have attended to clinicians' experiences as they begin to implement and apply the therapy. Specifically, we highlight ...

Objectives: in France, 15 000-20 000 cancers attributable to occupational exposure occur each year. These cancers appear most often after the worker has retired. Since 1995, a system of post-retirement medical surveillance (PRMS) has been set up for former workers, but it remains largely underused. Design: the SPIRALE program is ...

We recruited a sample of university student gamblers (n = 48) to complete a web-based battery of instruments in a study designed to assess the impact of imagery-based versus photographic cue exposure on acute craving to gamble using the multi-item Gambling Urge Scale (GUS; Raylu and Oei 2004). Although self-reported craving increased ...

The goals of this study were to examine the development of affective and behavioral changes following exposure to traumatic events among Israeli students studying under a high level of terror event exposure and to assess the effects of religiosity on those changes development. A questionnaire was administered to 770 students ...

BACKGROUND: With the increased development of distributed sites for medical education across Canada, it is imperative we ensure that the quality of education is comparable between the different campuses. Our objective was to assess medical student experience and comfort with common urologic clinical encounters and to determine whether any differences ...

The goal of this study was to determine the nutritional value and nutrients provided by each meal and snack of consumed by university students. Subjects were randomly selected from volunteer students at five universities in Ankara. A sample of 400 students (167 female and 233 male) aged between 19 and ...

Fragrance sellers often provide coffee beans to their customers as a "nasal palate cleanser," to reduce the effects of olfactory adaptation and habituation. To test this idea, college students smelled three fragrances multiple times, rating odors each time. After completing nine trials, participants sniffed coffee beans, lemon slices, or plain ...

Since this is an era in which information is open concerning the benefits it brings, the field of nursing informatics earns its moment. The objective of this study was to design educational software for teaching and learning the technique of urinary indwelling catheterization and compare the acquisition of knowledge regarding ...

To test whether the incidence of common colds among college students in China is associated with ventilation rates and crowdedness in dormitories. In Phase I of the study, a cross-sectional study, 3712 students living in 1569 dorm rooms in 13 buildings responded to a questionnaire about incidence and duration of ...

Facebook has been identified as the preferred social networking site among postsecondary students. Repeated findings in the social networking literature have suggested that postsecondary students practice high personal self-disclosure on Facebook and tend not to use privacy settings that would limit public access. This study identified and reviewed Facebook profiles ...

Twenty percent of the US population lives in rural communities, but only about 9% of the nation's physicians practice in those communities. There is little doubt that the more highly specialized physicians are, the less likely they are to practice or settle in rural areas. There is clearly a population ...

The Scholars in Rural Health program is designed to attract and retain young rural Kansans with a high probability of successful careers in rural communities. This program shapes the students' experiences toward rural health in preparation for entry into medical school. Scholars accepted into and satisfactorily completing this program are ...

WUENSCH A., GOELZ T., BERTZ H., WIRSCHING M. & FRITZSCHE K. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care20, 570-576 Disclosing information about randomised controlled trials in oncology: training concept and evaluation of an individualised communication skills training for physicians COM-ON-rct When physicians disclose information about randomised controlled trials, they have to ...

Physician-leaders are needed to address the widening gap in health disparities in an increasingly complex health care system. To be effective leaders, physicians need specific training; yet despite its importance, leadership training is rarely addressed during graduate medical education. As a result, most physician leadership training occurs after residency training. ...

Physician Health Programs (PHPs) safeguard the public by monitoring impaired physicians, but participation is not always voluntary, and many physicians resist referral. In this study, 80 physicians (85.1% male) who were referred to a state PHP for substance use-related problems completed an anonymous online survey regarding their experiences in the ...

Medical professionals need to keep on learning as part of their everyday work to deliver high-quality health care. Although the importance of physicians' learning is widely recognized, few studies have investigated how they learn in the workplace. Based on insights from deliberate practice research, this study examined the activities physicians ...

CONTEXT: Despite expanding research on the prevalence and consequences of conflicts of interest in medicine, little attention has been given to the psychological processes that enable physicians to rationalize the acceptance of gifts. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether reminding resident physicians of the sacrifices made to obtain training, as well as ...

We developed an integrative component of the consult rotation for fellows training in hematology/oncology. This component consisted of triaging all consults to the hematology/oncology service of the CAVHS during a 1-year period of time. The goals of the rotation were to improve timeliness of response to consultation requests, to gain ...

OBJECTIVE: To explore medical students' perceptions of their future role as physicians as it relates to personal and professional responsibilities toward the underserved. METHODS: The authors conducted a qualitative content analysis of 53 first-year medical students' reflective essays focusing on the question: "Access to health care is a societal problem. ...

BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The health benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for women living with heart disease are well documented, yet women remain underrepresented in traditionally structured CR programs. This health service delivery gap has been attributed to a number of sex-related factors experienced by women, including lower rates of ...

There is a dearth of data regarding journal-based continuing medical education (CME) programs. Deutsches Arzteblatt has been publishing CME articles since 2004. Articles are accompanied by a test on the article's content as well as a readers' evaluation questionnaire. The goal was to find out whether a journal-based CME program ...

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we examined the effect of choice-set size and numeracy levels on a physician-in-training's ability to choose appropriate Medicare drug plans. DESIGN: Medical students and internal medicine residents (N = 100) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 surveys, differing only in the number of plans to ...

To achieve care integration required for efficient high-quality care, physicians are increasingly organized into large multispecialty groups. The success of these groups depends in large part on the ability of leadership to successfully navigate the shifting reimbursement, regulatory, and quality and safety terrain, while simultaneously providing their physicians with a ...

To identify the essential components of a mentorship program as the first step in the ongoing development of a mentorship program for primary care physicians. Mixed-methods study. Saskatchewan. PARTICPANTS: Forty-nine of 170 physicians responded positively to a letter of invitation. Of these, 25 physicians were purposively sampled based on location, ...

To implement and evaluate an educational program for primary care physicians on recognition and treatment of depression and suicide prevention. The study was conducted in 3 Slovenian neighboring regions (Celje, Ravne na Koroskem, and Podravska) with similar suicide rates and other health indicators. All primary care physicians from Celje (N=155) ...

The emotional toll of medical error is high for both patients and clinicians, who are often unsure with whom-and whether-they can discuss what happened. Although institutions are increasingly adopting full disclosure policies, trainees frequently do not disclose mistakes, and faculty physicians are underprepared to teach communication skills related to disclosure ...

To identify and quantify the reasons general practitioners and family physicians consider retraining and their reasons for not pursuing further training. Population-based mailed survey. British Columbia. Family physicians and general practitioners identified by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia. Practising physicians' level of awareness of the University ...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) affects > 25 million individuals worldwide and causes premature disability and death for many. The diagnosis and treatment of PH have advanced dramatically through the development of a clearly defined diagnostic classification, an evidence-based treatment algorithm for adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension using life-saving medications, and life-saving ...

Community health centers are facing a shortage of primary care physicians at a time when government plans have called for an expansion of community health center programs. To succeed with this expansion, community health centers require additional well-trained physician leadership. Our objective was to ascertain how medical directors obtain leadership ...

This article presents the results of an exploratory case study that assessed a multistakeholder alliance's initiative to motivate quality improvement in primary care physician (PCP) practices. The initiative utilized a "pay-for participation" strategy that provided incentives to PCPs to participate in the National Committee for Quality Assurance's Diabetes Physician Recognition ...

Issues of financial and intellectual conflict of interest in clinical practice guidelines have raised increasing concern. Professional organizations have responded by more rigorous regulation of conflict of interest. Nevertheless, tension remains between the competing goals of optimizing guideline quality by using the experience and insight of experts and ensuring that ...

INTRODUCTION: The recruitment and retention of health workers, crucial to health service delivery, is a major challenge in many rural and remote areas. Finnmark, the most remote and northern county in Norway, has faced recurrent shortages during the last 5 decades, especially of primary care physicians. METHODS: This article describes ...

PURPOSE: To compare practice choices (primary care or specialty) and practice locations (rural or metropolitan) of medical students at the Duluth and Twin Cities (Minneapolis and St. Paul; TC) campuses of the University of Minnesota (UMN). In the early 1970s, Minnesota created two medical education programs at UMN to increase ...

OBJECTIVE: Although cancer patients from Western countries have high needs for prognostic information, the frequency of such discussions in oncology consultations is variable. Prognosis is a difficult discussion area for both physicians and patients. Physician focused Communication Skills Training (CST) has been suggested as a means to aid these discussions. ...

PURPOSE: To determine whether the Conrad Program, which allows states to recruit 30 foreign-trained physicians per year to work in underserved settings, is meeting its goal of increasing the number of physicians in Washington State's underserved areas. Participating physicians have completed their residency training in, and want to continue residing ...

PURPOSE: To assess communication about adherence and to determine the impact of communication skills training on physicians' approach to nonadherence. DESIGN: Sociolinguistic analysis of videotaped community ophthalmologists' encounters with patients with glaucoma before and after training. Patients in both phases and physicians in phase I knew communication was being studied ...

BACKGROUND: The expansion of neurosurgery and neurology in Montreal and Toronto in the early 20th century was th stimulus for the development of neuropathology in Canada. Rooted in the disciplines of the neurosciences and laboratory medicine, neuropathology evolved into an independent discipline with the founding of the Canadian Association of ...

BACKGROUND: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a common genetic condition that predisposes to emphysema and liver disease. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is under-recognized, so affected individuals often experience long delays in diagnosis and visits to multiple physicians before correct diagnosis. Reasoning that inadequate knowledge about alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency could contribute to this ...

PURPOSE: To assess the geographical distribution of ophthalmologists in Japan before and after the start of a new postgraduate training program, which was suggested to exacerbate the uneven distribution of physicians. METHODS: The number of physician per million population was calculated for ophthalmologists by using adjusted municipal boundaries and the ...

Although communication skills training programs have been recommended to reduce physicians' burnout, few studies have investigated their efficacy. This study assessed the impact of two training programs on cancer physicians' burnout. Especially, it identified some variables leading to burnout in order to develop effective interventions. Burnout was assessed with the ...

Ralph Kirsch was an exceptionally able physician, clinical investigator and teacher, as well as a mentor to many undergraduate and postgraduate students. One of us (SS) knew him as a student, as a research fellow and as a medical registrar, and the other (JT) was one of his rugby coaches ...

BACKGROUND: Abortion is one of the most contested, yet common surgical procedures in the United States and a required component of obstetrics and gynecology resident education. Approaches to abortion training are variable. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 physicians who had graduated 5-10 years prior from four US ...

communication skills represent an essential component of clinical competence. In the field of pediatrics, communication between physicians and patients' parents is characterized by particular difficulties. To investigate the effects of a parent-physician communication skills training program on OSCE performance and self-efficacy in a group control design. parallel to their daily ...